USC Subchapter II

in effect

46 U.S.C. § 12111 Registry endorsement

(a) Requirements.—A registry endorsement may be issued for a vessel that satisfies the requirements of section 12103 of this title. (b) Authorized Activity.—A vessel for which a registry endorsement is issued may engage in foreign trade or trade with Guam, American Samoa, Wake, Midway, or Kingman Reef. (c) Certain Vessels Owned by Trusts.—(1) Nonapplication of beneficiary citizenship requirement.—For the issuance of a certificate of documentation with only a registry endorsement, the beneficiaries of a trust are not required to be citizens of the United States if the trust qualifies under paragraph (2) and the vessel is subject to a charter to a citizen of the United States. (2) Requirements for trust to qualify.—(A) In general.—Subject to subparagraph (B), a trust qualifies under this paragraph with respect to a vessel only if—(i) each trustee is a citizen of the United States; and (ii) the application for documentation of the vessel includes the affidavit of each trustee stating that the trustee is not aware of any reason involving a beneficiary of the trust that is not a citizen of the United States, or involving any other person that is not a citizen of the United States, as a result of which the beneficiary or other person would hold more than 25 percent of the aggregate power to influence or limit the exercise of the authority of the trustee with respect to matters involving any ownership or operation of the vessel that may adversely affect the interests of the United States. (B) Authority of non-citizens.—If any person that is not a citizen of the United States has authority to direct or participate in directing a trustee for a trust in matters involving any ownership or operation of the vessel that may adversely affect the interests of the United States or in removing a trustee for a trust without cause, either directly or indirectly through the control of another person, the trust is not qualified under this paragraph unless the trust instrument provides that persons who are not citizens of the United States may not hold more than 25 percent of the aggregate authority to so direct or remove a trustee. (C) Ownership by non-citizens.—Subparagraphs (A) and (B) do not prohibit a person that is not a citizen of the United States from holding more than 25 percent of the beneficial interest in a trust. (3) Citizenship of person chartering vessel.—If a person chartering a vessel from a trust that qualifies under paragraph (2) is a citizen of the United States under section 50501 of this title, the vessel is deemed to be owned by a citizen of the United States for purposes of that section and related laws, except chapter 531 of this title. (d) Activities Involving Mobile Offshore Drilling Units.—(1) In general.—Only a vessel for which a certificate of documentation with a registry endorsement is issued may engage in—(A) the setting, relocation, or recovery of the anchors or other mooring equipment of a mobile offshore drilling unit that is located over the outer Continental Shelf (as defined in section 2(a) of the Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act (43 U.S.C. 1331(a))); or (B) the transportation of merchandise or personnel to or from a point in the United States from or to a mobile offshore drilling unit located over the outer Continental Shelf that is not attached to the seabed. (2) Coastwise trade not authorized.—Nothing in paragraph (1) authorizes the employment in the coastwise trade of a vessel that does not meet the requirements of section 12112 of this title.

46 U.S.C. § 12112 Coastwise endorsement

(a) Requirements.—A coastwise endorsement may be issued for a vessel that—(1) satisfies the requirements of section 12103 of this title; (2)(A) was built in the United States; or (B) if not built in the United States—(i) was captured in war by citizens of the United States and lawfully condemned as prize; (ii) was adjudged to be forfeited for a breach of the laws of the United States; or (iii) qualifies as a wrecked vessel under section 12107 of this title; and (3) otherwise qualifies under the laws of the United States to engage in the coastwise trade. (b) Authorized Activity.—Subject to the laws of the United States regulating the coastwise trade, a vessel for which a coastwise endorsement is issued may engage in the coastwise trade.

46 U.S.C. § 12113 Fishery endorsement

(a) Requirements.—A fishery endorsement may be issued for a vessel that—(1) satisfies the requirements of section 12103 of this title and, if owned by an entity, the entity satisfies the ownership requirements in subsection (c); (2) was built in the United States; (3) if rebuilt, was rebuilt in the United States; (4) was not forfeited to the United States Government after July 1, 2001, for a breach of the laws of the United States; and (5) otherwise qualifies under the laws of the United States to engage in the fisheries. (b) Authorized Activity.—(1) In general.—Subject to the laws of the United States regulating the fisheries, a vessel for which a fishery endorsement is issued may engage in the fisheries. (2) Use by prohibited persons.—A fishery endorsement is invalid immediately if the vessel for which it is issued is used as a fishing vessel while it is chartered or leased to an individual who is not a citizen of the United States or to an entity that is not eligible to own a vessel with a fishery endorsement. (c) Ownership Requirements for Entities.—(1) In general.—A vessel owned by an entity is eligible for a fishery endorsement only if at least 75 percent of the interest in the entity, at each tier of ownership and in the aggregate, is owned and controlled by citizens of the United States. (2) Determining 75 percent interest.—In determining whether at least 75 percent of the interest in the entity is owned and controlled by citizens of the United States under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall apply section 50501(d) of this title, except that for this purpose the terms “control” or “controlled”—(A) include the right to—(i) direct the business of the entity; (ii) limit the actions of or replace the chief executive officer, a majority of the board of directors, any general partner, or any person serving in a management capacity of the entity; or (iii) direct the transfer, operation, or manning of a vessel with a fishery endorsement; but (B) do not include the right to simply participate in the activities under subparagraph (A), or the exercise of rights under loan or mortgage covenants by a mortgagee eligible to be a preferred mortgagee under section 31322(a) of this title, except that a mortgagee not eligible to own a vessel with a fishery endorsement may only operate such a vessel to the extent necessary for the immediate safety of the vessel or for repairs, drydocking, or berthing changes. (3) Exceptions.—This subsection does not apply to a vessel when it is engaged in the fisheries in the exclusive economic zone under the authority of the Western Pacific Fishery Management Council established under section 302(a)(1)(H) of the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act (16 U.S.C. 1852(a)(1)(H)) or to a purse seine vessel when it is engaged in tuna fishing in the Pacific Ocean outside the exclusive economic zone or pursuant to the South Pacific Regional Fisheries Treaty, provided that the owner of the vessel continues to comply with the eligibility requirements for a fishery endorsement under the Federal law that was in effect on October 1, 1998. A fishery endorsement issued pursuant to this paragraph is valid for engaging only in the activities described in this paragraph. (d) Requirements Based on Length, Tonnage, or Horsepower.—(1) Application.—This subsection applies to a vessel that—(A) is greater than 165 feet in registered length; (B) is more than 750 gross registered tons as measured under chapter 145 of this title or 1,900 gross registered tons as measured under chapter 143 of this title; or (C) has an engine or engines capable of producing a total of more than 3,000 shaft horsepower. (2) Requirements.—A vessel subject to this subsection is not eligible for a fishery endorsement unless—(A)(i) a certificate of documentation was issued for the vessel and endorsed with a fishery endorsement that was effective on September 25, 1997; and (ii) the vessel is not placed under foreign registry after October 21, 1998; (B) the owner of the vessel demonstrates to the Secretary that—(i) the regional fishery management council of jurisdiction established under section 302(a)(1) of the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act (16 U.S.C. 1852(a)(1)) has recommended after October 21, 1998, and the Secretary of Commerce has approved, conservation and management measures in accordance with the American Fisheries Act (Public Law 105–277, div. C, title II) (16 U.S.C. 1851 note) 11 See References in Text note below. to allow the vessel to be used in fisheries under the council’s authority; and (ii) in the case of a vessel listed in paragraphs (1) through (20) of section 208(e) of the American Fisheries Act (title II of division C of Public Law 105–277; 112 Stat. 2681–625 et seq.), the vessel is neither participating in nor eligible to participate in the non-AFA trawl catcher processor subsector (as that term is defined under section 219(a)(7) of the Department of Commerce and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2005 (Public Law 108–447; 118 Stat. 2887)); (C) the vessel—(i) is either a rebuilt vessel or replacement vessel under section 208(g) of the American Fisheries Act (title II of division C of Public Law 105–277; 112 Stat. 2681–627); (ii) is eligible for a fishery endorsement under this section; and (iii) in the case of a vessel listed in paragraphs (1) through (20) of section 208(e) of the American Fisheries Act (title II of division C of Public Law 105–277; 112 Stat. 2681–625 et seq.), is neither participating in nor eligible to participate in the non-AFA trawl catcher processor subsector (as that term is defined under section 219(a)(7) of the Department of Commerce and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2005 (Public Law 108–447; 118 Stat. 2887)); or (D) the vessel is a fish tender vessel that is not engaged in the harvesting or processing of fish. (e) Vessels Measuring 100 Feet or Greater.—(1) In general.—The Administrator of the Maritime Administration shall administer subsections (c) and (d) with respect to vessels 100 feet or greater in registered length. The owner of each such vessel shall file a statement of citizenship setting forth all relevant facts regarding vessel ownership and control with the Administrator on an annual basis to demonstrate compliance with those provisions. (2) Regulations.—Regulations to implement this subsection shall conform to the extent practicable with the regulations establishing the form of citizenship affidavit set forth in part 355 of title 46, Code of Federal Regulations, as in effect on September 25, 1997, except that the form of the statement shall be written in a manner to allow the owner of the vessel to satisfy any annual renewal requirements for a certificate of documentation for the vessel and to comply with this subsection and subsections (c) and (d), and shall not be required to be notarized. (3) Transfer of ownership.—Transfers of ownership and control of vessels subject to subsection (c) or (d), which are 100 feet or greater in registered length, shall be rigorously scrutinized for violations of those provisions, with particular attention given to—(A) leases, charters, mortgages, financing, and similar arrangements; (B) the control of persons not eligible to own a vessel with a fishery endorsement under subsection (c) or (d), over the management, sales, financing, or other operations of an entity; and (C) contracts involving the purchase over extended periods of time of all, or substantially all, of the living marine resources harvested by a fishing vessel. (f) Vessels Measuring Less Than 100 Feet.—The Secretary shall establish reasonable and necessary requirements to demonstrate compliance with subsections (c) and (d), with respect to vessels measuring less than 100 feet in registered length, and shall seek to minimize the administrative burden on individuals who own and operate those vessels. (g) Vessels Purchased Through Fishing Capacity Reduction Program.—A vessel purchased by the Secretary of Commerce through a fishing capacity reduction program under the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) or section 308 22 See References in Text note below. of the Interjurisdictional Fisheries Act of 1986 (16 U.S.C. 4107) is not eligible for a fishery endorsement, and any fishery endorsement issued for that vessel is invalid. (h) Revocation of Endorsements.—The Secretary shall revoke the fishery endorsement of any vessel subject to subsection (c) or (d) whose owner does not comply with those provisions. (i) Regulations.—Regulations to implement subsections (c) and (d) and sections 12151(c) and 31322(b) of this title shall prohibit impermissible transfers of ownership or control, specify any transactions that require prior approval of an implementing agency, identify transactions that do not require prior agency approval, and to the extent practicable, minimize disruptions to the commercial fishing industry, to the traditional financing arrangements of that industry, and to the opportunity to form fishery cooperatives.

46 U.S.C. § 12114 Recreational endorsement

(a) Requirements.—A recreational endorsement may be issued for a vessel that satisfies the requirements of section 12103 of this title. (b) Authorized Activity.—A vessel operating under a recreational endorsement may be operated only for pleasure. (c) Application of Customs Laws.—A vessel for which a recreational endorsement is issued may proceed between a port of the United States and a port of a foreign country without entering or clearing with the Secretary of Homeland Security. However, a recreational vessel is subject to the requirements for reporting arrivals under section 433 of the Tariff Act of 1930 (19 U.S.C. 1433), and individuals on the vessel are subject to applicable customs regulations.

46 U.S.C. § 12115 Temporary endorsement for vessels procured outside the United States

(a) General Authority.—The Secretary and the Secretary of State, acting jointly, may provide for the issuance of a certificate of documentation with an appropriate endorsement for a vessel procured outside the United States and meeting the ownership requirements of section 12103 of this title. (b) Authorized Activity.—Subject to limitations the Secretary may prescribe, a vessel documented under this section may proceed to the United States and engage en route in foreign trade or trade with Guam, American Samoa, Wake, Midway, or Kingman Reef. (c) Application of United States Jurisdiction and Laws.—A vessel documented under this section is subject to the jurisdiction and laws of the United States. However, if the Secretary considers it to be in the public interest, the Secretary may suspend for a period of not more than 6 months the application of a vessel inspection law carried out by the Secretary or regulations prescribed under that law. (d) Surrender of Certificate.—On the vessel’s arrival in the United States, the certificate of documentation shall be surrendered as provided by regulations prescribed by the Secretary.

46 U.S.C. § 12116 Limited endorsements for Guam, American Samoa, and Northern Mariana Islands

(a) Endorsements.—A vessel satisfying the requirements of subsection (b) may be issued—(1) a coastwise endorsement to engage in the coastwise trade of fisheries products between places in Guam, American Samoa, and the Northern Mariana Islands; or (2) a fishery endorsement to engage in fishing in the territorial sea and fishery conservation zone adjacent to Guam, American Samoa, and the Northern Mariana Islands. (b) Requirements.—An endorsement may be issued under subsection (a) for a vessel that—(1) satisfies the requirements of section 12103 of this title; (2) was not built in the United States, except that for an endorsement under subsection (a)(2), the vessel must not have been built or rebuilt in the United States; (3) is less than 200 gross tons as measured under section 14502 of this title, or an alternate tonnage as measured under section 14302 of this title as prescribed by the Secretary under section 14104 of this title; and (4) otherwise qualifies under the laws of the United States to engage in the coastwise trade or the fisheries, as the case may be.

46 U.S.C. § 12117 Oil spill response vessels

(a) Requirements.—A coastwise endorsement may be issued for a vessel that—(1) satisfies the requirements for a coastwise endorsement, except for the ownership requirement otherwise applicable without regard to this section; (2) is owned by a not-for-profit oil spill response cooperative or by members of such a cooperative that dedicate the vessel to use by the cooperative; (3) is at least 50 percent owned by individuals or entities described in section 12103(b) of this title; and (4) is to be used only for—(i) deploying equipment, supplies, and personnel to recover, contain, or transport oil discharged into the navigable waters of the United States or the exclusive economic zone; or (ii) training exercises to prepare to respond to such a discharge. (b) Deemed Owned by Citizens.—A vessel satisfying subsection (a) is deemed to be owned only by citizens of the United States under sections 12103, 12132, and 50501 of this title.

46 U.S.C. § 12118 Owners engaged primarily in manufacturing or mineral industry

(a) Definitions.—In this section:(1) Bowaters corporation.—The term “Bowaters corporation” means a corporation that has filed a certificate under oath with the Secretary, in the form and at the times prescribed by the Secretary, establishing that—(A) the corporation is incorporated under the laws of the United States or a State; (B) a majority of the officers and directors of the corporation are individuals who are citizens of the United States; (C) at least 90 percent of the employees of the corporation are residents of the United States; (D) the corporation is engaged primarily in a manufacturing or mineral industry in the United States; (E) the total book value of the vessels owned by the corporation is not more than 10 percent of the total book value of the assets of the corporation; and (F) the corporation buys or produces in the United States at least 75 percent of the raw materials used or sold in its operations. (2) Parent.—The term “parent” means a corporation that has filed a certificate under oath with the Secretary, in the form and at the times prescribed by the Secretary, establishing that the corporation—(A) is incorporated under the laws of the United States or a State; and (B) controls, directly or indirectly, at least 50 percent of the voting stock of a Bowaters corporation. (3) Subsidiary.—The term “subsidiary” means a corporation that has filed a certificate under oath with the Secretary, in the form and at the times prescribed by the Secretary, establishing that the corporation—(A) is incorporated under the laws of the United States or a State; and (B) has at least 50 percent of its voting stock controlled, directly or indirectly, by a Bowaters corporation or its parent. (b) Deemed Citizen.—A Bowaters corporation is deemed to be a citizen of the United States for purposes of chapters 121, 551, and 561 and section 80104 of this title. (c) Issuance of Documentation.—A certificate of documentation and appropriate endorsement may be issued for a vessel that—(1) is owned by a Bowaters corporation; (2) was built in the United States; and (3)(A) is self-propelled and less than 500 gross tons as measured under section 14502 of this title, or an alternate tonnage as measured under section 14302 of this title as prescribed by the Secretary under section 14104 of this title; or (B) is not self-propelled. (d) Effects of Documentation.—(1) In general.—Subject to paragraph (2)—(A) a vessel documented under this section may engage in the coastwise trade; and (B) the vessel and its owner and master are entitled to the same benefits and are subject to the same requirements and penalties as if the vessel were otherwise documented or exempt from documentation under this chapter. (2) Transportation of passengers or merchandise.—A vessel documented under this section may transport passengers or merchandise for hire in the coastwise trade only—(A) as a service for a parent or subsidiary of the corporation owning the vessel; or (B) when under a demise or bareboat charter, at prevailing rates for use not in the domestic noncontiguous trades, from the corporation owning the vessel to a carrier that—(i) is subject to jurisdiction under subchapter II of chapter 135 of title 49; (ii) otherwise qualifies as a citizen of the United States under section 50501 of this title; and (iii) is not owned or controlled, directly or indirectly, by the corporation owning the vessel. (e) Validity of Corporate Certificate.—A certificate filed by a corporation under this section remains valid only as long as the corporation continues to satisfy the conditions required of the corporation by this section. When a corporation no longer satisfies those conditions, the corporation loses its status under this section and immediately shall surrender to the Secretary any documents issued to it based on that status. (f) Penalties.—(1) Falsifying material fact.—If a corporation knowingly falsifies a material fact in a certificate filed under subsection (a), the vessel (or its value) documented or operated under this section shall be forfeited. (2) Transporting merchandise.—If a vessel transports merchandise for hire in violation of this section, the merchandise shall be forfeited to the United States Government. (3) Transporting passengers.—If a vessel transports passengers for hire in violation of this section, the vessel is liable for a penalty of $200 for each passenger so transported. (4) Remission or mitigation.—A penalty or forfeiture incurred under this subsection may be remitted or mitigated under section 2107(b) of this title.

46 U.S.C. § 12119 Owners engaged primarily in leasing or financing transactions

(a) Definitions.—In this section:(1) Affiliate.—The term “affiliate” means, with respect to any person, any other person that is—(i) directly or indirectly controlled by, under common control with, or controlling that person; or (ii) named as being part of the same consolidated group in any report or other document submitted to the United States Securities and Exchange Commission or the Internal Revenue Service. (2) Cargo.—The term “cargo” does not include cargo to which title is held for non-commercial reasons and primarily for the purpose of evading the requirements of subsection (c)(3). (3) Oil.—The term “oil” has the meaning given that term in section 2101(28) of this title. (4) Passive investment.—The term “passive investment” means an investment in which neither the investor nor any affiliate of the investor is involved in, or has the power to be involved in, the formulation, determination, or direction of any activity or function concerning the management, use, or operation of the asset that is the subject of the investment. (5) Qualified proprietary cargo.—The term “qualified proprietary cargo” means—(A) oil, petroleum products, petrochemicals, or liquefied natural gas cargo that is beneficially owned by the person that submits to the Secretary an application or annual certification under subsection (c)(3), or by an affiliate of that person, immediately before, during, or immediately after the cargo is carried in coastwise trade on a vessel owned by that person; (B) oil, petroleum products, petrochemicals, or liquefied natural gas cargo not beneficially owned by the person that submits to the Secretary an application or an annual certification under subsection (c)(3), or by an affiliate of that person, but which is carried in coastwise trade by a vessel owned by that person and which is part of an arrangement in which vessels owned by that person and at least one other person are operated collectively as one fleet, to the extent that an equal amount of oil, petroleum products, petrochemicals, or liquefied natural gas cargo beneficially owned by that person, or by an affiliate of that person, is carried in coastwise trade on one or more other vessels, not owned by that person, or by an affiliate of that person, if the other vessel or vessels are also part of the same arrangement; (C) in the case of a towing vessel associated with a non-self-propelled tank vessel where both vessels function as a single self-propelled vessel, oil, petroleum products, petrochemicals, or liquefied natural gas cargo that is beneficially owned by the person that owns both the towing vessel and the non-self-propelled tank vessel, or any United States affiliate of that person, immediately before, during, or immediately after the cargo is carried in coastwise trade on either of those vessels; or (D) any oil, petroleum products, petrochemicals, or liquefied natural gas cargo carried on any vessel that is either a self-propelled tank vessel having a length of at least 210 meters or a tank vessel that is a liquefied natural gas carrier that—(i) was delivered by the builder of the vessel to the owner of the vessel after December 31, 1999; and (ii) was purchased by a person for the purpose, and with the reasonable expectation, of transporting on the vessel liquefied natural gas or unrefined petroleum beneficially owned by the owner of the vessel, or an affiliate of the owner, from Alaska to the continental United States. (6) United states affiliate.—The term “United States affiliate” means, with respect to any person, an affiliate the principal place of business of which is located in the United States. (b) Requirements.—A coastwise endorsement may be issued for a vessel if—(1) the vessel satisfies the requirements for a coastwise endorsement, except for the ownership requirement otherwise applicable without regard to this section; (2) the person that owns the vessel (or, if the vessel is owned by a trust or similar arrangement, the beneficiary of the trust or similar arrangement) meets the requirements of subsection (c); (3) the vessel is under a demise charter to a person that certifies to the Secretary that the person is a citizen of the United States under section 50501 of this title for engaging in the coastwise trade; and (4) the demise charter is for a period of at least 3 years or a shorter period as may be prescribed by the Secretary. (c) Ownership Certification.—(1) In general.—A person meets the requirements of this subsection if the person transmits to the Secretary each year the certification required by paragraph (2) or (3) with respect to a vessel. (2) Investment certification.—To meet the certification requirement of this paragraph, a person shall certify that it—(A) is a leasing company, bank, or financial institution; (B) owns, or holds the beneficial interest in, the vessel solely as a passive investment; (C) does not operate any vessel for hire and is not an affiliate of any person that operates any vessel for hire; and (D) is independent from, and not an affiliate of, any charterer of the vessel or any other person that has the right, directly or indirectly, to control or direct the movement or use of the vessel. (3) Certain tank vessels.—(A) In general.—To meet the certification requirement of this paragraph, a person shall certify that—(i) the aggregate book value of the vessels owned by the person and United States affiliates of the person does not exceed 10 percent of the aggregate book value of all assets owned by the person and its United States affiliates; (ii) not more than 10 percent of the aggregate revenues of the person and its United States affiliates is derived from the ownership, operation, or management of vessels; (iii) at least 70 percent of the aggregate tonnage of all cargo carried by all vessels owned by the person and its United States affiliates and documented with a coastwise endorsement is qualified proprietary cargo; (iv) any cargo other than qualified proprietary cargo carried by all vessels owned by the person and its United States affiliates and documented with a coastwise endorsement consists of oil, petroleum products, petrochemicals, or liquified natural gas; (v) no vessel owned by the person or any of its United States affiliates and documented with a coastwise endorsement carries molten sulphur; and (vi) the person owned one or more vessels documented under this section as of August 9, 2004. (B) Application only to certain vessels.—A person may make a certification under this paragraph only with respect to—(i) a tank vessel having a tonnage of at least 6,000 gross tons, as measured under section 14502 of this title (or an alternative tonnage measured under section 14302 of this title as prescribed by the Secretary under section 14104 of this title); or (ii) a towing vessel associated with a non-self-propelled tank vessel that meets the requirements of clause (i), where both vessels function as a single self-propelled vessel. (d) Filing of Demise Charter.—The demise charter and any amendments to the charter shall be filed with the certification required by subsection (b)(3) or within 10 days after filing an amendment to the charter. The charter and amendments shall be made available to the public. (e) Continuation of Endorsement After Termination of Charter.—When a charter required by subsection (b)(3) is terminated for default by the charterer, the Secretary may continue the coastwise endorsement for not more than 6 months on terms and conditions the Secretary may prescribe. (f) Deemed Owned by Citizens.—A vessel satisfying the requirements of this section is deemed to be owned only by citizens of the United States under sections 12103 and 50501 of this title.

46 U.S.C. § 12120 Liquified gas tankers

Notwithstanding any agreement with the United States Government, the Secretary may issue a certificate of documentation with a coastwise endorsement for a vessel to transport liquified natural gas or liquified petroleum gas to Puerto Rico from other ports in the United States, if the vessel— (1) is a foreign built vessel that was built before October 19, 1996; or (2) was documented under this chapter before that date, even if the vessel is placed under a foreign registry and subsequently redocumented under this chapter for operation under this section.

46 U.S.C. § 12121 Small passenger vessels and uninspected passenger vessels

(a) Definitions.—In this section:(1) Eligible vessel.—The term “eligible vessel” means a vessel that—(A) was built in the United States; (B) was not built in the United States and is at least 3 years old; or (C) if rebuilt, was rebuilt—(i) in the United States; or (ii) outside the United States at least 3 years before the certificate requested under subsection (b) would take effect. (2) Small passenger vessel; uninspected passenger vessel; passenger for hire.—The terms “small passenger vessel”, “uninspected passenger vessel”, and “passenger for hire” have the meaning given those terms in section 2101 of this title. (b) Issuance of Certificate and Endorsement.—Notwithstanding sections 12112, 12113, 12132, 55102, and 55103 of this title, the Secretary may issue a certificate of documentation with an appropriate endorsement for employment in the coastwise trade as a small passenger vessel or an uninspected passenger vessel in the case of an eligible vessel authorized to carry no more than 12 passengers for hire if the Secretary of Transportation, after notice and an opportunity for public comment, determines that the employment of the vessel in the coastwise trade will not adversely affect—(1) United States vessel builders; or (2) the coastwise trade business of any person that employs vessels built in the United States in that business. (c) Revocation.—(1) For fraud.—The Secretary shall revoke a certificate or endorsement issued under subsection (b) if the Secretary of Transportation, after notice and an opportunity for a hearing, determines that the certificate or endorsement was obtained by fraud. (2) Other provisions not affected.—Paragraph (1) does not affect—(A) the criminal prohibition on fraud and false statements in section 1001 of title 18; or (B) any other authority of the Secretary to revoke a certificate or endorsement issued under subsection (b).