USC Chapter 96a

in effect

22 U.S.C. § 8921 Definitions

In this chapter: (1) Account; correspondent account; payable-through accountThe terms “account”, “correspondent account”, and “payable-through account” have the meanings given those terms in section 5318A of title 31. (2) Appropriate congressional committeesThe term “appropriate congressional committees” means—(A) the Committee on Foreign Relations and the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate; and (B) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the Committee on Financial Services of the House of Representatives. (3) Defense article; defense service; trainingThe terms “defense article”, “defense service”, and “training” have the meanings given those terms in section 2794 of this title. (4) Financial institutionThe term “financial institution” means a financial institution specified in subparagraph (A), (B), (C), (D), (E), (F), (G), (H), (I), (J), (M), or (Z) of section 5312(a)(2) of title 31. (5) Foreign financial institutionThe term “foreign financial institution” has the meaning given that term in section 561.308 of title 31, Code of Federal Regulations (or any corresponding similar regulation or ruling). (6) Foreign personThe term “foreign person” means any individual or entity that is not a United States citizen, a permanent resident alien, or an entity organized under the laws of the United States or any jurisdiction within the United States. (7) KnowinglyThe term “knowingly”, with respect to conduct, a circumstance, or a result, means that a person has actual knowledge, or should have known, of the conduct, the circumstance, or the result. (8) Russian personThe term “Russian person” means—(A) an individual who is a citizen or national of the Russian Federation; or (B) an entity organized under the laws of the Russian Federation. (9) Special Russian crude oil projectThe term “special Russian crude oil project” means a project intended to extract crude oil from—(A) the exclusive economic zone of the Russian Federation in waters more than 500 feet deep; (B) Russian Arctic offshore locations; or (C) shale formations located in the Russian Federation.

22 U.S.C. § 8922 Statement of policy regarding Ukraine

It is the policy of the United States to further assist the Government of Ukraine in restoring its sovereignty and territorial integrity to deter the Government of the Russian Federation from further destabilizing and invading Ukraine and other independent countries in Central and Eastern Europe, the Caucasus, and Central Asia. That policy shall be carried into effect, among other things, through a comprehensive effort, in coordination with allies and partners of the United States where appropriate, that includes economic sanctions, diplomacy, assistance for the people of Ukraine, and the provision of military capabilities to the Government of Ukraine that will enhance the ability of that Government to defend itself and to restore its sovereignty and territorial integrity in the face of unlawful actions by the Government of the Russian Federation.

22 U.S.C. § 8923 Sanctions relating to the defense and energy sectors of the Russian Federation

(a) Sanctions relating to the defense sector(1) RosoboronexportExcept as provided in subsection (d), not later than 30 days after December 18, 2014, the President shall impose 3 or more of the sanctions described in subsection (c) with respect to Rosoboronexport. (2) Russian producers, transferors, or brokers of defense articlesExcept as provided in subsection (d), on and after the date that is 45 days after December 18, 2014, the President shall impose 3 or more of the sanctions described in subsection (c) with respect to a foreign person the President determines—(A) is an entity—(i) owned or controlled by the Government of the Russian Federation or owned or controlled by nationals of the Russian Federation; and (ii) that—(I) knowingly manufactures or sells defense articles transferred into Syria or into the territory of a specified country without the consent of the internationally recognized government of that country; (II) transfers defense articles into Syria or into the territory of a specified country without the consent of the internationally recognized government of that country; or (III) brokers or otherwise assists in the transfer of defense articles into Syria or into the territory of a specified country without the consent of the internationally recognized government of that country; or (B) knowingly, on or after December 18, 2014, assists, sponsors, or provides financial, material, or technological support for, or goods or services to or in support of, an entity described in subparagraph (A) with respect to an activity described in clause (ii) of that subparagraph. (3) Specified country defined(A) In generalIn this subsection, the term “specified country” means—(i) Ukraine, Georgia, and Moldova; and (ii) any other country designated by the President as a country of significant concern for purposes of this subsection, such as Poland, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, and the Central Asia republics. (B) Notice to CongressThe President shall notify the appropriate congressional committees in writing not later than 15 days before—(i) designating a country as a country of significant concern under subparagraph (A)(ii); or (ii) terminating a designation under that subparagraph, including the termination of any such designation pursuant to subsection (i). (b) Sanctions related to the energy sector(1) Development of special Russian crude oil projectsExcept as provided in subsection (d), on and after the date that is 30 days after August 2, 2017, the President shall impose, unless the President determines that it is not in the national interest of the United States to do so, 3 or more of the sanctions described in subsection (c) with respect to a foreign person if the President determines that the foreign person knowingly makes a significant investment in a special Russian crude oil project. (2) Authorization for extension of licensing limitations on certain equipmentThe President, through the Bureau of Industry and Security of the Department of Commerce or the Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Department of the Treasury, as appropriate, may impose additional licensing requirements for or other restrictions on the export or reexport of items for use in the energy sector of the Russian Federation, including equipment used for tertiary oil recovery. (3) Contingent sanction relating to GazpromIf the President determines that Gazprom is withholding significant natural gas supplies from member countries of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, or further withholds significant natural gas supplies from countries such as Ukraine, Georgia, or Moldova, the President shall, not later than 45 days after making that determination, impose the sanction described in subsection (c)(7) and at least one additional sanction described in subsection (c) with respect to Gazprom. (c) Sanctions describedThe sanctions the President may impose with respect to a foreign person under subsection (a) or (b) are the following:(1) Export-Import Bank assistanceThe President may direct the Export-Import Bank of the United States not to approve the issuance of any guarantee, insurance, extension of credit, or participation in the extension of credit in connection with the export of any goods or services to the foreign person. (2) Procurement sanctionThe President may prohibit the head of any executive agency (as defined in section 133 of title 41) from entering into any contract for the procurement of any goods or services from the foreign person. (3) Arms export prohibitionThe President may prohibit the exportation or provision by sale, lease or loan, grant, or other means, directly or indirectly, of any defense article or defense service to the foreign person and the issuance of any license or other approval to the foreign person under section 2778 of this title. (4) Dual-use export prohibitionThe President may prohibit the issuance of any license and suspend any license for the transfer to the foreign person of any item the export of which is controlled under the Export Administration Act of 1979 (50 U.S.C. App. 2401 et seq.) 11 See References in Text note below. (as in effect pursuant to the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.)) or the Export Administration Regulations under subchapter C of chapter VII of title 15, Code of Federal Regulations. (5) Property transactionsThe President may, pursuant to such regulations as the President may prescribe, prohibit any person from—(A) acquiring, holding, withholding, using, transferring, withdrawing, transporting, or exporting any property that is subject to the jurisdiction of the United States and with respect to which the foreign person has any interest; (B) dealing in or exercising any right, power, or privilege with respect to such property; or (C) conducting any transaction involving such property. (6) Banking transactionsThe President may, pursuant to such regulations as the President may prescribe, prohibit any transfers of credit or payments between financial institutions or by, through, or to any financial institution, to the extent that such transfers or payments are subject to the jurisdiction of the United States and involve any interest of the foreign person. (7) Prohibition on investment in equity or debt of sanctioned personThe President may, pursuant to such regulations as the President may prescribe, prohibit any United States person from transacting in, providing financing for, or otherwise dealing in—(A) debt—(i) of longer than 30 days’ maturity of a foreign person with respect to which sanctions are imposed under subsection (a) or of longer than 90 days’ maturity of a foreign person with respect to which sanctions are imposed under subsection (b); and (ii) issued on or after the date on which such sanctions are imposed with respect to the foreign person; or (B) equity of the foreign person issued on or after that date. (8) Exclusion from the United States and revocation of visa or other documentationIn the case of a foreign person who is an individual, the President may direct the Secretary of State to deny a visa to, and the Secretary of Homeland Security to exclude from the United States, the foreign person, subject to regulatory exceptions to permit the United States to comply with the Agreement regarding the Headquarters of the United Nations, signed at Lake Success June 26, 1947, and entered into force November 21, 1947, between the United Nations and the United States, or other applicable international obligations. (9) Sanctions on principal executive officersIn the case of a foreign person that is an entity, the President may impose on the principal executive officer or officers of the foreign person, or on individuals performing similar functions and with similar authorities as such officer or officers, any of the sanctions described in this subsection applicable to individuals. (d) Exceptions(1) Importation of goods(A) In generalThe authority to block and prohibit all transactions in all property and interests in property under subsection (c)(5) shall not include the authority to impose sanctions on the importation of goods. (B) Good definedIn this paragraph, the term “good” has the meaning given that term in section 16 of the Export Administration Act of 1979 (50 U.S.C. App. 2415) 1 (as continued in effect pursuant to the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.)). (2) Additional exceptionsThe President shall not be required to apply or maintain the sanctions under subsection (a) or (b)—(A) in the case of procurement of defense articles or defense services under existing contracts, subcontracts, or other business agreements, including ancillary or incidental contracts for goods, or for services or funding (including necessary financial services) associated with such goods, as necessary to give effect to such contracts, subcontracts, or other business agreements, and the exercise of options for production quantities to satisfy requirements essential to the national security of the United States—(i) if the President determines in writing that—(I) the foreign person to which the sanctions would otherwise be applied is a sole source supplier of the defense articles or services; (II) the defense articles or services are essential; (III) alternative sources are not readily or reasonably available; and (IV) the national interests of the United States would be adversely affected by the application or maintenance of such sanctions; or (ii) if the President determines in writing that—(I) such articles or services are essential to the national security under defense coproduction agreements; and (II) the national interests of the United States would be adversely affected by the application or maintenance of such sanctions; (B) in the case of procurement, to eligible products, as defined in section 2518(4) of title 19, of any foreign country or instrumentality designated under section 2511(b)(1) of title 19; (C) to products, technology, or services provided under contracts, subcontracts, or other business agreements (including ancillary or incidental contracts for goods, or for services or funding (including necessary financial services) associated with such goods, as necessary to give effect to such contracts, subcontracts, or other business agreements) entered into before the date on which the President publishes in the Federal Register the name of the foreign person with respect to which the sanctions are to be imposed; (D) to—(i) spare parts that are essential to United States products or production; (ii) component parts, but not finished products, essential to United States products or production; or (iii) routine servicing and maintenance of United States products, to the extent that alternative sources are not readily or reasonably available; (E) to information and technology essential to United States products or production; or (F) to food, medicine, medical devices, or agricultural commodities (as those terms are defined in section 8511 of this title). (e) National security waiver(1) In generalThe President may waive the application of sanctions under subsection (a) or (b) with respect to a foreign person if the President—(A) determines that the waiver is in the national security interest of the United States; and (B) submits to the appropriate congressional committees a report on the determination and the reasons for the determination. (2) Form of reportThe report required by paragraph (1)(B) shall be submitted in unclassified form, but may include a classified annex. (f) Transaction-specific national security waiver(1) In generalThe President may waive the application of sanctions under subsection (a) or (b) with respect to a specific transaction if the President—(A) determines that the transaction is in the national security interest of the United States; and (B) submits to the appropriate congressional committees a detailed report on the determination and the specific reasons for the determination that a waiver with respect to the transaction is necessary and appropriate. (2) Form of reportThe report required by paragraph (1)(B) shall be submitted in unclassified form, but may include a classified annex. (g) Notifications and certifications to Congress(1) Imposition of sanctionsThe President shall notify the appropriate congressional committees in writing not later than 15 days after imposing sanctions with respect to a foreign person under subsection (a) or (b). (2) Termination of sanctions with respect to Russian producers, transferors, or brokers of defense articlesSubject to section 9511 of this title, the President may terminate the imposition of sanctions under subsection (a)(2) with respect to a foreign person if the President submits to the appropriate congressional committees—(A) a notice of and justification for the termination; and (B) a notice that—(i) the foreign person is not engaging in the activity that was the basis for the sanctions or has taken significant verifiable steps toward stopping the activity; and (ii) the President has received reliable assurances that the foreign person will not knowingly engage in activity subject to sanctions under subsection (a)(2) in the future. (h) Implementation; penalties(1) ImplementationThe President may exercise all authorities provided under sections 203 and 205 of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1702 and 1704) to carry out the purposes of this section. (2) PenaltiesThe penalties provided for in subsections (b) and (c) of section 206 of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1705) shall apply to a person that violates, attempts to violate, or conspires to violate, or causes a violation of, subsection (a) or (b) of this section, or an order or regulation prescribed under either such subsection, to the same extent that such penalties apply to a person that commits an unlawful act described in section 206(a) of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act. (i) Termination(1) In generalExcept as provided in paragraph (2), this section, and sanctions imposed under this section, shall terminate on the date on which the President submits to the appropriate congressional committees a certification that the Government of the Russian Federation has ceased ordering, controlling, or otherwise directing, supporting, or financing, significant acts intended to undermine the peace, security, stability, sovereignty, or territorial integrity of Ukraine, including through an agreement between the appropriate parties. (2) Applicability with respect to SyriaThe termination date under paragraph (1) shall not apply with respect to the provisions of subsection (a) relating to the transfer of defense articles into Syria or sanctions imposed pursuant to such provisions.

22 U.S.C. § 8924 Sanctions on Russian and other foreign financial institutions

(a) Facilitation of certain defense- and energy-related transactionsThe President shall impose, unless the President determines that it is not in the national interest of the United States to do so, the sanction described in subsection (c) with respect to a foreign financial institution that the President determines knowingly engages, on or after August 2, 2017, in significant transactions involving activities described in subparagraph (A)(ii) or (B) of section 8923(a)(2) of this title or paragraph (1) or (3) of section 8923(b) of this title for persons with respect to which sanctions are imposed under section 8923 of this title. (b) Facilitation of financial transactions on behalf of specially designated nationalsThe President shall impose, unless the President determines that it is not in the national interest of the United States to do so, the sanction described in subsection (c) with respect to a foreign financial institution if the President determines that the foreign financial institution has, on or after the date that is 30 days after August 2, 2017, knowingly facilitated a significant financial transaction on behalf of any Russian person included on the list of specially designated nationals and blocked persons maintained by the Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Department of the Treasury, pursuant to—(1) this chapter; (2) Executive Order No. 13660 (79 Fed. Reg. 13,493), 13661 (79 Fed. Reg. 15,535), or 13662 (79 Fed. Reg. 16,169); or (3) any other Executive order addressing the crisis in Ukraine. (c) Sanction describedThe sanction described in this subsection is, with respect to a foreign financial institution, a prohibition on the opening, and a prohibition or the imposition of strict conditions on the maintaining, in the United States of a correspondent account or a payable-through account by the foreign financial institution. (d) National security waiverThe President may waive the application of sanctions under this section with respect to a foreign financial institution if the President—(1) determines that the waiver is in the national security interest of the United States; and (2) submits to the appropriate congressional committees a report on the determination and the reasons for the determination. (e) Notification to Congress on imposition of sanctionsThe President shall notify the appropriate congressional committees in writing not later than 15 days after imposing sanctions with respect to a foreign financial institution under subsection (a) or (b). (f) Implementation; penalties(1) ImplementationThe President may exercise all authorities provided under sections 1702 and 1704 of title 50 to carry out the purposes of this section. (2) PenaltiesThe penalties provided for in subsections (b) and (c) of section 1705 of title 50 shall apply to a person that violates, attempts to violate, or conspires to violate, or causes a violation of, subsection (a) or (b) of this section, or an order or regulation prescribed under either such subsection, to the same extent that such penalties apply to a person that commits an unlawful act described in section 1705(a) of title 50. (g) TerminationThis section, and sanctions imposed under this section, shall terminate on the date on which the President submits to the appropriate congressional committees the certification described in section 8923(i) of this title.

22 U.S.C. § 8925 Increased military assistance for the Government of Ukraine

(a) In generalThe President is authorized to provide defense articles, defense services, and training to the Government of Ukraine for the purpose of countering offensive weapons and reestablishing the sovereignty and territorial integrity of Ukraine, including anti-tank and anti-armor weapons, crew weapons and ammunition, counter-artillery radars to identify and target artillery batteries, fire control, range finder, and optical and guidance and control equipment, tactical troop-operated surveillance drones, and secure command and communications equipment, pursuant to the provisions of the Arms Export Control Act (22 U.S.C. 2751 et seq.), the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2151 et seq.), and other relevant provisions of law. (b) Report requiredNot later than 60 days after December 18, 2014, the President shall submit a report detailing the anticipated defense articles, defense services, and training to be provided pursuant to this section and a timeline for the provision of such defense articles, defense services, and training, to—(1) the Committee on Foreign Relations, the Committee on Appropriations, and the Committee on Armed Services of the Senate; and (2) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Committee on Appropriations, and the Committee on Armed Services of the House of Representatives. (c) Authorization of appropriations(1) In generalThere are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary of State $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2015, $125,000,000 for fiscal year 2016, and $125,000,000 for fiscal year 2017 to carry out activities under this section. (2) Availability of amountsAmounts authorized to be appropriated pursuant to paragraph (1) shall remain available for obligation and expenditure through the end of fiscal year 2018. (d) Authority for the use of fundsThe funds made available pursuant to subsection (c) for provision of defense articles, defense services, and training may be used to procure such articles, services, and training from the United States Government or other appropriate sources. (e) Protection of civiliansIt is the sense of Congress that the Government of Ukraine should take all appropriate steps to protect civilians.

22 U.S.C. § 8926 Expanded nonmilitary assistance for Ukraine

(a) Assistance to internally displaced people in Ukraine(1) In generalNot later than 30 days after December 18, 2014, the Secretary of State shall submit a plan, including actions by the United States Government, other governments, and international organizations, to meet the need for protection of and assistance for internally displaced persons in Ukraine, to—(A) the Committee on Foreign Relations, the Committee on Appropriations, and the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate; and (B) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Committee on Appropriations, and the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of Representatives. (2) ElementsThe plan required by paragraph (1) should include, as appropriate, activities in support of—(A) helping to establish a functional and adequately resourced central registration system in Ukraine that can ensure coordination of efforts to provide assistance to internally displaced persons in different regions; (B) encouraging adoption of legislation in Ukraine that protects internally displaced persons from discrimination based on their status and provides simplified procedures for obtaining the new residency registration or other official documentation that is a prerequisite to receiving appropriate social payments under the laws of Ukraine, such as pensions and disability, child, and unemployment benefits; and (C) helping to ensure that information is available to internally displaced persons about—(i) government agencies and independent groups that can provide assistance to such persons in various regions; and (ii) evacuation assistance available to persons seeking to flee armed conflict areas. (3) Assistance through international organizationsThe President shall instruct the United States permanent representative or executive director, as the case may be, to the relevant United Nations voluntary agencies, including the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees and the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, and other appropriate international organizations, to use the voice and vote of the United States to support appropriate assistance for internally displaced persons in Ukraine. (b) Assistance to the defense sector of UkraineThe Secretary of State and the Secretary of Defense should assist entities in the defense sector of Ukraine to reorient exports away from customers in the Russian Federation and to find appropriate alternative markets for those entities in the defense sector of Ukraine that have already significantly reduced exports to and cooperation with entities in the defense sector of the Russian Federation. (c) Assistance to address the energy crisis in Ukraine(1) Emergency energy assistance(A) Plan requiredThe Secretary of State and the Secretary of Energy, in collaboration with the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development and the Administrator of the Federal Emergency Management Agency, shall work with officials of the Government of Ukraine to develop a short-term emergency energy assistance plan designed to help Ukraine address the potentially severe short-term heating fuel and electricity shortages facing Ukraine in 2014 and 2015. (B) ElementsThe plan required by subparagraph (A) should include strategies to address heating fuel and electricity shortages in Ukraine, including, as appropriate—(i) the acquisition of short-term, emergency fuel supplies; (ii) the repair or replacement of infrastructure that could impede the transmission of electricity or transportation of fuel; (iii) the prioritization of the transportation of fuel supplies to the areas where such supplies are needed most; (iv) streamlining emergency communications throughout national, regional, and local governments to manage the potential energy crisis resulting from heating fuel and electricity shortages; (v) forming a crisis management team within the Government of Ukraine to specifically address the potential crisis, including ensuring coordination of the team’s efforts with the efforts of outside governmental and nongovernmental entities providing assistance to address the potential crisis; and (vi) developing a public outreach strategy to facilitate preparation by the population and communication with the population in the event of a crisis. (C) AssistanceThe Secretary of State, the Secretary of Energy, and the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development are authorized to provide assistance in support of, and to invest in short-term solutions for, enabling Ukraine to secure the energy safety of the people of Ukraine during 2014 and 2015, including through—(i) procurement and transport of emergency fuel supplies, including reverse pipeline flows from Europe; (ii) provision of technical assistance for crisis planning, crisis response, and public outreach; (iii) repair of infrastructure to enable the transport of fuel supplies; (iv) repair of power generating or power transmission equipment or facilities; (v) procurement and installation of compressors or other appropriate equipment to enhance short-term natural gas production; (vi) procurement of mobile electricity generation units; (vii) conversion of natural gas heating facilities to run on other fuels, including alternative energy sources; and (viii) provision of emergency weatherization and winterization materials and supplies. (2) Reduction of Ukraine’s reliance on energy imports(A) Plans requiredThe Secretary of State, in collaboration with the Secretary of Energy and the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development, shall work with officials of the Government of Ukraine to develop medium- and long-term plans to increase energy production and efficiency to increase energy security by helping Ukraine reduce its dependence on natural gas imported from the Russian Federation. (B) ElementsThe medium- and long-term plans required by subparagraph (A) should include strategies, as appropriate, to—(i) improve corporate governance and unbundling of state-owned oil and gas sector firms; (ii) increase production from natural gas fields and from other sources, including renewable energy; (iii) license new oil and gas blocks transparently and competitively; (iv) modernize oil and gas upstream infrastructure; and (v) improve energy efficiency. (C) PrioritizationThe Secretary of State, the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development, and the Secretary of Energy should, during fiscal years 2015 through 2018, work with other donors, including multilateral agencies and nongovernmental organizations, to prioritize, to the extent practicable and as appropriate, the provision of assistance from such donors to help Ukraine to improve energy efficiency, increase energy supplies produced in Ukraine, and reduce reliance on energy imports from the Russian Federation, including natural gas. (D) Authorization of appropriationsThere are authorized to be appropriated $50,000,000 in the aggregate for fiscal years 2016 through 2018 to carry out activities under this paragraph. (3) Support from the United States International Development Finance CorporationThe United States International Development Finance Corporation shall—(A) prioritize, to the extent practicable, support for investments to help increase energy efficiency, develop domestic oil and natural gas reserves, improve and repair electricity infrastructure, and develop renewable and other sources of energy in Ukraine; and (B) implement procedures for expedited review and, as appropriate, approval, of applications for loans, loan guarantees, and insurance for such investments. (4) Support by the World Bank Group and the European Bank for Reconstruction and DevelopmentThe President shall, to the extent practicable and as appropriate, direct the United States Executive Directors of the World Bank Group and the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development to use the voice, vote, and influence of the United States to encourage the World Bank Group and the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development and other international financial institutions—(A) to invest in, and increase their efforts to promote investment in, projects to improve energy efficiency, improve and repair electricity infrastructure, develop domestic oil and natural gas reserves, and develop renewable and other sources of energy in Ukraine; and (B) to stimulate private investment in such projects. (d) Assistance to civil society in Ukraine(1) In generalThe Secretary of State and the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development shall, directly or through nongovernmental or international organizations, such as the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe, the National Endowment for Democracy, and related organizations—(A) strengthen the organizational and operational capacity of democratic civil society in Ukraine; (B) support the efforts of independent media outlets to broadcast, distribute, and share information in all regions of Ukraine; (C) counter corruption and improve transparency and accountability of institutions that are part of the Government of Ukraine; and (D) provide support for democratic organizing and election monitoring in Ukraine. (2) Strategy requiredNot later than 60 days after December 18, 2014, the President shall submit a strategy to carry out the activities described in paragraph (1) to—(A) the Committee on Foreign Relations and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate; and (B) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives. (3) Authorization of appropriationsThere are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary of State $20,000,000 for fiscal year 2016 to carry out this subsection. (4) Transparency requirementsAny assistance provided pursuant to this subsection shall be conducted in as transparent of a manner as possible, consistent with the nature and goals of this subsection. The President shall provide a briefing on the activities funded by this subsection at the request of the committees specified in paragraph (2).

22 U.S.C. § 8926a Supporting the identification and recovery of abducted Ukrainian children

(a) Short titleThis section may be cited as the “Abducted Ukrainian Children Recovery and Accountability Act”. (b) FindingsCongress finds the following:(1) According to a White House press release, dated March 25, 2025, “The United States and Ukraine agreed that the United States remains committed to helping achieve the exchange of prisoners of war, the release of civilian detainees, and the return of forcibly transferred Ukrainian children.”. (2) To implement the commitment referred to in paragraph (1), the United States Government requires an organized and resourced policy approach to assist Ukraine with—(A) investigations of Russia’s abduction of Ukrainian children; (B) the rehabilitation and reintegration of children returned to Ukraine; and (C) justice and accountability for perpetrators of the abductions. (c) Authorization of technical assistance and advisory support(1) In generalThe Department of Justice and the Department of State are authorized—(A) to provide law enforcement and intelligence technical assistance, training, capacity building, and advisory support to the Government of Ukraine in support of the commitment described in subsection (b)(1); and (B) to advance the objectives described in subsection (b)(2). (2) Type of assistanceThe law enforcement and intelligence technical assistance authorized under paragraph (1)(A) may include—(A) training regarding the utilization of biometric identification technologies in abduction and trafficking in persons investigations; (B) assistance with respect to collecting and analyzing open source intelligence information; (C) assistance in the development and use of secure communications technologies; and (D) assistance with respect to managing and securing relevant databases. (3) ReportsNot later than 30 days after the determination to provide assistance in any category identified in this subsection, the Secretary of State shall brief the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate and the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives on—(A) the amount of assistance determined to be obligated; (B) the type of assistance to be utilized; and (C) any information on the technology operationalized to support the means identified in this subsection. (d) Coordination(1) Nongovernmental organizationsThe Department of Justice and the Department of State may coordinate with nongovernmental organizations to carry out the assistance authorized under subsection (c). (2) Federal agenciesThe National Security Council may coordinate with appropriate representatives from the Department of Justice, the Department of State, the intelligence community (as defined in section 3003 of title 50), and other Federal agencies, as needed, to carry out the assistance authorized under subsection (c). (e) Rehabilitation and reintegration(1) Authorization of assistanceThe Secretary of State is authorized to provide support to the Government of Ukraine and nongovernmental organizations and local civil society groups in Ukraine for the purpose of providing Ukrainian children (including teenagers) who have been abducted, forcibly transferred, or held against their will by the Russian Federation with—(A) medical and psychological rehabilitation services; (B) family reunification and support services; and (C) services in support of the reintegration of such children into Ukrainian society, including case management, legal aid, and educational screening and placement. (2) ReportNot later than 60 days after December 18, 2025, the Secretary of State shall submit a report to the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate and the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives that describes all current or planned foreign assistance programs that will provide the assistance authorized under paragraph (1). (f) Atrocity Crimes Advisory Group for UkraineThe Department of State is authorized to support the Atrocity Crimes Advisory Group for Ukraine by providing technical assistance, capacity building, and advisory support to the Government of Ukraine’s Office of the Prosecutor General, and other relevant components of the Government of Ukraine, for the purpose of investigating and prosecuting cases involving abducted children, and other atrocity crimes. (g) Department of JusticeThe Department of Justice is authorized to provide technical assistance, capacity building, and advisory support to the Government of Ukraine through its Office of Overseas Prosecutorial Development, Assistance, and Training, which shall be coordinated by the Resident Legal Adviser at the United States Embassy in Kyiv, for the purpose of investigating and prosecuting cases involving abducted children, and other atrocity crimes. (h) ReportsNot later than 60 days after December 18, 2025—(1) the Secretary of State, in coordination with the Attorney General, shall submit a report to the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate, the Committee on the Judiciary of the Senate, the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives, and the Committee on the Judiciary of the House of Representatives that describes current and planned United States Government support for the Government of Ukraine’s work to investigate and prosecute atrocity crimes; and (2) the Secretary of State, in coordination with the Secretary of the Treasury, shall submit a report to the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate, the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate, the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives, and the Committee on Financial Services of the House of Representatives that outlines—(A) any discrepancies between the sanctions regimes of the United States, the United Kingdom, and the European Union with respect to those responsible for the abduction of Ukrainian children; and (B) efforts made by the United States Government to better align such sanction regimes.

22 U.S.C. § 8927 Expanded broadcasting in countries of the former Soviet Union

(a) In generalNot later than 90 days after December 18, 2014, the Chairman of the Broadcasting Board of Governors shall submit to Congress a plan, including a cost estimate, for immediately and substantially increasing, and maintaining through fiscal year 2017, the quantity of Russian-language broadcasting into the countries of the former Soviet Union funded by the United States in order to counter Russian Federation propaganda. (b) Prioritization of broadcasting into Ukraine, Georgia, and MoldovaThe plan required by subsection (a) shall prioritize broadcasting into Ukraine, Georgia, and Moldova by the Voice of America and Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. (c) Additional prioritiesIn developing the plan required by subsection (a), the Chairman shall consider—(1) near-term increases in Russian-language broadcasting for countries of the former Soviet Union (other than the countries specified in subsection (b)), including Latvia, Lithuania, and Estonia; and (2) increases in broadcasting in other critical languages, including Ukrainian and Romanian languages. (d) Broadcasting definedIn this section, the term “broadcasting” means the distribution of media content via radio broadcasting, television broadcasting, and Internet-based platforms, among other platforms. (e) Authorization of appropriations(1) In generalThere are authorized to be appropriated to the Broadcasting Board of Governors $10,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2016 through 2018 to carry out activities under this section. (2) Supplement not supplantAmounts authorized to be appropriated pursuant to paragraph (1) shall supplement and not supplant other amounts made available for activities described in this section.

22 U.S.C. § 8928 Support for Russian democracy and civil society organizations

(a) In generalThe Secretary of State shall, directly or through nongovernmental or international organizations, such as the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe, the National Endowment for Democracy, and related organizations—(1) improve democratic governance, transparency, accountability, rule of law, and anti-corruption efforts in the Russian Federation; (2) strengthen democratic institutions and political and civil society organizations in the Russian Federation; (3) expand uncensored Internet access in the Russian Federation; and (4) expand free and unfettered access to independent media of all kinds in the Russian Federation, including through increasing United States Government-supported broadcasting activities, and assist with the protection of journalists and civil society activists who have been targeted for free speech activities. (b) Authorization of appropriationsThere are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary of State $20,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2016 through 2018 to carry out the activities set forth in subsection (a). (c) Strategy requirementNot later than 60 days after December 18, 2014, the President shall submit a strategy to carry out the activities set forth in subsection (a) to—(1) the Committee on Foreign Relations and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate; and (2) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives. (d) Transparency requirementsAny assistance provided pursuant to this section shall be conducted in as transparent of a manner as possible, consistent with the nature and goals of this section. The President shall provide a briefing on the activities funded by this section at the request of the committees specified in subsection (c).

22 U.S.C. § 8929 Report on non-compliance by the Russian Federation of its obligations under the INF Treaty

(a) FindingsCongress makes the following findings:(1) The Russian Federation is in violation of its obligations under the Treaty between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on the Elimination of Their Intermediate-Range and Shorter-Range Missiles, signed at Washington December 8, 1987, and entered into force June 1, 1988 (commonly referred to as the “Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty” or “INF Treaty”). (2) This behavior poses a threat to the United States, its deployed forces, and its allies. (b) Sense of CongressIt is the sense of Congress that—(1) the President should hold the Russian Federation accountable for being in violation of its obligations under the INF Treaty; and (2) the President should demand the Russian Federation completely and verifiably eliminate the military systems that constitute the violation of its obligations under the INF Treaty. (c) Report(1) In generalNot later than 90 days after December 18, 2014, and every 90 days thereafter, the President shall submit to the committees specified in subsection (d) a report that includes the following elements:(A) A description of the status of the President’s efforts, in cooperation with United States allies, to hold the Russian Federation accountable for being in violation of its obligations under the INF Treaty and obtain the complete and verifiable elimination of its military systems that constitute the violation of its obligations under the INF Treaty. (B) The President’s assessment as to whether it remains in the national security interests of the United States to remain a party to the INF Treaty, and other related treaties and agreements, while the Russian Federation is in violation of its obligations under the INF Treaty. (C) Notification of any deployment by the Russian Federation of a ground launched ballistic or cruise missile system with a range of between 500 and 5,500 kilometers. (D) A plan developed by the Secretary of State, in consultation with the Director of National Intelligence and the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA), to verify that the Russian Federation has fully and completely dismantled any ground launched cruise missiles or ballistic missiles with a range of between 500 and 5,500 kilometers, including details on facilities that inspectors need access to, people inspectors need to talk with, how often inspectors need the accesses for, and how much the verification regime would cost. (2) FormThe report required under paragraph (1) shall be submitted in unclassified form but may contain a classified annex. (3) SunsetThe reporting requirement under paragraph (1) shall be in effect so long as the INF Treaty remains in force. (d) Committees specifiedThe committees specified in this subsection are—(1) the Committee on Foreign Relations, the Committee on Armed Services, and the Select Committee on Intelligence of the Senate; and (2) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Committee on Armed Services, and the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence of the House of Representatives.

22 U.S.C. § 8930 Rule of construction

Nothing in this chapter shall be construed as an authorization for the use of military force.