USC Subchapter VII

in effect

10 U.S.C. § 381 Consolidated budget

(a) Consolidated Budget.—The budget of the President for each fiscal year, as submitted to Congress by the President pursuant to section 1105 of title 31, shall set forth by budget function and as a separate item the amounts requested for the Department of Defense for such fiscal year for all security cooperation programs and activities of the Department of Defense, including the military departments, to be conducted in such fiscal year, including the specific country or region and the applicable authority, to the extent practicable. (b) Semiannual Report on Use of Funds.—The Secretary shall submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a report on the obligation and expenditure of funds for security cooperation programs and activities of the Department of Defense—(1) by not later than August 31 of each year, for the first six-month period of that year; and (2) by not later than February 28 of each year, for the second six-month period of the preceding year.

10 U.S.C. § 382 Execution and administration of programs and activities

(a) Policy Oversight and Resource Allocation.—The Secretary of Defense shall assign responsibility for the oversight of strategic policy and guidance and responsibility for overall resource allocation for security cooperation programs and activities of the Department of Defense to a single official and office in the Office of the Secretary of Defense at the level of Under Secretary of Defense or below. (b) Execution and Administration of Certain Programs and Activities.—(1) In general.—The Director of the Defense Security Cooperation Agency shall be responsible for the execution and administration of all security cooperation programs and activities of the Department of Defense involving the provision of defense articles, military training, and other defense-related services by grant, loan, cash sale, or lease. (2) Designation of responsibility.—The Director may designate an element of an armed force, combatant command, Defense Agency, Department of Defense Field Activity, or other element or organization of the Department of Defense to execute and administer security cooperation programs and activities described in paragraph (1) if the Director determines that the designation will achieve maximum effectiveness, efficiency, and economy in the activities for which designated. (c) Availability of Funds.—(1) In general.—Funds available to the Defense Security Cooperation Agency, and other funds available to the Department of Defense for security cooperation programs and activities of the Department of Defense, may be used to implement security cooperation programs and activities of the Department of Defense authorized by this chapter. (2) Budget justification.—Funds necessary for implementing security cooperation programs and activities of the Department of Defense under this chapter for a fiscal year shall be identified, with appropriate justification, in the consolidated budget for such fiscal year required by section 381 of this title.

10 U.S.C. § 383 Assessment, monitoring, and evaluation of programs and activities

(a) Program Required.—The Secretary of Defense shall maintain a program of assessment, monitoring, and evaluation in support of the security cooperation programs and activities of the Department of Defense. (b) Program Elements and Requirements.—(1) Elements.—The program under subsection (a) shall provide for the following:(A) Initial assessments of partner capability requirements, potential programmatic risks, baseline information, and indicators of efficacy for purposes of planning, monitoring, and evaluation of security cooperation programs and activities of the Department of Defense. (B) Monitoring of implementation of such programs and activities in order to measure progress in execution and, to the extent possible, achievement of desired outcomes. (C) Evaluation of the efficiency and effectiveness of such programs and activities in achieving desired outcomes. (D) Identification of lessons learned in carrying out such programs and activities, and development of recommendation for improving future security cooperation programs and activities of the Department of Defense. (E) Incorporation of lessons learned from prior security cooperation programs and activities of the Department of Defense that were carried out any time on or after September 11, 2001. (2) Best practices.—The program shall be conducted in accordance with international best practices, interagency standards, and, if applicable, the Government Performance and Results Act of 1993 (Public Law 103–62), and the amendments made by that Act, and the GPRA Modernization Act of 2010 (Public Law 111–352), and the amendments made by that Act. (c) Availability of Funds.—(1) In general.—Funds available to the Defense Security Cooperation Agency, and other funds available to the Department of Defense for security cooperation programs and activities of the Department of Defense, may be used to carry out the program required by subsection (a). (2) Budget justification.—Funds described in paragraph (1) for a fiscal year shall be identified, with appropriate justification, in the consolidated budget for such fiscal year required by section 381 of this title. (d) Reports.—(1) Reports to congress.—The Secretary shall submit to the congressional defense committees each year a report on the program under subsection (a) during the previous year. Each report shall include, for the year covered by such report, the following:(A) A description of the activities under the program. (B) An evaluation of the lessons learned, including a description of challenges in executing the program, and best practices identified through activities under the program. (2) Information for the public on evaluations.—The Secretary shall make available to the public, on an Internet website of the Department of Defense available to the public, a summary of each evaluation conducted pursuant to subsection (b)(1)(C). In making a summary so available, the Secretary may redact or omit any information that the Secretary determines should not be disclosed to the public in order to protect the interest of the United States or the foreign country or countries covered by such evaluation.

10 U.S.C. § 384 Department of Defense security cooperation workforce development

(a) Program Required.—The Secretary of Defense shall carry out a program to be known as the “Department of Defense Security Cooperation Workforce Development Program” (in this section referred to as the “Program”) to oversee the development and management of a professional workforce supporting security cooperation programs and activities of the Department of Defense, including—(1) assessment, planning, monitoring, execution, evaluation, and administration of such programs and activities under this chapter; and (2) execution of security assistance programs and activities under the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 and the Arms Export Control Act by the Department of Defense. (b) Purpose.—The purpose of the Program is to improve the quality and professionalism of the security cooperation workforce in order to ensure that the workforce—(1) has the capacity, in both personnel and skills, needed to properly perform its mission, provide appropriate support to the assessment, planning, monitoring, execution, evaluation, and administration of security cooperation programs and activities described in subsection (a), and ensure that the Department receives the best value for the expenditure of public resources on such programs and activities; and (2) is assigned in a manner that ensures personnel with the appropriate level of expertise and experience are assigned in sufficient numbers to fulfill requirements for the security cooperation programs and activities of the Department of Defense and the execution of security assistance programs and activities described in subsection (a)(2). (c) Elements.—The Program shall consist of elements relating to the development and management of the security cooperation workforce for the purposes specified in subsection (b), including the following elements on training, certification, assignment, career development, and tracking of personnel of the security cooperation workforce:(1) Establishment of a comprehensive system to track and account for all Department of Defense personnel in the security cooperation workforce, using systems of record in the military departments, the Office of the Secretary of Defense, the combatant commands, Defense Agencies, Department of Defense Field Activities, and the National Guard. (2) Establishment of a management information system, pursuant to regulations prescribed by the Secretary of Defense, acting through the Under Secretary of Defense for Policy and the Director of the Defense Security Cooperation Agency, to ensure that all organizations and elements of the Department provide standardized information and data to the Secretary on persons serving in security cooperation positions. Such management information system shall, at a minimum, provide for the collection and retention of information concerning the qualification, assignments, and tenure of persons in the security cooperation workforce. (3) Implementation and management of the security cooperation human capital initiative under subsection (e). (4) Establishment of a defense security cooperation service, pursuant to regulations prescribed by the Secretary of Defense, acting through the Under Secretary of Defense for Policy and the Director of the Defense Security Cooperation Agency, to ensure that security cooperation organizations of the United States located at overseas missions possess the requisite personnel, and that such personnel possess the skills needed, to properly perform their missions, which shall include—(A) members of the armed forces and civilians assigned to security cooperation organizations of United States missions overseas who are performing security cooperation functions, regardless of funding source; and (B) personnel of the Department of Defense performing functions in furtherance of section 515 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2321i). (5) Such other elements as the Secretary of Defense determines appropriate. (d) Management.—(1) In general.—The Program shall be managed by the Director of the Defense Security Cooperation Agency. (2) Managing entity.—(A) Designation.—The Secretary of Defense, acting through the Under Secretary of Defense for Policy and the Director of the Defense Security Cooperation Agency, shall designate the Defense Security Cooperation University to serve as the lead entity for managing the implementation of the Program. (B) Duties.—The Defense Security Cooperation University shall carry out the management and implementation of the Program, consistent with objectives formulated by the Secretary of Defense, which shall include the following:(i) Providing for comprehensive tracking of and accounting for all Department of Defense employees engaged in the security cooperation enterprise. (ii) Providing training requirements specified at the requisite proficiency levels for each position. (C) Reporting.—The Secretary of Defense shall ensure that, not less frequently than semi-annually, each military department, the Office of the Secretary of Defense, and each combatant command, Defense Agency, Department of Defense Field Activity, and unit of the National Guard submits to the Defense Security Cooperation University a formal manpower document as determined by the Director of the Defense Security Cooperation Agency that—(i) lists each position in the security cooperation workforce of the organization concerned as determined by the Director of the Defense Security Cooperation Agency; and (ii) uniquely codes every position within component manpower systems for the security cooperation workforce for the management and career development of the security cooperation workforce, as determined by the Director of the Defense Security Cooperation Agency. (3) Security cooperation workforce management information system.—The Secretary of Defense, acting through the Director of the Defense Security Cooperation Agency, shall prescribe regulations to ensure that each military department, the Office of the Secretary of Defense, and each combatant command, Defense Agency, Department of Defense Field Activity, and unit of the National Guard provides standardized information and data to the Secretary on persons serving in positions within the security cooperation workforce. (e) Security Cooperation Human Capital Initiative.—(1) In general.—The Secretary shall implement a security cooperation human capital initiative within the Defense Security Cooperation University to identify, account for, and manage the career progression of personnel in the security cooperation workforce. (2) Elements.—The security cooperation human capital initiative shall do the following:(A) Provide direction to the Department of Defense on the establishment of professional career paths for the personnel of the security cooperation workforce, addressing training and education standards, promotion opportunities and requirements, retention policies, and scope of workforce demands. (B) Provide for a mechanism to identify and define training and certification requirements for security cooperation positions in the Department and a means to track workforce skills and certifications. (C) Provide for a mechanism to establish a program of professional certification in Department of Defense security cooperation for personnel of the security cooperation workforce in different career tracks and levels of competency based on requisite training and experience. (D) Establish requirements for training and professional development associated with each level of certification provided for under subparagraph (C). (E) Provide for a mechanism for assigning appropriately certified personnel of the security cooperation workforce to assignments associated with key positions in connection with security cooperation programs and activities. (F) Identify the appropriate composition of career and temporary personnel necessary to constitute the security cooperation workforce. (G) Identify specific positions throughout the security cooperation workforce to be managed and assigned through the Program. (H) Identify career paths that provide a competency-based road map for security cooperation employees to aid in their career planning and professional development. (I) Develop a competency-based approach to the security cooperation workforce that enables components of the Department of Defense to incorporate competencies in recruitment and retention tools such as job analysis, position descriptions, vacancy announcements, selection assessment questionnaires, and employee training and development plans. (J) Align with the Department of Defense and Defense Security Cooperation Agency strategic planning, budget process, performance management goals, and metrics to ensure the appropriate workforce mix and skill sets to accomplish the security cooperation mission. (K) Include assessment measures intended to assess progress in implementing the security cooperation workforce using results-oriented performance measures. (f) Foreign Military Sales Center of Excellence.—(1) Establishment.—The Secretary of Defense shall direct an educational institution of the Department of Defense with the requisite expertise in foreign military sales and in education, training, research, and analysis of the security cooperation workforce within the Department of Defense to serve as a Foreign Military Sales Center of Excellence to improve the training and education of personnel engaged in foreign military sales planning and execution. (2) Objectives.—The objectives of the Foreign Military Sales Center of Excellence shall include—(A) conducting research on and promoting best practices for ensuring that foreign military sales are timely and effective; and (B) enhancing existing curricula for the purpose of ensuring that the foreign military sales workforce is fully trained and prepared to execute the foreign military sales program. (g) Defense Security Cooperation University.—(1) Charter.—The Secretary of Defense shall develop and promulgate a charter for the operation of the Defense Security Cooperation University. (2) Mission.—The charter required by paragraph (1) shall set forth the mission, and associated structures and organizations, of the Defense Security Cooperation University, which shall include—(A) management and implementation of international military training and education security cooperation programs and authorities executed by the Department of Defense; (B) management and provision of institutional capacity-building services executed by the Department of Defense; and (C) advancement of the profession of security cooperation through research, data collection, analysis, publication, and learning. (3) Cooperative research and development arrangements.—(A) In general.—In engaging in research and development projects pursuant to subsection (a) of section 4001 of this title by a contract, cooperative agreement, or grant pursuant to subsection (b)(1) of such section, the Secretary of Defense may enter into such contract or cooperative agreement, or award such grant, through the Defense Security Cooperation University. (B) Treatment as government-operated federal laboratory.—The Defense Security Cooperation University shall be considered a Government-operated Federal laboratory for purposes of section 12 of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3710a). (4) Acceptance of research grants.—(A) In general.—The Secretary of Defense, through the Under Secretary of Defense for Policy, may authorize the President of the Defense Security Cooperation University to accept qualifying research grants. Any such grant may only be accepted if the work under the grant is to be carried out by a professor or instructor of the Defense Security Cooperation University for a scientific, literary, or educational purpose. (B) Qualifying grants.—A qualifying research grant under this paragraph is a grant that is awarded on a competitive basis by an entity described in subparagraph (C) for a research project with a scientific, literary, or educational purpose. (C) Entities from which grants may be accepted.—A grant may be accepted under this paragraph only from a corporation, fund, foundation, educational institution, or similar entity that is organized and operated primarily for scientific, literary, or educational purposes. (D) Administration of grant funds.—The Director of the Defense Security Cooperation Agency shall establish an account for administering funds received as research grants under this section. The President of the Defense Security Cooperation University shall use the funds in the account in accordance with applicable provisions of the regulations and the terms and condition of the grants received. (E) Related expenses.—Subject to such limitations as may be provided in appropriations Acts, appropriations available for the Defense Security Cooperation University may be used to pay expenses incurred by the Defense Security Cooperation University in applying for, and otherwise pursuing, the award of qualifying research grants. (F) Regulations.—The Secretary of Defense, through the Under Secretary of Defense for Policy, shall prescribe regulations for the administration of this subsection. (h) Source of Funds.—(1) In general.—Funds available to the Defense Security Cooperation Agency, and other funds available to the Department of Defense for security cooperation programs and activities of the Department of Defense, may be used to carry out the Program. (2) Budget justification.—Funds necessary to carry out the Program as described in paragraph (1) for a fiscal year shall be identified, with appropriate justification, in the consolidated budget for such fiscal year required by section 381 of this title. (i) Use of Funds.—Amounts available for use for the Program may be transferred to any account of the military departments or the Defense Agencies for purposes of the Program. (j) Security Cooperation Workforce Defined.—In this section, the term “security cooperation workforce” means the following:(1) Members of the armed forces and civilian employees of the Department of Defense working in the security cooperation organizations of United States missions overseas. (2) Members of the armed forces and civilian employees of the Department of Defense in the geographic combatant commands and functional combatant commands responsible for planning, monitoring, or conducting security cooperation activities. (3) Members of the armed forces and civilian employees of the Department of Defense in the military departments performing security cooperation activities, including activities in connection with the acquisition and development of technology release policies. (4) Other military and civilian personnel of Defense Agencies and Field Activities who perform security cooperation activities. (5) Personnel of the Department of Defense who perform assessments, monitoring, or evaluations of security cooperation programs and activities of the Department of Defense, including assessments under section 383 of this title. (6) Other members of the armed forces or civilian employees of the Department of Defense who contribute significantly to the security cooperation programs and activities of the Department of Defense by virtue of their assigned duties, as determined pursuant to the security cooperation human capital initiative under subsection (e). (k) Report on Security Cooperation Workforce.—(1) In general.—Not later than 2 years after the date of the enactment of this subsection, and not less frequently than once every 2 years thereafter, the Secretary of Defense shall submit to the Committees on Armed Services of the Senate and the House of Representatives a report on the Department of Defense security cooperation workforce. (2) Elements.—Each report under paragraph (1) shall—(A) identify current and projected security cooperation workforce manpower requirements, including expeditionary requirements within the context of total force planning, needed to meet the security cooperation mission; (B) identify critical skill gaps (such as recruitment in the existing or projected workforce) and development of strategies to manage the security cooperation workforce to address those gaps; (C) address development, validation, implementation, and assessment of security cooperation workforce and Department-wide competencies for security cooperation and associated occupational series using the Department taxonomy; (D) produce a comparison between competency proficiency levels against target proficiency levels at enterprise and individual levels to identify competency gaps and gap closure strategies, for competencies needed at the time of the report and in the future; (E) identify any exceptions and waivers granted with respect to the application of qualification, assignment, and tenure policies, procedures, and practices to persons, billets or positions; (F) indicate relative promotion rates for security cooperation workforce personnel; (G) identify the funds requested or allocated for the Department of Defense security cooperation workforce and address whether such funds are sufficient to—(i) address the critical skill gaps identified pursuant to subparagraph (B); and (ii) provide incentives to recruit and retain high-quality personnel in the security cooperation workforce; and (H) include any other matters the Secretary of Defense determines appropriate. (l) Comptroller General Evaluation.—(1) In general.—The Comptroller General of the United States shall conduct an independent evaluation of the actions taken by the Secretary of Defense to carry out the requirements of this section. (2) Report.—Not later than 2 years after the date of the enactment of this subsection, the Comptroller General shall submit to the Committees on Armed Services of the Senate and House of Representatives a report on the evaluation conducted under paragraph (1). Such report shall include—(A) an analysis of the effectiveness of the actions taken by the Secretary to carry out the requirements of this section; and (B) such legislative and administrative recommendations as the Comptroller General considers appropriate to meet the objectives of this section.

10 U.S.C. § 385 Department of Defense support for other departments and agencies of the United States Government that advance Department of Defense security cooperation objectives

(a) Support Authorized.—Subject to subsection (c), the Secretary of Defense is authorized to support other departments and agencies of the United States Government for the purpose of implementing or supporting foreign assistance programs and activities described in subsection (b) that advance security cooperation objectives of the Department of Defense. (b) Foreign Assistance Programs and Activities.—The foreign assistance programs and activities described in this subsection are foreign assistance programs and activities that—(1) are necessary for the effectiveness of one or more programs of the Department of Defense relating to security cooperation conducted pursuant to an authority in this chapter; and (2) cannot be carried out by the Department. (c) Annual Limitation on Amount of Support.—The amount of support provided pursuant to subsection (a) in any fiscal year may not exceed $75,000,000. (d) Notice and Wait.—If a determination is made to transfer funds in connection with the provision of support pursuant to subsection (a) for a program or activity, the transfer may not occur until—(1) the Secretary and the head of the department or agency to receive the funds jointly submit to the congressional defense committees a notice on the transfer, which notice shall include—(A) a detailed description of the purpose and estimated cost of such program or activity; (B) a detailed description of the security cooperation objectives of the Department, including the theater campaign plan of the combatant command concerned, that will be advanced; (C) a justification why such program or activity will advance such objectives; (D) a justification why such program or activity cannot be carried out by the Department; (E) an identification of any funds programmed or obligated by the department or agency other than the Department on such program or activity; and (F) a timeline for the provision of such support; and (2) a period of 30 days elapses after the date of the submittal of the notice pursuant to paragraph (1).

10 U.S.C. § 386 Annual report

(a) Annual Report Required.—Not later than March 31 of each year, the Secretary of Defense shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report that sets forth, on a country-by-country basis, an overview of security cooperation activities carried out by the Department of Defense during the fiscal year in which such report is submitted, using the authorities specified in subsection (b). (b) Elements of Report.—Each report required under subsection (a) shall include, with respect to each country and for the entirety of the period covered by such report, the following:(1) A narrative summary that provides—(A) a brief overview of the primary security cooperation objectives for the activities encompassed by the report; and (B) a description of how such activities advance the theater security cooperation strategy of the relevant geographic combatant command. (2) A table that includes an aggregated amount with respect to each of the following:(A) With respect to section 331 of this title, the value of all logistic support, supplies, and services for which notice is required by such section. (B) With respect to amounts made available for section 332(a) of this title, the Department of Defense cost to provide any Department personnel as advisors to a ministry of defense. (C) With respect to amounts made available for section 332(b) of this title, the Department of Defense incremental execution costs to conduct activities under such section. (D) With respect to section 333 of this title, the value of all programs for which notice is required by such section. (E) With respect to section 335 of this title, the total Department of Defense costs to fund expenses to attend training provided by the Government of Colombia that began during the period of the report. (F) With respect to amounts made available for section 341 of this title, the Department of Defense manpower and travel costs to conduct bilateral state partnership program engagements with the partner country. (G) With respect to amounts made available for section 342 of this title, the Department of Defense-funded, foreign-partner travel costs to attend a regional center activity that began during the period of the report. (H) With respect to amounts made available for section 345 of this title, the estimated Department of Defense execution cost to complete all training that began during the period of the report. (I) With respect to amounts made available for section 2561 of this title, the planned execution cost of completing humanitarian assistance activities for the partner country that were approved for the period of the report. (3) A table that includes aggregated totals for each of the following:(A) Pursuant to section 311 of this title, the number of personnel from a partner country assigned to a Department of Defense organization. (B) The number of new programs carried out during the period of the report that required notice under section 331 of this title. (C) Pursuant to section 332(a) of this title, the number of Department of Defense personnel assigned as advisors to a ministry of defense. (D) Pursuant to section 332(b) of this title, the number of activities conducted by the Department of Defense. (E) The number of new programs carried out during the period of the report that required notice under section 333 of this title. (F) With respect to section 335 of this title, the number of partner country officials who participated in training provided by the Government of Colombia that began during the period of the report. (G) With respect to section 341 of this title, the number of Department of Defense bilateral state partnership program engagements with the partner country that began during the period of the report. (H) With respect to section 342 of this title, the number of partner country officials who participated in regional center activity that began during the period of the report. (I) Pursuant to the authorities under sections 343, 345, 348, 349, 350 and 352 of this title, the total number of partner country personnel who began training during the period of the report. (J) Pursuant to section 347 of this title, the number of cadets from the partner country that were enrolled in the Service Academies during the period of the report. (K) Pursuant to amounts made available to carry out section 2561 of this title, the number of new humanitarian assistance projects funded through the Overseas Humanitarian Disaster and Civic Aid account that were approved during the period of the required report. (4) A table that includes the following:(A) For each person from the partner country assigned to a Department of Defense organization pursuant to section 311 of this title—(i) whether the person is a member of the armed forces or a civilian; (ii) the rank of the person (if applicable); and (iii) the component of the Department of Defense and location to which such person is assigned. (B) With respect to each civilian employee of the Department of Defense or member of the armed forces that was assigned, pursuant to section 332(a) of this title, as an advisor to a ministry of defense during the period of the report, a description of the object of the Department of Defense for such support and the name of the ministry or regional organization to which the employee or member was assigned. (C) With respect to each activity commenced under section 332(b) of this title during the period of the report—(i) the name of the supported ministry or regional organization; (ii) the component of the Department of Defense that conducted the activity; (iii) the duration of the activity; and (iv) a description of the objective of the activity. (D) For each program that required notice to Congress under section 333 of this title during the period of the report—(i) the units of the national security forces of the foreign country to which assistance was provided; (ii) the type of operation capability assisted; (iii) a description of the nature of the assistance being provided; and (iv) the estimated cost included in the notice provided for such assistance. (E) With respect to each Government of Colombia training activity which included Department of Defense funded participants under section 335 of this title that commenced during the period of the report—(i) the units of the defense personnel of the friendly foreign country to which the Department of Defense funded assistance was provided; (ii) the units of the Government of Colombia that conducted the training activity; (iii) the duration of the training activity provided by the Government of Colombia; and (iv) a description of the objective of the training activity provided by the Government of Colombia. (F) With respect to each activity commenced under section 341 of this title during the period of the report—(i) a description of the activity; (ii) the duration of the activity; (iii) the number of participating members of the National Guard; and (iv) the number of participating personnel of foreign country. (G) With respect to each activity of a Regional Center for Security Studies commenced under section 342 of this title during the period of the report—(i) a description of the activity; (ii) the name of the Regional Center that sponsored the activity; (iii) the location and duration of the training; and (iv) the number of officials from the foreign country who participated the activity. (H) With respect to each training event that commenced under section 343, 345, 348, 349, 350, or 352 of this title during the period of the report—(i) a description of the training; (ii) the location and duration of the training; and (iii) the number of personnel of the foreign country trained. (I) With respect to each new project approved under section 2561 of this title during the period of the report and funded through the Overseas Humanitarian Disaster and Civic Aid account—(i) the title of the project; (ii) a description of the assistance to be provided; and (iii) the anticipated costs to provide such assistance.