County Powers and Functions

C.R.S. tit. 30, art. 11
in effect

C.R.S. § 30-11-101 Powers of counties

30-11-101. Powers of counties. (1) Each organized county within the state is a body corporate and politic and as such is empowered for the following purposes: (a) To sue and be sued; (b) To purchase and hold real and personal property for the use of the county, and acquire lands sold for taxes, as provided by law; (c) To sell, convey, or exchange any real or personal property owned by the county and make such order respecting the same as may be deemed conducive to the interests of the inhabitants; and to lease any real or personal property, either as lessor or lessee, together with any facilities thereon, when deemed by the board of county commissioners to be in the best interests of the county and its inhabitants; (d) To make all contracts and do all other acts in relation to the property and concerns necessary to the exercise of its corporate or administrative powers. Any such contract may by its terms exceed one year and shall be binding upon the parties thereto as to all of its rights, duties, and obligations. (e) To exercise such other and further powers as may be especially conferred by law; (f) To develop, maintain, and operate mass transportation systems, which power shall be vested either individually in the board of county commissioners or jointly with other political subdivisions or governmental entities formed pursuant to the provisions of part 2 of article 1 of title 29, C.R.S. Except as provided in paragraph (j) of this subsection (1), this provision shall not apply to any county or portion thereof encompassed by the regional transportation district as formed pursuant to the provisions of article 9 of title 32, C.R.S. Counties, by ordinance adopted, administered, and enforced in accordance with part 4 of article 15 of this title, shall have the authority: To fix, maintain, and revise passenger fees, rates, and charges, and terms and conditions for such systems; to prescribe the method of development, maintenance, and operation of such mass transportation systems; and to receive contributions, gifts, or other support from public and private entities to defray the operating costs of such systems. (g) To provide for the payment of construction, installation, operation, and maintenance of street lighting by ordinance adopted, administered, and enforced in accordance with part 4 of article 15 of this title and to assess, either in whole or in part, the cost of constructing, installing, operating, and maintaining such street lighting against the property in the vicinity of such street lighting in proportion to the frontage of the property abutting the road, street, or alley where such street lighting is so constructed, installed, operated, and maintained; (h) To enter into contracts with the executive director of the department of corrections pursuant to section 16-11-308.5, C.R.S., for the placement of persons under the custody of the executive director in county jails or adult detention centers; (i) To dispose of abandoned personal property acquired by an elected county official or county employee in performing official duties. Said personal property may be disposed of only after the exercise of due diligence to determine the owner of such personal property. Such personal property may be sold, discarded, or used for county purposes as the board of county commissioners deems to be in the best interests of the county. (j) For any county located in whole or in part within the boundaries of the regional transportation district, to provide transit services in cooperation with and pursuant to consultation with the board of directors of the district. For purposes of this paragraph (j), "county" means any county or city and county. as the board of county commissioners deems to be in the best interests of the county. (j) For any county located in whole or in part within the boundaries of the regional transportation district, to provide transit services in cooperation with and pursuant to consultation with the board of directors of the district. For purposes of this paragraph (j), "county" means any county or city and county. (k) To coordinate, pursuant to 43 U.S.C. sec. 1712, the "National Environmental Policy Act of 1969", 42 U.S.C. sec. 4321 et seq., 40 U.S.C. sec. 3312, 16 U.S.C. sec. 530, 16 U.S.C. sec. 1604, and 40 CFR parts 1500 to 1508, with the United States secretary of the interior and the United States secretary of agriculture to develop land management plans that address hazardous fuel removal and other forest management practices, water development and conservation measures, watershed protection, the protection of air quality, public utilities protection, and private property protection on federal lands within such county's jurisdiction; (l) To conduct or participate in forest health projects as defined in section 37-95-103 (4.9) within and outside the boundaries of the county. (2) Counties have the authority to adopt and enforce ordinances and resolutions regarding health, safety, and welfare issues as otherwise prescribed by law. In addition to any other enforcement or collection method authorized by law, if a county passes an ordinance or resolution of which a violation would be a class 2 petty offense, the county may elect to apply the penalty assessment procedure set forth in section 16-2-201, C.R.S., and may adopt a graduated fine schedule for multiple offenses. If a specified offense would be an unclassified misdemeanor, a county may elect to downgrade the offense to a class 2 petty offense and apply the penalty assessment procedure under circumstances deemed appropriate and prescribed by the county in an ordinance or resolution.

C.R.S. § 30-11-102 Property of county

30-11-102. Property of county. Any real or personal property conveyed to any county shall be deemed the property of such county.

C.R.S. § 30-11-103 Commissioners to exercise powers of county

30-11-103. Commissioners to exercise powers of county. The powers of a county as a body politic and corporate shall be exercised by a board of county commissioners therefor.

C.R.S. § 30-11-103.5 County petitions and referred measures

30-11-103.5. County petitions and referred measures. The procedures for placing an issue or question on the ballot by a petition of the electors of a county that is pursuant to statute or the state constitution or that a board of county commissioners may refer to a vote of the electors pursuant to statute or the state constitution shall, to the extent no such procedures are prescribed by statute, charter, or the state constitution, follow as nearly as practicable the procedures for municipal initiatives and referred measures under part 1 of article 11 of title 31, C.R.S. The county clerk and recorder shall resolve any questions about the applicability of the procedures in part 1 of article 11 of title 31, C.R.S.

C.R.S. § 30-11-104 County buildings - acquisition of land or buildings by eminent domain authorized

30-11-104. County buildings - acquisition of land or buildings by eminent domain authorized. (1) (a) Each county, at its own expense, shall provide a suitable courthouse, a sufficient jail, and other necessary county buildings and keep them in repair. (b) For any penal institution that begins operations on or after August 30, 1999, that is operated by or under contract with a county, the county may establish standards relating to space requirements, furnishing requirements, required special use areas or special management housing, and environmental condition requirements, including but not limited to standards pertaining to light, ventilation, temperature, and noise level. If a county does not adopt standards pursuant to this paragraph (b), the penal institution operated by or under contract with the county shall be subject to the standards adopted by the department of public health and environment pursuant to section 25-1.5-101 (1)(i), C.R.S. In establishing such standards, the county is strongly encouraged to consult with national associations that specialize in policies relating to correctional institutions. (2) Each county has the power to acquire, by eminent domain, land or buildings, or both, for the provision of court and district attorney facilities, jails, and other necessary facilities specifically related thereto. Any acquisitions by eminent domain shall be made in the manner authorized for cities and towns as set forth in article 6 of title 38, C.R.S.

C.R.S. § 30-11-104.1 Financed purchase of an asset or certificate of participation agreements

30-11-104.1. Financed purchase of an asset or certificate of participation agreements. (1) In order to provide for financing of a public park, a public trail, a public golf course, or public open space, or a courthouse, jail, or other county building or equipment used, or to be used, for governmental purposes, or for financing of a forest health project as defined in section 37-95-103 (4.9), any county is authorized to enter into financed purchase of an asset or certificate of participation agreements. (2) Such agreements may include an option to purchase, transfer, and acquire title to such property and the improvements thereon, if any, within a period not exceeding the useful life of such property and any improvements, but in no case exceeding thirty years. (3) The obligation under any such agreements may only be from year to year and may not constitute a mandatory charge or requirement in any ensuing budget year. (4) The obligation to make payments under such an agreement and the obligation to pay other charges incident to any such agreement shall not constitute or give rise to an indebtedness within the meaning of any constitutional, statutory, or home rule charter debt limitation.

C.R.S. § 30-11-104.2 Tax exemption

30-11-104.2. Tax exemption. (1) Property financed pursuant to the provisions of section 30-11-104.1 shall be exempt from taxation so long as it is used for governmental purposes. (2) (a) A courthouse, jail, or other county building subject to financed purchase of an asset or certificate of participation agreements in force on May 29, 1981, shall be accorded the same tax-exempt status as a courthouse, jail, or other county building financed by such agreements entered into after such date. (b) Equipment subject to financed purchase of an asset or certificate of participation agreements in force on May 25, 1983, shall be accorded the same tax-exempt status as equipment financed by such agreements entered into after such date.

C.R.S. § 30-11-105 Title of suits by or against county

30-11-105. Title of suits by or against county. In all suits or proceedings by or against a county, the name in which the county shall sue or be sued shall be, "The board of county commissioners of the county of ................"; but this provision shall not prevent county officers, when authorized by law, from suing in their name of office for the benefit of the county.

C.R.S. § 30-11-105.1 Standing - contesting constitutionality of a statute

30-11-105.1. Standing - contesting constitutionality of a statute. In addition to any other powers prescribed in this part 1, any county or county officer shall have standing in district court to defend any action brought against such county or officer by contesting the constitutionality of a statute underlying such action and affecting the rights, status, or other legal relations of such county or county officer or directing the performance of, defining, or prescribing the duties or responsibilities of such county officer.

C.R.S. § 30-11-106 Process served on clerk - clerk to notify board

30-11-106. Process served on clerk - clerk to notify board. In all legal proceedings against the county, process shall be served on the clerk of the board of county commissioners, and when such suit or proceeding is commenced, it is the duty of the clerk to notify the county attorney thereof, and to lay before the board of county commissioners, at their next meeting, all the information he may have in regard to such suit or proceeding.

C.R.S. § 30-11-107 Powers of the board

30-11-107. Powers of the board. (1) The board of county commissioners of each county has power at any meeting: (a) To make such orders concerning the property belonging to the county as it deems expedient; (b) To examine and settle all accounts of the receipts and expenses of the county, to examine and settle and allow all accounts chargeable against the county, and, when so settled, to issue county orders therefor as provided by law; (c) To build and keep in repair county buildings and cause the same to be insured in the name of the county treasurer for the benefit of the county and, in case there are no county buildings, to provide suitable rooms for county purposes; (d) (I) To apportion and order the levying of taxes as provided by law; except that, for purposes of the application of any occupational privilege tax, oil and gas wells and their associated production facilities shall not be considered a business or occupation subject to such tax; and (II) To contract loans in the name and for the benefit of the county for the purpose of erecting necessary public buildings and making or repairing public roads or bridges, when such loans have been authorized by a vote of the legal voters of the county; (e) To represent the county and have the care of the county property and the management of the business and concerns of the county in all cases where no other provisions are made by law; (f) To set off, organize, and change the boundaries of precincts in their respective counties and to designate and number such precincts in accordance with sections 1-5-101 and 1-5-101.5, C.R.S.; (g) To establish one or more voting places in each election precinct, as the convenience of the inhabitants may require; (h) To lay out, alter, or discontinue any road running into or through such county and also to perform such other duties respecting roads as may be required by law; (i) To grant such licenses and perform such other duties as are or may be prescribed by law; (j) To acquire land for, lay out, construct, maintain, and repair airports and landing strips for aircraft, to enter into leases, and to fix and collect charges or fees for the use of such airports and landing strips; (k) To provide in the county budget for dumping grounds within the county to be used for such purposes as may be prescribed by the board; (l) To enter into agreements with any municipality for the joint use and occupation of public buildings. The consideration to be paid for such use and occupation shall be paid each year out of current revenues which shall be appropriated annually, and any agreement to make such annual payment shall not be considered or held to be creation of an indebtedness of the county within any constitutional or statutory limitation. (m) To negotiate with the board or boards of county commissioners of another county or counties, and with the board of governors of the Colorado state university system of Colorado state university, for agricultural extension service to be furnished such counties, and to be financed on a pro rata share by the counties receiving such service; (n) To create, by resolution duly adopted, the office of county manager, or administrative assistant to the board of county commissioners, or county budget officer, or any other such office as may, in its judgment, be required for the efficient management of the business and concerns of the county. When so created, the board has power to make appointments to such offices, to prescribe the duties to be performed by such appointees, to fix the compensation to be paid to such appointees, and to pay the same from the county general fund. Any persons appointed to such offices shall serve at the pleasure of the board of county commissioners. t management of the business and concerns of the county. When so created, the board has power to make appointments to such offices, to prescribe the duties to be performed by such appointees, to fix the compensation to be paid to such appointees, and to pay the same from the county general fund. Any persons appointed to such offices shall serve at the pleasure of the board of county commissioners. (o) To cooperate with other counties and with the state forester in the organization and training of rural fire fighting groups, payment for the operation and maintenance of fire fighting equipment and in sharing the cost of suppressing fires; (o.5) Repealed. (p) To purchase all necessary uniforms of the county sheriff, undersheriff, and deputies of the county; but no such uniforms shall be supplied to those persons deputized to perform particular acts, and all such uniforms shall be and remain the property of the county; (q) To organize, own, operate, control, direct, manage, contract for, or furnish ambulance service; (r) To provide in the county budget for services for the aged, including but not limited to social and recreational services, medical services, transportation, and homemaker services; (s) To appropriate moneys from sources other than ad valorem taxes to multijurisdictional housing authorities or housing authorities established under part 5 of article 4 of title 29, C.R.S., from the county general fund; (t) To set, by resolution duly adopted or by the method provided in the charter of a home rule county, mileage for all county officers, employees, and agents in an amount not less than twenty cents per mile nor more than a rate per mile equal to the standard mileage rate allowed pursuant to 26 U.S.C. sec. 162, as amended, and regulations promulgated thereunder, for each mile actually and necessarily traveled while on official county business; (u) To expend moneys or make assessments pursuant to paragraph (z) of this subsection (1) for the maintenance of drainage structures and facilities and to accept dedicated or deeded drainage easements or drainageway tracts as county property once drainage structures and facilities on such easements or tracts have been completed and found to meet county specifications and standards; (v) To provide a job diversion program directing persons making application for or receiving assistance under the Colorado works program, as described in part 7 of article 2 of title 26, C.R.S., into bona fide public or private sector employment; (w) To expend moneys or make assessments pursuant to paragraph (z) of this subsection (1) for the construction, reconstruction, improvement, or extension of drainage facilities within the unincorporated or incorporated areas of the county and to acquire, by gift, purchase, lease, or the exercise of the right of eminent domain, all lands, easements, or rights in land which are necessary in connection with such construction, reconstruction, improvement, or extension. Drainage facilities shall not be provided in any area which is within an existing drainage district organized or created pursuant to law without the approval of such district. (x) Repealed. (y) To expend moneys or make assessments pursuant to paragraph (z) of this subsection (1) for the construction, maintenance, repair, or installation of curbs, gutters, sidewalks, and related structures along residential and commercial streets or alleys and in residential or commercial subdivisions within the unincorporated areas of the county; except that, prior to making an assessment for any purpose authorized by this paragraph (y), the county shall consider cost-sharing alternatives so that a portion of the cost of any project authorized in this paragraph (y) is incurred and paid by the county; ong residential and commercial streets or alleys and in residential or commercial subdivisions within the unincorporated areas of the county; except that, prior to making an assessment for any purpose authorized by this paragraph (y), the county shall consider cost-sharing alternatives so that a portion of the cost of any project authorized in this paragraph (y) is incurred and paid by the county; (z) To prescribe, by ordinance adopted, administered, and enforced in accordance with part 4 of article 15 of this title, the mode in which the charges on the respective owners of lots or lands, and on the lots or lands, shall be assessed and determined for the purposes authorized in paragraphs (u), (w), and (y) of this subsection (1); (aa) To establish policies and procedures regarding entering into contracts binding on the county, and to delegate its power to enter into such contracts pursuant to such policies and procedures, where amounts specified in such policies and procedures and where such contracts otherwise comply with limits and requirements set forth in such policies and procedures; (bb) To provide for the preservation of the cultural, historic, and architectural history within the county by ordinance or resolution; to delegate the power to designate historic landmarks and historic districts to an historic preservation advisory board; to accept dedicated or deeded easements or other historic property and to expend moneys for the maintenance of such deeded historic land, facilities, and structures; and to receive contributions, gifts, or other support from public and private entities to defray the maintenance costs of such historic land, facilities, and structures; (cc) By resolution, memorial, plaque, or limited gift, to honor, commemorate, memorialize, or acknowledge outstanding service or other events, including death or retirement of individuals, or actions, accomplishments, or achievements deserving of recognition; (dd) To enter into installment purchase contracts or shared-savings contracts or otherwise incur indebtedness under section 29-12.5-103, C.R.S., to finance energy conservation and energy saving measures and enter into contracts for an analysis and recommendations pertaining to such measures under section 29-12.5-102, C.R.S.; (ee) Repealed. (ff) To set, by written resolution duly adopted by a majority vote of the board and entered in its minutes prior to the county treasurer being sworn into office, the amount of a surety bond to be executed by the treasurer and to authorize the purchase of such a bond by the board; (gg) To authorize the use of electronic records or signatures and adopt rules, standards, policies, and procedures for use of electronic records or signatures pursuant to article 71.3 of title 24, C.R.S.; (hh) To establish an affordable housing dwelling unit advisory board for the county in accordance with the requirements of article 26 of title 29, C.R.S.; purchase of such a bond by the board; (gg) To authorize the use of electronic records or signatures and adopt rules, standards, policies, and procedures for use of electronic records or signatures pursuant to article 71.3 of title 24, C.R.S.; (hh) To establish an affordable housing dwelling unit advisory board for the county in accordance with the requirements of article 26 of title 29, C.R.S.; (ii) To provide in the county budget for programs that support education and outreach on environmental sustainability and for financing capital improvements for energy efficiency retrofits and the installation of renewable energy fixtures, as defined in section 30-11-107.3, for private residences and commercial property within the county but that do not exempt the county from the requirements of any other statute; (jj) To encourage homeowners to participate in utility demand-side management programs where applicable; (kk) [Editor's note: This version of subsection (1)(kk) is effective until January 1, 2026.] (I) To adopt a resolution to authorize, in consultation with the local board of health, local public health agencies, and any water and wastewater service providers serving the county, the use of graywater, as defined in section 25-8-103 (8.3), C.R.S., in compliance with any regulation adopted pursuant to section 25-8-205 (1)(g), C.R.S., and to enforce compliance with the board's resolution. (II) Before adopting a resolution to authorize the use of graywater pursuant to subparagraph (I) of this paragraph (kk), a board of county commissioners is encouraged to enter into a memorandum of understanding with the local board of health, local public health agencies, and any water and wastewater service providers serving the county concerning graywater usage and the proper installation and operation of graywater treatment works, as defined in section 25-8-103 (8.4), C.R.S. (kk) [Editor's note: This version of subsection (1)(kk) is effective January 1, 2026.] (I) To adopt a resolution, in consultation with the local board of health, local public health agencies, and any water and wastewater service providers serving the county, regarding the use of graywater, as defined in section 25-8-103 (8.3), in compliance with any regulation adopted pursuant to section 25-8-205 (1)(g), and to enforce compliance with the board's resolution. A board of county commissioners: (A) May adopt a resolution prohibiting the installation of graywater treatment works, as defined in section 25-8-103 (8.4), and the use of all graywater or prohibiting one or more categories of graywater use that the water quality control commission establishes in rules adopted pursuant to section 25-8-205 (1)(g); and (B) Pursuant to section 25-8-205.4 (2)(b), shall notify the division of administration within the department of public health and environment of any resolution adopted pursuant to subsection (1)(kk)(I)(A) of this section. A board of county commissioners that sends notice pursuant to this subsection (1)(kk)(I)(B) may subsequently authorize the installation of graywater treatment works and the use of graywater or authorize categories of graywater use previously prohibited at any time by adopting a resolution. A board of county commissioners that subsequently authorizes the use of graywater shall promptly notify the division of administration within the department of public health and environment of the subsequent authorization. (II) A board of county commissioners that has not prohibited all graywater use pursuant to subsection (1)(kk)(I) of this section is encouraged to enter into a memorandum of understanding with the local board of health, local public health agencies, and any water and wastewater service providers serving the county concerning graywater usage and the proper installation and operation of graywater treatment works, as defined in section 25-8-103 (8.4). rohibited all graywater use pursuant to subsection (1)(kk)(I) of this section is encouraged to enter into a memorandum of understanding with the local board of health, local public health agencies, and any water and wastewater service providers serving the county concerning graywater usage and the proper installation and operation of graywater treatment works, as defined in section 25-8-103 (8.4). (ll) To enter into loan agreements with any governmental entity that is created by or located within the county in accordance with section 30-25-106.5; and (mm) To establish and administer an incentive program to directly incentivize improvement in an area of specific local concern related to the use of real property in the county in accordance with section 30-11-132. (2) (a) Subject to the provisions of part 1 of article 1 of title 29, C.R.S., the board of county commissioners of each county has exclusive power to adopt the annual budget for the operation of the county government, including all offices, departments, boards, commissions, other spending agencies of the county government, and other agencies which are funded in whole or in part by county appropriations. All such entities shall make appropriate budget recommendations each year to the board of county commissioners for the operation of their respective offices; but the final budget determination of each board of county commissioners shall be binding upon each of the respective offices, departments, boards, commissions, other spending agencies of the county government, and other agencies which are funded in whole or in part by county appropriations. (b) Every decision made by the board of county commissioners in exercising its budget-making power shall be presumed to be a valid exercise of the power granted by paragraph (a) of this subsection (2). (3) The board of county commissioners of any county eligible to receive impact assistance grants pursuant to part 3 of article 25 of this title may certify a dollar amount to the parks and wildlife commission pursuant to part 3 of article 25 of this title.

C.R.S. § 30-11-107.3 Incentives for installation of renewable energy fixtures - definitions

30-11-107.3. Incentives for installation of renewable energy fixtures - definitions. (1) Notwithstanding any law to the contrary, any county may offer an incentive, in the form of a county property tax or sales tax credit or rebate, to a residential or commercial property owner who installs a renewable energy fixture on his or her residential or commercial property. (2) For purposes of this section, unless the context otherwise requires: (a) "County" means any county or city and county. (b) "Renewable energy fixture" means any fixture, product, system, device, or interacting group of devices installed behind the meter of any residential or commercial building that produces energy from renewable resources, including, but not limited to, photovoltaic systems, solar thermal systems, small wind systems, biomass systems, or geothermal systems.

C.R.S. § 30-11-107.5 Lodging tax

30-11-107.5. Lodging tax. (1) In accordance with the procedures set forth in this section, the board of county commissioners of each county, for one or more of the purposes specified in subsection (1.5) of this section, may levy a county lodging tax of not more than two percent on the purchase price paid or charged to persons for rooms or accommodations as included in the definition of "sale" in section 39-26-102 (11). No tax shall apply within any municipality levying a lodging tax. (1.5) (a) Subject to the limitation set forth in subsection (1.5)(b) of this section, a county board of commissioners may levy the tax specified in subsection (1) of this section for the purpose of: (I) Advertising and marketing local tourism; (II) Housing and childcare for the tourism-related workforce, including seasonal workers, and for other workers in the community; or (III) Facilitating and enhancing visitor experiences. (b) If, after January 1, 2022, there is a new lodging tax created or the allowable uses of an existing lodging tax are expanded in accordance with subsection (3)(a.5) of this section, at least ten percent of the lodging tax revenue must be used for the purpose of advertising and marketing local tourism. (2) (a) [Editor's note: This version of subsection (2)(a) is effective until July 1, 2025.] The county lodging tax shall be collected, administered, and enforced, to the extent feasible, pursuant to section 29-2-106, C.R.S. (2) (a) [Editor's note: This version of subsection (2)(a) is effective July 1, 2025.] The county lodging tax shall be collected, administered, and enforced as specified in part 2 of article 2 of title 29. (b) The department of revenue shall perform, on an annual basis, an analysis to determine the net incremental cost of such collection, administration, and enforcement. The department of revenue shall retain only the amount determined to be necessary by the cost analysis, and in no event shall that amount exceed three and one-third percent of the amount collected. Such amount retained shall be transmitted to the state treasurer, who shall credit the same to the general fund, and such amount shall be subject to appropriation by the general assembly for the net incremental cost of such collection, administration, and enforcement. (c) Any person or entity providing rooms or accommodations as included in the definition of "sale" referred to in subsection (1) of this section shall be liable and responsible for the payment of an amount equivalent of up to two percent of all such sales made and shall quarterly, unless otherwise provided by law, make a return to the executive director of the department of revenue for the preceding tax-reporting period and remit an amount equivalent up to the said two percent on such sales to said executive director. (3) (a) The board of county commissioners may, by resolution, approve a proposal for a county lodging tax; thereupon, such proposal for the county lodging tax shall be referred to the registered electors of the unincorporated areas and the municipalities subject to the lodging tax at a special election held for such purpose. Any such election may be combined with any other special election. On and after January 1, 1989, such tax may only be approved at a general election. (a.5) If, prior to January 1, 2022, the voters of a county approved a county lodging tax for the purpose of advertising and marketing local tourism, the board of county commissioners may, by resolution, approve a proposal to allow the county lodging tax revenues to also be used for any of the additional purposes specified in subsection (1.5) of this section. The county shall refer the proposal to the registered electors of the unincorporated areas and the municipalities subject to the lodging tax at the next general election. ng local tourism, the board of county commissioners may, by resolution, approve a proposal to allow the county lodging tax revenues to also be used for any of the additional purposes specified in subsection (1.5) of this section. The county shall refer the proposal to the registered electors of the unincorporated areas and the municipalities subject to the lodging tax at the next general election. (b) (I) A proposal for a county lodging tax under subsection (3)(a) of this section must contain a description of the proposed tax, must state the amount to be imposed, and must describe any municipality within the county that has such a tax and is therefore excluded from the election proposed in subsection (3)(a) of this section and any resulting lodging tax. (II) If any additional lodging tax or statewide tax on lodging facilities is enacted or levied after January 1, 1987, which in combination with the lodging tax authorized by this section exceeds two percent, the tax under this section shall be reduced by that amount that the total tax exceeds the two percent maximum specified in subsection (1) of this section. (c) Repealed. (d) No public moneys from any source shall be expended directly or indirectly to urge electors to vote in favor or against the imposition of the lodging tax. Nothing in this paragraph (d) shall be construed as prohibiting an elected official from expressing his personal opinion concerning the imposition of the lodging tax. (e) Upon the adoption of the resolution by the board of county commissioners approving a county lodging tax proposal in accordance with subsection (3)(a) or (3)(a.5) of this section, the county clerk and recorder shall publish the text of the proposal four separate times, a week apart, in a newspaper of general circulation within the county. The cost of the election must be initially paid out of the general fund of the county. If the county lodging tax is approved, the general fund of the county must be reimbursed out of the county lodging tax fund described in subsection (4)(a) of this section. The conduct of the election shall conform, so far as practicable, to the general election laws of the state. (f) (I) [Editor's note: This version of subsection (3)(f)(I) is effective until July 1, 2025.] If a proposal for a county lodging tax under subsection (3)(a) of this section is approved by a majority of the registered electors from the municipality or unincorporated area subject to the lodging tax voting thereon, the county lodging tax becomes effective as provided in section 29-2-106 (2). If a proposal to expand the allowable uses under subsection (3)(a.5) of this section is approved by a majority of the registered electors from the municipality or unincorporated area voting thereon, the county may also use the lodging tax revenue for any of the additional approved uses as specified in subsection (1.5) of this section. (f) (I) [Editor's note: This version of subsection (3)(f)(I) is effective July 1, 2025.] If a proposal for a county lodging tax under subsection (3)(a) of this section is approved by a majority of the registered electors from the municipality or unincorporated area subject to the lodging tax voting thereon, the county lodging tax becomes effective as provided in part 2 of article 2 of title 29. If a proposal to expand the allowable uses under subsection (3)(a.5) of this section is approved by a majority of the registered electors from the municipality or unincorporated area voting thereon, the county may also use the lodging tax revenue for any of the additional approved uses as specified in subsection (1.5) of this section. (II) If a majority of the registered electors voting thereon fail to approve the county lodging tax, the question shall not be submitted again to such electors for a period of one year following the date of said election. or unincorporated area voting thereon, the county may also use the lodging tax revenue for any of the additional approved uses as specified in subsection (1.5) of this section. (II) If a majority of the registered electors voting thereon fail to approve the county lodging tax, the question shall not be submitted again to such electors for a period of one year following the date of said election. (g) If a county seeks to use lodging tax revenue for a purpose specified in subsection (1.5)(a)(II) or (1.5)(a)(III) of this section, then the ballot issue authorizing the use must specify how the county will spend the lodging tax revenue under either subsection. (4) (a) All revenue collected from such county lodging tax, except the amounts retained under subsection (2) of this section, shall be credited to a special fund designated as the county lodging tax fund, hereby created. The fund shall be used only for the purposes approved by voters and to reimburse the general fund of the county for the cost of the election in accordance with subsection (3)(d) of this section. No revenue collected from such county lodging tax shall be used for any capital expenditures, with the exception of: (I) Capital expenditures for housing and childcare for the tourism-related workforce, including seasonal workers, and for other workers in the community; (II) Capital expenditures related to facilitating and enhancing visitor experiences; or (III) Tourist information centers. (b) Upon approval of a lodging tax for the purpose of advertising and marketing local tourism by the electors pursuant to this section, the county commissioners shall select a panel of no less than three citizens to administer the lodging tax fund; except that, if the money in the fund may also be used for any other purpose, then the panel shall only administer the portion of the fund that the board of county commissioners identifies as being available for advertising and marketing local tourism. The county commissioners shall appoint members from the tourism industry within the municipalities or unincorporated areas from which the lodging tax is collected. Where there is an established and proven marketing entity within the county formed for the purpose of advertising and marketing tourism, the panel is encouraged to use that entity, and that entity shall provide an accounting to the panel and to the county commissioners. (c) The panel, to the extent feasible, shall advertise and market tourism for the benefit of those unincorporated areas and municipalities from which the lodging tax originated. (5) Nothing provided in this section shall in any way prohibit municipalities and counties from cooperating to create countywide uniform lodging taxes with voluntary abandonment of municipal lodging tax ordinances. (6) Repealed.

C.R.S. § 30-11-107.7 County rental tax on the rental of personal property - procedures - apportionment

30-11-107.7. County rental tax on the rental of personal property - procedures - apportionment. (1) As used in this section, unless the context otherwise requires: (a) "Personal property" means personal property which: (I) Is not subject to ad valorem tax pursuant to section 39-3-119, C.R.S., or specific ownership tax pursuant to section 42-3-107, C.R.S.; and (II) The owner thereof is regularly engaged in the sale, rental, or both sale and rental of such personal property and rents such personal property to another individual or corporation, in which the owner does not have any interest whatsoever, for one or more periods of thirty days or less in any calendar year. (b) "Personal property" does not include any residential real property as defined for property tax purposes in section 39-1-102 (14.5), C.R.S. (2) (a) In accordance with the procedures set forth in this section, the board of county commissioners of each county may levy a rental tax on personal property which is rented in such county. The rate of any rental tax levied pursuant to this section shall be not more than one percent of the amount of the rental payment paid or charged to persons who rent such personal property. (b) The board of county commissioners may, by resolution, approve a rental tax on personal property which is rented in the county. Such resolution shall contain a description of the rental tax on personal property which is rented, state the rate of rental tax to be levied, and specify the effective date of the resolution. (c) (I) [Editor's note: This version of subsection (2)(c)(I) is effective until July 1, 2025.] Any rental tax levied pursuant to the provisions of this section shall be collected, administered, and enforced, to the extent feasible, pursuant to section 29-2-106, C.R.S. (c) (I) [Editor's note: This version of subsection (2)(c)(I) is effective July 1, 2025.] Any rental tax levied pursuant to the provisions of this section shall be collected, administered, and enforced as specified in part 2 of article 2 of title 29. (II) The department of revenue shall perform, on an annual basis, an analysis to determine the net incremental cost of such collection, administration, and enforcement. The department of revenue shall retain only the amount determined to be necessary by the cost analysis, and in no event shall that amount exceed three and one-third percent of the amount collected. Such amount retained shall be transmitted to the state treasurer, who shall credit the same to the general fund, and such amount shall be subject to appropriations by the general assembly for the net incremental cost of such collection, administration, and enforcement. (3) (a) During the month of January of each year, the county treasurer of any county which levies a rental tax pursuant to this section shall calculate, for such county and each political subdivision located within the boundaries of such county, the percentage which the dollar amount of ad valorem taxes levied by each such political entity is of the aggregate dollar amount of ad valorem taxes levied in such county during the preceding calendar year. The percentages so calculated shall be used for the apportionment between the county itself and each political subdivision located within such county of the aggregate amount of rental tax revenue to be distributed by the department of revenue to the county treasurer during the current calendar year. (b) All rental taxes collected by the county treasurer shall be apportioned, credited, and distributed to the county and to each political subdivision located within such county on the tenth day of each month for all rental taxes collected during the immediately preceding month.

C.R.S. § 30-11-107.9 County tax for public safety improvements - definitions

30-11-107.9. County tax for public safety improvements - definitions. (1) As used in this section, unless the context otherwise requires: (a) "Public safety improvements" means capital expenditures or operational costs associated with a public safety organization. (b) "Public safety organization" means a law enforcement agency or office, district attorney's office, judicial district, coroner's office, a fire protection district, fire department, or any other public entity dedicated to providing services related to public safety, public health, or emergency management at the county or local level in the state. (2) [Editor's note: This version of subsection (2) is effective until July 1, 2025.] In accordance with the procedures set forth in this section, the board of county commissioners of each county may levy a sales tax for public safety improvements of not more than two percent on the sale of tangible personal property of retail and services taxable in such county pursuant to the provisions of section 39-26-104, C.R.S. All net revenues collected by a county after the payment of the costs of collection, administration, and enforcement to the department of revenue in accordance with subsection (4) of this section shall be used exclusively for public safety improvements. (2) [Editor's note: This version of subsection (2) is effective July 1, 2025.] In accordance with the procedures set forth in this section, the board of county commissioners of each county may levy a sales tax for public safety improvements of not more than two percent on the sale of tangible personal property of retail and services taxable in such county pursuant to the provisions of section 39-26-104. All net revenues collected by a county after the payment of the costs of collection, administration, and enforcement to the department of revenue in accordance with subsection (4) of this section shall be used exclusively for public safety improvements. (3) The board of county commissioners of a county may by resolution approve a proposal for a county public safety improvements tax; thereupon the public safety improvements tax proposal must be submitted to the registered electors of the county at the next general election, the next biennial county election, or the next election held on the first Tuesday of November in an odd-numbered year as determined by the board of county commissioners. The proposal shall contain a description of the tax including its purposes and shall state the amount to be imposed. The proposal may include a provision to also seek voter approval to retain and expend all or a portion of the revenues of the tax from district fiscal year spending for purposes of section 20 of article X of the state constitution. The conduct of the election shall conform so far as practicable to the general election laws of the state and with the provisions of said section 20. (4) (a) [Editor's note: This version of subsection (4)(a) is effective until July 1, 2025.] The county public safety improvements tax shall be collected, administered, and enforced, to the extent feasible, pursuant to section 29-2-106, C.R.S. (4) (a) [Editor's note: This version of subsection (4)(a) is effective July 1, 2025.] The county public safety improvements tax shall be collected, administered, and enforced as specified in part 2 of article 2 of title 29. ive until July 1, 2025.] The county public safety improvements tax shall be collected, administered, and enforced, to the extent feasible, pursuant to section 29-2-106, C.R.S. (4) (a) [Editor's note: This version of subsection (4)(a) is effective July 1, 2025.] The county public safety improvements tax shall be collected, administered, and enforced as specified in part 2 of article 2 of title 29. (b) The department of revenue shall perform, on an annual basis, an analysis to determine the net incremental cost of such collection, administration, and enforcement. The department shall retain only the amount determined to be necessary by the cost analysis, and in no event shall that amount exceed three and one-third percent of the amount collected. Such amount retained shall be transmitted to the state treasurer, who shall credit the same to the general fund, and such amount shall be subject to appropriation by the general assembly for the net incremental cost of such collection, administration, and enforcement. (5) No public moneys from any source shall be expended directly or indirectly to urge electors to vote in favor or against the imposition of a county public safety improvements tax. Nothing in this subsection (5) shall be construed as prohibiting an elected official from expressing his or her personal opinion concerning the imposition of the tax.

C.R.S. § 30-11-108 Assent of electors required - when

30-11-108. Assent of electors required - when. The board of county commissioners shall not borrow money for the purposes stated in section 30-11-107, except as provided in section 30-11-107 (1)(dd), without having first submitted the question of such loan to a vote of the electors of the county and without a majority of the voters legally qualified to vote and voting on that question having voted therefor.

C.R.S. § 30-11-109 Advertisement for bids on supplies

30-11-109. Advertisement for bids on supplies. (Repealed)

C.R.S. § 30-11-109.5 Purchases of recycled paper and recycled products

30-11-109.5. Purchases of recycled paper and recycled products. (1) When purchasing any product with public funds, the purchasing agent for the county shall be authorized to purchase products or materials with recycled content that have been source-reduced, that are reusable, or that have been composted, unless one or more of the following conditions exist: (a) The product is not available within a reasonable period of time; (b) The product fails to meet applicable purchasing rules, including specifications; or (c) The product fails to meet federal or state health or safety standards, as set forth in federal or state regulations.

C.R.S. § 30-11-110 State suppliers preferred

30-11-110. State suppliers preferred. It is unlawful for any board of county commissioners of any county to accept any bid or make a purchase of any books, stationery, records, printing, lithographing, or other supplies for any officer of its county, from any person, company, or corporation having its manufactory or principal place of business outside the state of Colorado, when the same can be procured from some person, company, or corporation having its manufactory or principal place of business within this state and at a net cost which shall not exceed the amount for which such books, stationery, records, printing, lithographing, or other supplies can be procured and delivered to them by any person, company, or corporation having its manufactory or principal place of business without the state.

C.R.S. § 30-11-112 Officer cannot contract or purchase

30-11-112. Officer cannot contract or purchase. (Repealed)

C.R.S. § 30-11-113 Commissioners to furnish blank assessment rolls

30-11-113. Commissioners to furnish blank assessment rolls. The boards of county commissioners of their respective counties, at the expense of the county, shall furnish annually and in due season, to the assessor of the county, suitable blank assessment rolls, prepared in accordance with the provisions of law; shall also provide suitable books and stationery for the use of each of the county officers of their county, together with appropriate cases and furniture for the safe and convenient keeping of all the books, documents, and papers belonging to each of said officers; and also shall provide official seals for each of said officers when the same are required by law.

C.R.S. § 30-11-114 New precincts - change boundaries - reduce number

30-11-114. New precincts - change boundaries - reduce number. The board of county commissioners may set off or organize new precincts, change the boundaries, or reduce the number of those already organized as the public good from time to time requires.

C.R.S. § 30-11-115 Board may appropriate for expositions

30-11-115. Board may appropriate for expositions. The board of county commissioners of any county in this state may make such appropriation as it may seem proper for the purpose of enabling such county to secure a proper representation of its interests in exhibits and expositions held in Colorado.

C.R.S. § 30-11-116 Appropriations for advertising or marketing

30-11-116. Appropriations for advertising or marketing. The boards of county commissioners of the several counties within the state of Colorado are authorized to appropriate money from the county general fund for the purpose of advertising or marketing the county.

C.R.S. § 30-11-117 Commissioners to fill vacancies in county offices

30-11-117. Commissioners to fill vacancies in county offices. In case a vacancy occurs in any county office, or in any precinct office in any county in this state, by reason of death, resignation, removal, or otherwise, the board of county commissioners of such county has power to fill such vacancy by appointment, subject to section 9 of article XIV of the state constitution, until an election can be held as provided by law.

C.R.S. § 30-11-118 County attorney - county collector

30-11-118. County attorney - county collector. The board of county commissioners of each county of the state, when the interests of the county require it, may employ an attorney, but the person appointed shall be a member of the bar of the supreme court of this state and at least twenty-five years of age. The board may also, when the business of the county requires it, appoint a county collector, whose duty it is to collect license moneys and other special dues of said county; such collector shall receive such compensation as may be allowed by the board of county commissioners.

C.R.S. § 30-11-119 New bond for officers, when

30-11-119. New bond for officers, when. When the board of county commissioners of any county in this state deems the bond given by the sheriff or other officer of the county insufficient, or when in its opinion the sureties on said bond are insolvent or permanently removed from the county, or when it for any other reason considers said bond insufficient for the public security, it is lawful for the board to require of said sheriff or other officer a new bond, with such sureties and so conditioned as required by law in the first instance.

C.R.S. § 30-11-120 Failure to file bond - office vacant

30-11-120. Failure to file bond - office vacant. In case any sheriff or other officer refuses or neglects, for a period longer than thirty days after receiving notice, to give a new bond as required, it is lawful for the board of county commissioners to declare the office vacant and appoint some other person to fill the vacancy, who shall hold the office until a successor is elected or appointed.

C.R.S. § 30-11-121 General accounting records

30-11-121. General accounting records. The board of county commissioners is responsible for the maintenance of the general accounting records of the county. It is the duty of the county treasurer, county clerk and recorder, county sheriff, and county assessor to furnish, as directed by the board of county commissioners, copies of any and all accounting, administrative, financial, recorded, or assessment records to a person appointed by the board of county commissioners for the purpose of utilizing computer or other record-keeping facilities. Such person shall serve at the pleasure of the board of county commissioners.

C.R.S. § 30-11-122 Conservation trust fund authorized

30-11-122. Conservation trust fund authorized. Each county in this state may create a conservation trust fund as provided in section 29-21-101, C.R.S.

C.R.S. § 30-11-123 New business facilities - expansion of existing business facilities - incentives - limitations - authority to exceed revenue-raising limitations - legislative declaration - definitions

30-11-123. New business facilities - expansion of existing business facilities - incentives - limitations - authority to exceed revenue-raising limitations - legislative declaration - definitions. (1) (a) The general assembly hereby finds and declares that the health, safety, and welfare of the people of this state are dependent upon the attraction of new private enterprise as well as the retention and expansion of existing private enterprise; that incentives are often necessary in order to attract private enterprise; and that providing such incentives stimulates economic development in the state and results in the creation and maintenance of new jobs. (b) Notwithstanding any law to the contrary, any county may negotiate for an incentive payment or credit with any taxpayer who establishes a business facility, as defined in section 39-30-105.1 (6)(b), in the county. In no instance may any negotiation result in an annual incentive payment or credit that is greater than the amount of the taxes levied by the county upon the taxable personal property located at or within the business facility and used in connection with the operation of the business facility for the current property tax year. The term of any agreement made prior to August 6, 2014, pursuant to the provisions of this subsection (1) may not exceed ten years, including the term of any original agreement being renewed. The term of any agreement made on or after August 6, 2014, pursuant to this subsection (1) may not exceed thirty-five years, which does not include the term of any prior agreement. (1.5) (a) Notwithstanding any law to the contrary, a county may negotiate an incentive payment or credit for a taxpayer that has an existing business facility located in the county if, based on verifiable documentation, the county is satisfied that there is a substantial risk that the taxpayer will relocate the facility out of state. (b) The documentation required pursuant to paragraph (a) of this subsection (1.5) must include information that the taxpayer could reasonably and efficiently relocate the facility out of state and that at least one other state is being considered for the relocation. In order to be eligible for a payment or credit under this subsection (1.5), a taxpayer must identify the specific reasons why the taxpayer is considering leaving the state. (c) A county shall not give an annual incentive payment or credit under this subsection (1.5) that is greater than the amount of the taxes levied by the county upon the taxable personal property located at or within the existing business facility and used in connection with the operation of the existing business facility for the current property tax year. The term of an agreement made prior to August 6, 2014, pursuant to this subsection (1.5) shall not exceed ten years, and this limit includes any renewals of the original agreement. The term of an agreement made on or after August 6, 2014, pursuant to this subsection (1.5) shall not exceed thirty-five years, and this limit does not include the term of any prior agreement. A county shall not give an annual incentive payment or credit under this subsection (1.5), unless the board of county commissioners approves the payment or credit at a public hearing. the original agreement. The term of an agreement made on or after August 6, 2014, pursuant to this subsection (1.5) shall not exceed thirty-five years, and this limit does not include the term of any prior agreement. A county shall not give an annual incentive payment or credit under this subsection (1.5), unless the board of county commissioners approves the payment or credit at a public hearing. (2) Notwithstanding any law to the contrary, any county may negotiate for an incentive payment or credit with any taxpayer who expands a facility, as defined in section 39-30-105.1 (6)(e), the expansion of which authorizes a taxpayer to claim a credit described in section 39-30-105.1, and that is located in the county. In no instance may any negotiation result in an annual incentive payment or credit that is greater than the amount of the taxes levied by the county upon the taxable personal property directly attributable to the expansion, located at or within the expanded facility, and used in connection with the operation of the expanded facility for the current property tax year. The term of any agreement made prior to August 6, 2014, pursuant to the provisions of this subsection (2) may not exceed ten years, including the term of any original agreement being renewed. The term of any agreement made on or after August 6, 2014, pursuant to this subsection (2) may not exceed thirty-five years, which does not include the term of any prior agreement. (3) For purposes of this section, "county" means any county or city and county. (4) (Deleted by amendment, L. 94, p. 2833, § 3, effective January 1, 1995.) (5) Any county that negotiates any agreement pursuant to the provisions of this section shall inform any municipality in which a new business facility would be located, or an existing or expanded business facility is located, whichever is applicable, of such negotiations. (6) Any county may adjust the amount of its tax levy authorized pursuant to the provisions of section 29-1-301, C.R.S., or pursuant to a county home rule charter, whichever is applicable, by an additional amount which does not exceed the total amount of annual incentive payments or credits made by such county in accordance with agreements negotiated pursuant to the provisions of this section or section 39-30-107.5, C.R.S.

C.R.S. § 30-11-124 Fire planning authority

30-11-124. Fire planning authority. (1) The board of county commissioners of each county in the state, subject to the requirements of section 25-7-123, C.R.S., may prepare, adopt, and implement a county fire management plan that details individual county policies on fire management for prescribed burns, fuels management, or natural ignition burns on lands owned by the state or county. Such plans shall be developed in coordination with the county sheriff, the division of fire prevention and control in the department of public safety, and the appropriate state and local governmental entities. All interested parties shall have the opportunity to comment on the plan prior to its adoption and implementation. (2) County fire management plans created pursuant to subsection (1) of this section shall: (a) Clearly define appropriate responses in order to mitigate immediate threats to public safety; and (b) Set forth the conditions under which prescribed or natural ignition fires shall be managed. (3) Any county that adopts and adheres to a county fire management plan shall be accorded liability protection pursuant to article 10 of title 24, C.R.S. (4) Federal government agencies, subject to the provisions of sections 25-7-106 (7) and (8) and 25-7-114.7 (2)(a)(III), C.R.S., and private landowners may enter into memoranda of understanding with the board of county commissioners to include public or private lands that are within the boundaries of the county under the county fire management plan. Counties may purchase an indemnification insurance policy and private landowners who enter into memoranda of understanding with the board shall have the opportunity to opt into such policy. (5) Nothing in this section shall infringe upon or otherwise affect the ability of agricultural producers to conduct burning on their property.

C.R.S. § 30-11-125 Licensing program for building contractors - contents of program - requirements - exceptions - definitions

30-11-125. Licensing program for building contractors - contents of program - requirements - exceptions - definitions. (1) As used in this section, unless the context otherwise requires: (a) (I) "Building contractor" means a building contractor who for compensation directs, supervises, or undertakes any work for which a county building permit is required. A county licensing program established in accordance with the provisions of this section shall exclude from the definition of "building contractor" any person whose sole function in the work for which a county building permit is required is to perform labor under the supervision or direction of a building contractor. (II) "Building contractor" shall not include an electrician required to be licensed by the state pursuant to article 115 of title 12 or a plumber required to be licensed by the state pursuant to article 155 of title 12. (b) "County" means any county or city and county in the state. (c) "Municipality" means any home rule or statutory city or town in the state. (d) "Person" means any individual, corporation, limited liability company, partnership, association, or other legal entity. (2) Subject to the requirements of this section, any county that has adopted a building code may establish a licensing program to require a person who engages in the business of being a building contractor within the unincorporated areas of the county to obtain a license from the county prior to engaging in the business. The county may develop the licensing program in accordance with the requirements of this section, and any such program may include one or more of the following: (a) Procedures that a building contractor would follow in order to obtain or renew a license, including the submission of any documentation or information as may be required by the county; (b) A requirement that the building contractor achieve a passing grade on a nationally recognized examination promulgated by the international code council that is commonly used and accepted in the industry; (c) Specification of the duration of the license issued by the county; (d) Subject to the requirements of subsection (3) of this section, the imposition of a reasonable fee to be charged by the county to a building contractor to cover the costs of any testing required to be performed by the county, the processing of the application, or any other costs incurred by the county in connection with the issuance or renewal of a license; or (e) Grounds for the revocation or suspension of a license issued by the county, grounds for the revocation or suspension of a building permit issued for a project for which the building contractor is found not to be in compliance with the county's licensing requirements, or grounds for the imposition of any lesser sanction, which shall be based on objective standards and criteria developed from the county building code, and procedures to be followed by the county in carrying out the revocation, suspension, or other sanction based upon such grounds, including a process for appealing any sanction so imposed. be in compliance with the county's licensing requirements, or grounds for the imposition of any lesser sanction, which shall be based on objective standards and criteria developed from the county building code, and procedures to be followed by the county in carrying out the revocation, suspension, or other sanction based upon such grounds, including a process for appealing any sanction so imposed. (3) Any county that establishes a licensing program pursuant to this section shall issue a license to a building contractor holding a valid license issued by another county or municipality in the state without requiring the building contractor to take or achieve a passing grade on any examination conducted by the county if the license issued by such other county or municipality required the building contractor to achieve a passing grade on a nationally recognized examination promulgated by the international code council commonly used and accepted in the industry. In the case of a building contractor holding a valid license issued by another county or municipality in the state, the fee charged by a secondary county for issuance or renewal of a license in accordance with the requirements of this section shall be reasonable and limited to costs incurred by the secondary county in processing the application and otherwise administering the issuance or renewal of a license required by this section. (4) If a building contractor applying for a license complies with the requirements for obtaining a license established by the county, the county shall issue a provisional license to the building contractor no later than seven business days after the building contractor has submitted a complete application. Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection (5) of this section, any failure on the part of the county to issue a nonprovisional license within forty-five days after submission of a complete application to a building contractor who has otherwise satisfied all other requirements for obtaining a license shall not preclude the building contractor from engaging in the business of being a building contractor and applying for a building permit for unincorporated areas of the county. (5) Except as otherwise provided in subsection (4) of this section, no person shall engage in the business of being a building contractor within the unincorporated areas of any county that has adopted a licensing program created pursuant to this section unless the person holds a valid license issued or recognized by the county in accordance with the requirements of this section. (6) Notwithstanding any other provision of this section: (a) The provisions of this section shall apply to any licensing program operated or administered by a county that is in existence as of August 3, 2007. Any licensing program operated or administered by a county as of August 3, 2007, that satisfies or is amended to satisfy the requirements of this section is hereby ratified as compliant with the requirements of this section and need not be reestablished by the county. (b) Nothing in this section shall be construed to require any individual to hold a license to perform repair or maintenance work on his or her own property, nor shall it prevent a person from employing an individual on either a full-time or a part-time basis to perform repair or maintenance work on his or her own property who is not licensed under the provisions of this section.

C.R.S. § 30-11-126 Workforce development - incentives - limitations - authority to exceed revenue-raising limitations - legislative declaration - definitions

30-11-126. Workforce development - incentives - limitations - authority to exceed revenue-raising limitations - legislative declaration - definitions. (1) (a) The general assembly hereby finds and declares that: (I) The health, safety, and welfare of the people of Colorado as well as the economic development and growth of local communities in the state depend on the development of a workforce that meets the needs of employers in the state; (II) Financial incentives are often necessary to attract resources for workforce development, and such incentives can be particularly effective when offered at the local level; and (III) Providing such incentives stimulates economic development in the state and results in the creation and maintenance of new jobs. (b) The general assembly further finds and declares that it is in the best interests of the citizens of the state and the economic development of local governments within the state to create an incentive at the county level for taxpayers to contribute to a program that allows counties to provide financial assistance to county residents to pursue post-secondary education or training. (2) For purposes of this section, "county" means any county or city and county. (3) Any county may establish a workforce development program, to be known as "bright future Colorado", to provide financial assistance to county residents who pursue post-secondary education or training from an accredited institution of higher education or certified training program. A county workforce development program may include, but need not be limited to, county residents who are high school graduates, county residents who have successfully completed a high school equivalency examination, as defined in section 22-33-102 (8.5), C.R.S., or county residents who are veterans. Any county that establishes a workforce development program may also establish a workforce development fund to accept contributions for the purpose of the program. (4) (a) Notwithstanding any law to the contrary, a county that has established a workforce development program may offer an incentive, in the form of a county property tax credit or rebate, to a residential or commercial property owner in the county who contributes to a county workforce development fund. (b) A county shall not make any appropriation in furtherance of a workforce development program or give any credit or rebate pursuant to this section unless the board of county commissioners approves the total program amount annually at a public budget hearing.

C.R.S. § 30-11-127 Pioneer trail - designation - signs

30-11-127. Pioneer trail - designation - signs. (1) The board of county commissioners may designate, by resolution, any public roads in the county as a section of a pioneer trail. A pioneer trail consists of public roads that follow as closely as possible the original trails or routes of travel of national historic significance. To make such designation, the board must identify all of the roads that make up the pioneer trail. The board shall not designate a pioneer trail across public lands on a road administered by the federal government unless the road is designated as open to travel by the appropriate federal land management agency. Except as set forth in subsection (2) of this section, the designation of the pioneer trail is effective upon the date of the resolution. (2) If a county designates any portion of a state highway as a pioneer trail, the designation is not effective unless the general assembly, acting by joint resolution, also designates the portion of the state highway as part of the pioneer trail. (3) If any of the designated roads are part of the state highway system, the board of county commissioners shall send a copy of the resolution to the department of transportation. If any of the designated roads are on public lands administered by the federal government, the board shall send a copy of the resolution to the appropriate federal land management agency. (4) A county may post, or allow to be posted, identifying and informative signs related to the pioneer trail along county roads. (5) The authority to designate a pioneer trail is intended to highlight Colorado's cultural and historical heritage and to promote historical tourism and education. Nothing in this section affects existing rights-of-way or ownership of public roads.

C.R.S. § 30-11-128 Mobile home parks - definition

30-11-128. Mobile home parks - definition. (1) The board of county commissioners of each county has the power to adopt, administer, and enforce ordinances and resolutions to provide for the safe and equitable operation of mobile home parks throughout the unincorporated areas of the county. These ordinances and resolutions may be enacted within the scope of the "Mobile Home Park Act", part 2 of article 12 of title 38, and further as the board deems necessary to protect home owners' equity in the safe use and enjoyment of the mobile homes and mobile home lots, including but not limited to the imposition of penalties or adoption of a local registration system. (2) Except as provided in subsection (3) of this section, an ordinance or resolution enacted by a county's board of county commissioners is only enforceable within the unincorporated area of the county. (3) One or more contiguous counties and any municipality or town within each county may enter into intergovernmental agreements to extend the applicability of any ordinance or resolution adopted under this section to and throughout any participating county, municipality, or town. (4) For purposes of this section, "home owner", "landlord", "mobile home", "mobile home lot", and "mobile home park" have the same meaning as they are defined in section 38-12-201.5.

C.R.S. § 30-11-129 Third-party food delivery service fee restrictions - definitions

30-11-129. Third-party food delivery service fee restrictions - definitions. (1) As used in this section, unless the context otherwise requires: (a) "Declared public health disaster emergency" means the declared public health disaster emergency to address the COVID-19 pandemic of 2020, as declared by the governor by executive order. (b) "Retail food establishment" means a retail food establishment, as defined in section 25-4-1602 (14), that pays an annual license fee as required by section 25-4-1607 (1)(a), (1.5)(a)(I), or (1.5)(b)(I). "Retail food establishment" does not include grocery stores or convenience stores. (c) "Third-party food delivery service" means any person, company, website, mobile application, or other internet service that offers or arranges for the sale and the same-day delivery or same-day pickup of prepared food or beverages from a retail food establishment. (2) During a declared public health disaster emergency, the board of county commissioners of each county may adopt, administer, and enforce ordinances and resolutions, applying to the county's unincorporated area only, that: (a) Limit the amount of the fee that a third-party food delivery service may charge to a retail food establishment, excluding fees related to credit card processing, within the county where indoor dining is prohibited and until indoor dining is again permitted in the county at a capacity of at least fifty percent or below at the discretion of the county; (b) Restrict the ability of a third-party food delivery service to reduce the compensation rate paid to a delivery service driver or withhold gratuities or tips to a retail food establishment, its staff, or any delivery service driver to offset revenue reductions resulting from any ordinance or resolution enacted pursuant to subsection (2)(a) of this section; (c) Require a third-party food delivery service to disclose to a consumer using the third-party food delivery service to make a purchase from a retail food establishment any commission, fee, or other monetary payment charged by the third-party food delivery service to the retail food establishment for a purchase from the retail food establishment; and (d) Restrict a third-party food delivery service's ability to perform a service for a retail food establishment without the retail food establishment's consent. (3) A board of county commissioners that adopts an ordinance or resolution pursuant to subsection (2) of this section is immune from liability for all claims for injury resulting from any economic damage that a party may incur due to the ordinance or resolution except to the extent that the ordinance or resolution is held by a court of competent jurisdiction to constitute a taking of private property in violation of the United States or state constitution.

C.R.S. § 30-11-130 Equipping wind-powered energy generation facilities with light mitigating technology - enforcement - definitions

30-11-130. Equipping wind-powered energy generation facilities with light mitigating technology - enforcement - definitions. (1) A board may adopt and enforce an ordinance or resolution authorizing the board to impose a civil penalty on the owner or operator of a new wind-powered energy generation facility in the amount of one thousand dollars per day if the board determines that the owner or operator of the facility was required to, but failed to, comply with section 38-30.7-106. (2) One or more contiguous counties and any municipality within each county may enter into an intergovernmental agreement to extend the applicability of any ordinance or resolution adopted under this section to and throughout a participating county or municipality. (3) As used in this section, unless the context otherwise requires: (a) "Board" means the board of county commissioners in the county in which a wind-powered energy generation facility is located or will be located. (b) "Wind-powered energy generation facility" or "facility" means a facility, with a nameplate capacity of fifty kilowatts or greater, used in the generation of electricity by means of turbines or other devices that capture and employ the kinetic energy of the wind.

C.R.S. § 30-11-131 Regulation of pesticide use - definitions

30-11-131. Regulation of pesticide use - definitions. (1) A board of county commissioners that adopts an ordinance that concerns pesticides shall file the following with the commissioner of agriculture in accordance with section 35-10-112.5 (4): (a) A certified copy of the ordinance; and (b) A map or legal description of the geographic area that the board of county commissioners intends to regulate under the ordinance. (2) As used in this section, unless the context otherwise requires: (a) "Commissioner of agriculture" means the commissioner of the department of agriculture appointed pursuant to section 35-1-107 (1) or the commissioner's designee. (b) "Pesticide" has the meaning set forth in section 35-10-103 (10).

C.R.S. § 30-11-132 Property tax incentive programs for areas of specific local concern - definitions

30-11-132. Property tax incentive programs for areas of specific local concern - definitions. (1) As used in this section, unless the context otherwise requires: (a) (I) "Area of specific local concern" means a use of real property in a county that is determined by a board of county commissioners to be diminishing or unavailable based on verifiable data and which use the board of county commissioners finds and declares necessary for the preservation of the health, safety, or welfare of the residents of the county, including as to matters of equity, access to housing, and access to education. (II) "Area of specific local concern" does not include a use of real property in a county that harms or may reasonably be expected to harm a disproportionately impacted community as defined in section 24-4-109 (2)(b)(II). (III) "Area of specific local concern" does not include a use of real property in a county that prevents or may reasonably be expected to prevent meeting the minimum greenhouse gas emission reduction goals and deadlines established in section 25-7-102 (2)(g). (b) "County" means any county or city and county in the state. (c) "County property tax credit or rebate" means a partial or full credit or refund of county property taxes owed or paid by a program participant in accordance with a county property tax levy. (d) "Incentive program" means a property tax credit or rebate program intended and designed to directly incentivize improvement in an area of specific local concern as specified in a resolution or an ordinance adopted by a board of county commissioners. (e) "Municipality" has the same meaning as set forth in section 31-1-101 (6). (f) "Program participant" means an owner of real property in the county that has applied and meets the criteria set forth by resolution or ordinance adopted by the board of county commissioners to participate in an incentive program and that in fact participates in the incentive program. (2) Notwithstanding any law to the contrary, a county may offer an incentive, in the form of a county property tax credit or rebate, to a property owner that is a program participant in an incentive program established in accordance with this section. (3) (a) An incentive program must be established by resolution or ordinance adopted by a board of county commissioners at a hearing that is open to the public and that includes an opportunity for public testimony. The county must notify the clerk of each municipality that is wholly or partly located in the county and that may be impacted by the incentive program of the hearing at least thirty days in advance. The notice must describe the specific area of local concern, including the use of real property, addressed by the incentive program and the proposed county property tax credit or rebate. Each municipality must have an opportunity to submit written comments and provide testimony at the hearing. (b) An ordinance or a resolution adopted by a board of county commissioners must include: (I) The board of county commissioners' findings and determinations regarding the diminishment or unavailability of a use of real property in the county that gives rise to an area of specific local concern that is the basis for the incentive program; and (II) Specific criteria for the qualification of program participants. (4) The opportunity to be a program participant must be equally available to all owners of the same class of real property located in the county whose use of their property is an area of specific local concern. (5) (a) The board of county commissioners shall, on an annual basis, evaluate each incentive program established pursuant to this section to determine its effectiveness in improving each area of specific local concern identified in the ordinance or resolution creating the incentive program. ss of real property located in the county whose use of their property is an area of specific local concern. (5) (a) The board of county commissioners shall, on an annual basis, evaluate each incentive program established pursuant to this section to determine its effectiveness in improving each area of specific local concern identified in the ordinance or resolution creating the incentive program. (b) The board of county commissioners shall, on an annual basis, publicize the results of the evaluation of each incentive program established pursuant to this section at a hearing that is open to the public and that includes an opportunity for public testimony. (c) The board of county commissioners may renew an incentive program for not more than one year if the board of county commissioners determines that the incentive program has been and is likely to continue to be effective in addressing each area of specific local concern identified in the ordinance or resolution creating the incentive program.

C.R.S. § 30-11-201 Merger not to affect pending actions

30-11-201. Merger not to affect pending actions. No action or proceeding to which any municipality merged into the city and county of Denver is a party or in which it is in any way interested shall abate by reason of such merger, but the same shall survive and be prosecuted to a conclusion under its title as borne by it at the time of such merger; and any judgment or decree entered therein shall be enforceable by or against the city and county of Denver to the full extent of the interest or liability of the said municipality so merged, the same as if said city and county of Denver were expressly made a party thereto. No right or cause of action by or against any such municipality so merged shall be lost or extinguished by reason of such merger, and the same shall be thereafter enforced and prosecuted by or against the city and county of Denver.

C.R.S. § 30-11-203 Records concerning charter amendment

30-11-203. Records concerning charter amendment. It is the duty of the secretary of state to carefully preserve all certified charters and charter amendments and measures, and the record of votes thereon, that come to his office under the operation of the constitutional amendment creating the city and county of Denver. He shall publish them in the next ensuing volume of the session laws of the state. The originals, during office hours, shall be open to the inspection of the public.

C.R.S. § 30-11-204 Channel of Platte river - improvement

30-11-204. Channel of Platte river - improvement. The city council of the city and county of Denver is authorized to improve, change, straighten, widen, narrow, deepen, or extend the channel of the South Platte river within the city and county of Denver.

C.R.S. § 30-11-205 City to control channel

30-11-205. City to control channel. The width, depth, course, and dimensions of said channel shall be as established by ordinance duly enacted by the council of the city and county of Denver, and said city and county has the power to acquire by purchase or condemnation all lands necessary to improve, straighten, widen, narrow, deepen, or extend said channel, and the public works department has exclusive control of the construction of said improvement.

C.R.S. § 30-11-206 Improvement of channel beyond city limits

30-11-206. Improvement of channel beyond city limits. The city and county of Denver is empowered to extend and improve said channel beyond and outside the limits of the city and county of Denver when in the opinion of the council of said city and county the extension and improvement of said channel beyond the boundary line of said city and county shall more effectually and advantageously accomplish the purpose and object of sections 30-11-204 to 30-11-207, and cause said improvement to be more beneficial to the inhabitants of the city and county of Denver and promote and protect the general health and general welfare.

C.R.S. § 30-11-207 Obstructions or pollutions

30-11-207. Obstructions or pollutions. The city council of the city and county of Denver may enact and adopt ordinances for the purpose of preventing and removing obstructions in said channel or encroachments upon the same or polluting the waters thereof; and to in every manner control, regulate, and protect said property when improved in whole or in part, and provide for a penalty for the violation of any of said ordinances.

C.R.S. § 30-11-208 Contract - teleconferencing facilities and services - repeal

30-11-208. Contract - teleconferencing facilities and services - repeal. (Repealed)

C.R.S. § 30-11-301 Definitions

30-11-301. Definitions. As used in this part 3, unless the context otherwise requires: (1) "Landfill-generated methane gas" means those gases resulting from the biological decomposition of landfilled solid wastes, including methane, carbon dioxide, hydrogen, and traces of other gases, and shall be referred to in this part 3 as "landfill gas". (1.5) "Oil and gas" means oil, gas, casinghead gas, condensate, and hydrocarbons or any one or more of them. (2) "Real estate owned by a county" and "county lands" means any real estate acquired and owned by a county under the laws relating to taxation or otherwise.

C.R.S. § 30-11-302 Oil, gas, and mineral rights - reservation of - sale

30-11-302. Oil, gas, and mineral rights - reservation of - sale. (1) In any sale of county lands made by any county acting through its board of county commissioners, a valid reservation of oil and gas and other minerals in such lands may be made when in the opinion of the board of county commissioners it is deemed to be for the best interest of the county. Oil and gas and other mineral rights or any of them thus reserved by a county upon the sale of such real estate may be sold by order of the board of county commissioners at public sale to the highest and best bidder after four weeks' prior notice by publication two times in a newspaper of general circulation in the county in which the land is situated, said notice to describe the oil and gas or other mineral rights to be sold, the location of the land involved, and the date, time, and place of such sale; but a copy of said notice shall be mailed, postage prepaid, by the board of county commissioners to the owner of the surface at the time of such notice as shown by the records in the office of the county assessor of the county in which such lands are situated at the last-known address of such owner as shown by said books of the county assessor, and that a copy of said notice shall be mailed, postage prepaid, by the board of county commissioners to the person in possession of the surface. (2) In the sale of reserved oil and gas rights under any tract of land, the number of acres contained in any one parcel or unit of sale of such rights shall not exceed the total number of acres of such surface land sold by the county to the purchaser thereof at the time of reservation therefrom of the oil and gas rights thus offered for sale. Nothing contained in this section shall prevent a county from selling any number of such units or parcels at any public sale. The board of county commissioners has the right to reject any and all bids. (3) Mineral rights, other than oil and gas, reserved as provided in this section may be leased for exploration, development, and production purposes upon such terms and conditions as may be prescribed and contracted by the board of county commissioners in the exercise of its best judgment and as such board deems to be for the best interests of the county. Any such lease of mineral rights, other than oil and gas, shall be for a term not to exceed twenty-five years and as long thereafter as such minerals are produced. Leases of any such mineral rights made or entered into by the board in conformity with the provisions of this section prior to February 25, 1955, are hereby confirmed, validated, and declared to be legal and valid insofar as the authority of any such board is concerned.

C.R.S. § 30-11-303 Oil and gas rights - leases - royalties

30-11-303. Oil and gas rights - leases - royalties. (1) Any county acting by its board of county commissioners may lease any real estate or any interest therein owned by the county for oil and gas exploration, development, and production purposes upon such terms and conditions as may be prescribed and contracted by the board of county commissioners in the exercise of its best judgment, and as such board deems to be for the best interests of the county. (2) Any such lease of oil and gas rights shall be for a term not to exceed five years and as long thereafter as oil or gas is produced and shall provide for a royalty of not less than twelve and one-half percent of all oil and gas produced, saved, and marketed, or the equivalent market value thereof, which royalty may be reduced proportionately under appropriate provision in such lease if the interest of the county is less than a full interest in the land or oil and gas rights in the land described in such lease. (3) When, in the opinion of the board of county commissioners and because of the size, shape, or current use of any tract of county real estate, the public interest so requires, any lease of such tract may provide that no drilling shall be conducted on the land covered thereby, in which case such lease shall be for a term not to exceed ten years and so long thereafter as the county may share in royalties payable on account of production of oil or gas from lands adjacent to such tract of county land so leased.

C.R.S. § 30-11-304 Agreements to pool lands for production purposes

30-11-304. Agreements to pool lands for production purposes. When deemed by the board of county commissioners to be in the best interest of the county, any county acting by its board of county commissioners may enter into any unit agreement providing for the pooling or consolidation of acreage covered by any oil and gas lease executed by such county with other acreage for oil and gas exploration, development, and production purposes and providing for the apportionment or allocation of royalties among the separate tracts of land included in such unit agreement on an acreage or other equitable basis, and may by such agreement, with the consent of its lessee, change any and all of the provisions of any lease issued by such county including the term of years for which such lease was originally granted in order to conform such lease to the terms and provisions of such unit agreement and to facilitate the efficient and economic production of oil and gas from the unit lands.

C.R.S. § 30-11-305 Prior agreements validated

30-11-305. Prior agreements validated. All reservations of oil and gas and other mineral rights and sales of previously reserved oil and gas and other mineral rights in county lands made or entered into by any county prior to May 20, 1949, acting by its board of county commissioners, all leases of oil and gas or rights, and all unit agreements relating to or dealing with oil and gas and containing provisions similar to those set forth in section 30-11-304, affecting county lands, made or entered into by any county prior to May 20, 1949, acting by its board of county commissioners are hereby confirmed, validated, and declared to be legal and valid in all respects.

C.R.S. § 30-11-306 Legislative declaration concerning landfill gas

30-11-306. Legislative declaration concerning landfill gas. The general assembly hereby declares that landfill gas constitutes a hazard to the health, welfare, and safety of the people of this state, whether such gas has accumulated as a result of a public or private landfill operation, and that the extraction of landfill gas will ameliorate this dangerous condition, and further declares that the development of landfill gas will provide a valuable, alternate energy resource to the citizens of this state. In order to diminish this hazard and utilize this energy resource, the powers of counties are hereby expanded to authorize landfill gas exploration, development, and production; the financing thereof; the marketing and sale of landfill gas to any public or private person or entity; and the county use thereof for any purpose.

C.R.S. § 30-11-307 County authority relating to landfill gas

30-11-307. County authority relating to landfill gas. (1) To accomplish the purposes specified in section 30-11-306, counties are granted the following powers: (a) To acquire, hold, use, transfer, and convey any real property or any interest therein for purposes of landfill gas exploration, production, and development; (b) To engage in any and all activities respecting the exploration, development, production, distribution, marketing, and sale of landfill gas to any person or public or private entity, or for county uses; (c) (I) To acquire by gift, purchase, or condemnation necessary easements and rights-of-way, for ingress and egress and for the installation of facilities related to collection and distribution of landfill gas; except that the power of condemnation granted in this paragraph (c) shall not extend to acquisition of landfill gas in place nor shall such power be available to a county until the county has entered into a contract with the owner of such landfill gas for the development, extraction, and purchase of such landfill gas, and except that such condemnation shall not interfere with the normal use of any real property, or other property appurtenant thereto, which is devoted or dedicated to a public utility use or upon which landfill gas abatement or recovery facilities have been placed in operation and shall be limited to the maximum reasonable width or area necessary to install, operate, and maintain such rights-of-way, ingress and egress, and collection and distribution facilities. (II) Any interest in real property acquired by condemnation pursuant to this paragraph (c) shall terminate upon the completion of use of such real property, or any interest therein, for landfill gas operations, and any such condemnation shall be in the manner provided in part 1 of article 6 of title 38, C.R.S. (d) To enter into contracts, including intergovernmental contracts, and to perform all acts necessary to produce, distribute, and market landfill gas; (e) To issue general obligation bonds, after approval of the qualified electors of the county, for purposes of financing the exploration, development, production, distribution, and marketing of landfill gas; (f) To issue revenue bonds authorized by action of the board of county commissioners, without the approval of the qualified electors of the county, for purposes of financing the exploration, development, production, distribution, and marketing of landfill gas. Such revenue bonds shall be issued in the manner provided in part 4 of article 35 of title 31, C.R.S., for the issuance of revenue bonds by municipalities; except that such revenue bonds may be sold in one or more series at par, or below or above par, at public or private sale, in such manner and for such price as the county, in its discretion, shall determine. Such revenue bonds and interest coupons, if any, appurtenant thereto shall never constitute the debt or indebtedness of the county within the meaning of any provision or limitation of the state constitution or statutes, and shall not constitute nor give rise to a pecuniary liability of the county or a charge against its general credit or taxing powers, and such revenue bonds and the income therefrom are exempt from taxation, except inheritance, estate, and transfer taxes.

C.R.S. § 30-11-401 Short title

30-11-401. Short title. This part 4 shall be known and may be cited as the "Law Enforcement Authority Act of 1969".

C.R.S. § 30-11-402 Legislative declaration

30-11-402. Legislative declaration. It is the intent of the general assembly in the enactment of this part 4 to provide an alternative and additional means to provide law enforcement for the citizens of this state, especially those residing in developed or developing unincorporated areas of counties, to combat the rising crime rate therein, and to better assist police and other law enforcement agencies in the prevention of crime and in the detection and apprehension of criminal offenders.

C.R.S. § 30-11-403 Definitions

30-11-403. Definitions. As used in this part 4, unless the context otherwise requires: (1) "Area" or "territory" means all areas of land in a county included or proposed to be included in a law enforcement authority, which may consist of all or a portion of the unincorporated area of the county but may not include any single tract or parcel of property containing twenty acres or more without the written consent of the owner thereof, unless such tract or parcel would be entirely within the boundaries of an area. (2) (a) (I) An "elector" of an authority means a person who, at the designated time or event, is registered to vote in general elections in this state; and (II) Who has been a resident of the authority or the area to be included in the authority for not less than thirty days; or (III) Who or whose spouse owns taxable real or personal property within the authority or the area to be included within the authority, whether or not said person resides within the authority. (b) A person who is obligated to pay general taxes under a contract to purchase real property within the authority shall be considered an owner within the meaning of this subsection (2). The ownership of property on which a specific ownership tax is paid pursuant to law shall not qualify a person as an elector. Taxable property shall mean real or personal property subject to general ad valorem taxes. (c) Registration pursuant to the general election laws or any other laws shall not be required. (3) "Law enforcement authority", referred to in this part 4 as an "authority", means a taxing unit which may be created by a county in this state for the purpose of providing additional law enforcement by the county sheriff to the residents of the developed or developing unincorporated area of the county. (4) "Publication", when no manner of publication is specified, means publication once a week for three consecutive weeks in a newspaper of general circulation in the area of the authority. It shall not be necessary that publication be made on the same day of the week in each of the three consecutive weeks, but not less than fourteen days, excluding the day of first publication, shall intervene between the day of the first publication and the day of the last publication, and publication shall be complete on the day of the last publication.

C.R.S. § 30-11-404 Organization of authority

30-11-404. Organization of authority. (1) The board of county commissioners of any county in this state may by resolution create an authority pursuant to the provisions of this part 4, which authority shall be a political subdivision of this state. (2) No resolution creating an authority under this part 4 shall be adopted by a board of county commissioners unless prior notice of such action, including the date, time, and place of meeting of said board, shall be made by publication, and an opportunity to be heard in person or by counsel shall be afforded to persons desiring to appear. (3) The resolution creating such an authority shall contain the following: (a) The name of the proposed district, which shall include the name of the county and the words "law enforcement authority"; (b) A general description of the territory included in the authority, with such certainty to enable a property owner to determine whether or not his property is within the authority; and (c) Where applicable, the specific powers and duties of the authority, as provided in this part 4, but if the authority is authorized to exercise all such powers and duties under this part 4, only a general statement to this effect need be included. (4) The resolution creating any such authority shall not take effect until thirty days following the canvass of votes cast at the election conducted pursuant to section 30-11-405. (5) On the effective date of such resolution, the board of county commissioners shall, ex officio, constitute the governing board of the authority and shall exercise the powers and duties prescribed in this part 4 and in the resolution.

C.R.S. § 30-11-405 Election

30-11-405. Election. (1) The board of county commissioners shall call a special election in the area proposed to be included in the authority, as described in the resolution, which election shall be held not less than thirty nor more than forty-five days after adoption of the resolution by the board of county commissioners. (2) No authority shall be created unless the proposition to create such authority shall first be submitted to and approved by the electors of the authority. (3) Notice of the election shall be by publication and shall contain the question to be submitted, the date of the election, the times that the polls shall be open, and the place of each polling place. Designation of election precincts and polling places and election contests shall be pursuant to the provisions of part 8 of article 1 of title 32, C.R.S. (4) Said election shall otherwise be conducted, insofar as practicable, as are general elections. Election judges shall be appointed and compensated by the board of county commissioners, and their powers and duties shall be defined and exercised pursuant to the comparable provisions of law governing general elections, except that they shall be appointed without regard to political affiliation. All costs of such election shall be paid out of the county general fund. (5) If a majority of those electors of the authority voting at said election have voted in favor of such proposition, said authority shall be approved and the resolution creating the same shall become effective as provided in section 30-11-404.

C.R.S. § 30-11-406 Powers of law enforcement authority

30-11-406. Powers of law enforcement authority. (1) Each law enforcement authority formed pursuant to this part 4 has the following powers, except as otherwise limited by the resolution creating the same: (a) To have perpetual existence; (b) To sue and be sued and be a party to suits, actions, and proceedings; (c) To enter into contracts and agreements with the sheriff of the county in which the authority is located to provide law enforcement services for the authority, except as otherwise provided in this part 4; (d) To employ such administrative, clerical, and professional employees as may be necessary to carry out the purposes of the authority; (e) To levy a tax not to exceed five mills for the 1982 property tax year or seven mills for the 1983 property tax year and each property tax year thereafter on the taxable property within the area of the authority, for the payment of the operating expenses of the authority. In any case in which an authority proposes to impose a mill levy which is the maximum mill levy allowable under this paragraph (e) or which is in excess of the certified mill levy computed pursuant to section 30-11-406.5, such authority shall follow the procedure set forth in section 30-11-406.5.

C.R.S. § 30-11-406.5 Procedure for levying property tax - public disclosure - county assessor's duties

30-11-406.5. Procedure for levying property tax - public disclosure - county assessor's duties. (1) No later than August 25 of each year, each county assessor shall certify to each authority within the assessor's county the total valuation for assessment of all taxable property located within the territorial limits of the authority and the mill levy that when applied to such valuation for assessment, exclusive of the increased valuation for assessment attributable to annexation or inclusion of additional land, the improvements thereon, and personal property connected therewith within the authority for the preceding year, or attributable to new construction and personal property connected therewith within the authority for the preceding year, or attributable to increased volume of production for the preceding year by a producing mine if said mine is wholly or partially within the authority and if such increase in volume of production causes an increase in the level of services provided by the authority, or attributable to previously legally exempt federal property that becomes taxable if such property causes an increase in the level of services provided by the authority, will raise the same property tax revenue as was raised the previous year. (2) Any authority which proposes to impose a mill levy in excess of the mill levy for the previous year shall submit such proposal at an election in accordance with section 20 of article X of the state constitution and title 1, C.R.S. (3) to (6) (Deleted by amendment, L. 94, p. 1188, § 84, effective July 1, 1994.)

C.R.S. § 30-11-407 Short-term loans for new authorities

30-11-407. Short-term loans for new authorities. In order to provide funds for a new authority to operate prior to the receipt of revenues from property taxes, an authority may contract with any person, corporation, association, or company for a short-term loan, not to exceed the amount necessary for such operation, and such loan shall be fully paid within twelve months; but subsequent short-term loans may be made in each budget year in smaller amounts and shall be paid within six months. Such subsequent loans shall be scheduled to liquidate the accumulated debt fully in a period not to exceed ten years after the date of the first loan. Interest paid on such loans shall be exempt from taxation by the state or any political subdivision thereof.

C.R.S. § 30-11-408 Detachment - dissolution

30-11-408. Detachment - dissolution. (1) Upon the effective date of the annexation to any city, town, or city and county, or the incorporation of any territory included in an authority, upon the certification thereof by the clerk of such municipality, the territory so annexed or incorporated shall be detached from such authority as of the effective date thereof, if such be January 1 of any year; otherwise, such detachment shall take effect on the following January 1, for purposes of general property taxation. Property so detached shall not thereafter be liable for any portion of the outstanding indebtedness of the authority. (2) Upon the annexation or incorporation of fifty percent or more of the area of the territory included in any authority, or upon petition by ten percent of the electors and the approval of a majority of the electors of the authority voting at a special election called for that purpose, pursuant to the applicable provisions of section 30-11-405, any authority formed under this part 4 shall be dissolved effective the following January 1, except that if any indebtedness of the authority is unpaid and outstanding, the authority shall continue in existence for taxation purposes only until all obligations of the authority are paid.

C.R.S. § 30-11-409 Payments to sheriff

30-11-409. Payments to sheriff. Moneys paid to any sheriff for services pursuant to the provisions of this part 4 shall be expended by the sheriff only for law enforcement purposes, including administration and capital expenditures, pursuant to agreements entered into as authorized by this part 4.

C.R.S. § 30-11-410 Power to contract for provision of law enforcement services

30-11-410. Power to contract for provision of law enforcement services. (1) The governing body of a municipality and the board of county commissioners may contract for the purpose of providing law enforcement, including enforcement of municipal ordinances, by the sheriff within the boundaries of the municipality. (2) The law enforcement authority and the sheriff may contract with other law enforcement agencies or with municipalities for the provision of law enforcement services within the unincorporated areas of the county.

C.R.S. § 30-11-411 Inclusion of land

30-11-411. Inclusion of land. An additional area may be included in a law enforcement authority, upon petition of all electors and landowners in such area, by resolution of the board of county commissioners or by such resolution and a vote of a majority of electors of such area in the same manner as provided for the organization of a law enforcement authority.

C.R.S. § 30-11-501 County home rule charters

30-11-501. County home rule charters. Any county in this state, pursuant to the provisions of this part 5, may establish the organization and structure of county government which shall be submitted to and adopted by a majority vote of the registered electors of the county which shall be known as a county home rule charter.

C.R.S. § 30-11-502 Charter commission

30-11-502. Charter commission. (1) Following the adoption of a resolution by the board of county commissioners, or upon the submission of a petition of not less than five percent of the registered electors of the county, requesting that a charter commission be established, the board of county commissioners shall call an election to be held on or before the next general election for the purpose of determining whether or not a charter commission shall be elected. The board of county commissioners shall publish notice of the election at least sixty days prior to the election. (2) (a) At least sixty days before the election provided for in section 30-11-503, the board of county commissioners shall divide the county into three compact districts; such districts to be as nearly equal in population as possible, for the purpose of electing charter commission members by district according to subsection (4) of this section. (b) If the provisions of paragraph (a) of this subsection (2) are not met before sixty days prior to the election provided for in section 30-11-503, no member of the board of county commissioners of the county shall thereafter be entitled to or earn any compensation for his services or receive any payment for salary or expenses, nor shall any member be eligible to succeed himself in office. (3) (a) The charter commission shall consist of the following members and be elected from the district as follows: (I) In counties having a population of less than fifty thousand, eleven members, three of whom shall reside in and be elected from each commissioner district within the county and two to be elected at large; (II) In counties having a population of fifty thousand or more, twenty-one members, six of whom shall reside in and be elected from each commissioner district and three to be elected at large. (b) Eligibility to serve on the commission shall extend to all qualified electors of the county. Any vacancy in the charter commission shall be filled by majority vote of the members of the charter commission. (4) Candidates for the charter commission shall be nominated by filing with the county clerk and recorder, on forms supplied by the county clerk and recorder, a nomination petition signed by at least twenty-five registered electors of the county and a statement by the candidate consenting to serve if elected. Said petition and statement must be filed within thirty days after publication of the election notice. A second notice of the election shall be published by the said commissioners and include the names of candidates for the charter commission.

C.R.S. § 30-11-503 Election on formation of charter convention and designation of members

30-11-503. Election on formation of charter convention and designation of members. (1) At the election, voters shall cast ballots for or against forming the charter commission. If a majority of the registered electors voting thereon vote for forming the charter commission, a commission to frame a charter shall be deemed formed. (2) At the election voters shall also cast ballots for electing the requisite number of charter commission members. Those candidates receiving the highest number of votes shall be elected. In the event of tie votes for the last available vacancy, the clerk shall determine by lot the person who shall be elected.

C.R.S. § 30-11-504 Development of proposed charter

30-11-504. Development of proposed charter. (1) A charter commission elected pursuant to section 30-11-503 shall meet on a date designated by the board of county commissioners for the purposes of organization within thirty days after the election. The charter commission shall elect a chairman and a vice-chairman from among its membership. Further meetings of the commission shall be held upon call of the chairman or a majority of the members of the commission. All meetings shall be open to the public. A majority of the charter commission shall constitute a quorum. The commission may adopt such other rules for its operations and proceedings as it deems necessary or desirable. Members of the commission shall receive no compensation but shall be reimbursed for necessary expenses pursuant to law. (2) The charter commission shall conduct a comprehensive study of the operation of county government and of the ways in which the conduct of county government might be improved or reorganized. Within two hundred forty days after its initial meeting, the charter commission shall present to the board of county commissioners a proposed charter, upon which it shall have held three public hearings at intervals of not less than fifteen nor more than thirty days, and notice of these public hearings shall be published not less than fifteen days prior to each public hearing in a newspaper of general circulation within the county. Within ten days of the last of such public hearings, the charter commission shall incorporate any amendments it deems desirable. A majority vote of the members of the charter commission in favor of a proposed charter for the county shall be required to forward said charter to the board of county commissioners for the setting of a referendum election as provided in section 30-11-505. (3) In the event that the charter commission fails to present a charter to the board of county commissioners after the specified time, the charter commission shall recess for a period of not less than thirty days nor more than ninety days. The board of county commissioners shall then call the charter commission to begin a second attempt to present a charter which shall be presented within a period of ninety days. In the event a second attempt to present a charter to the board of county commissioners also fails, the charter commission shall be excused from its duties and dissolved by the board. All records, files, and proceedings of the charter commission shall be submitted to the board of county commissioners for storage and safekeeping as a public record. A new charter commission shall be elected on dissolution as provided in section 30-11-502. (4) The board of county commissioners is authorized to establish a special county charter fund and establish a mill levy therefor when the charter commission has submitted a preliminary budget approved by the board of county commissioners. The expenses of the charter commission shall be verified by a majority vote of the commission and shall be submitted to the board of county commissioners for approval, which approval shall not be unreasonably withheld. If approved, payment shall be made from the special county charter fund. The charter commission may employ a staff, may consult and retain experts, and may purchase, lease, or otherwise provide for such supplies, materials, equipment, and facilities as it deems necessary or desirable. The board of county commissioners may accept funds, grants, gifts, and services for the charter commission from the state of Colorado, the government of the United States or any of its agencies, or other sources, public or private.

C.R.S. § 30-11-505 Referendum election on charter - adoption or rejection

30-11-505. Referendum election on charter - adoption or rejection. (1) Upon submission to the board of county commissioners of a charter by the charter commission, the board of county commissioners shall call a special election, to be paid for from the special county charter fund and held pursuant to the Colorado election laws. The special election shall be held not more than ninety days nor less than forty-five days after the board of county commissioners receives the proposed charter; however, if a coordinated election or general election is to be held within sixty days after the board of county commissioners receives the proposed charter, the special election shall be held as part of the coordinated election or general election. The board of county commissioners shall publish in a newspaper of general circulation within the county a complete text of the proposed charter not less than ten days prior to the special election. At the special election a referendum of the registered electors of the county shall be held to determine the question of whether the proposed charter as submitted shall be adopted. Notice of the election on the proposed charter shall be published at least thirty days prior to the election. (2) If a majority of those voting on the question favor the adoption of the charter, the said charter shall become effective January 1 of the succeeding year or at such other time as the charter may provide. Such charter, once adopted by the electors, may be amended only by the registered electors of the county. (3) If a majority of the voters disapprove the proposed charter, the charter commission may proceed to prepare a revised proposed charter in the same manner provided for preparation, submission, and election on the proposed charter. The election on any revised proposed charter must be held not less than ninety nor more than one hundred eighty days after the election rejecting the proposed charter. The charter commission shall not submit more than one proposed charter and one revised proposed charter. If a majority of the voters disapprove the proposed charter, or the revised proposed charter, if one is submitted, no new referendum may be held during the next twelve months following the date of the last disapproval. (4) Upon acceptance or rejection of the proposed charter or the revised proposed charter, if one is submitted by the registered electors of the county, the charter commission shall be dissolved, and all property of the charter commission shall thereupon become the property of the county, and the board of county commissioners shall adopt a resolution to that effect.

C.R.S. § 30-11-506 Procedure to amend or repeal charter

30-11-506. Procedure to amend or repeal charter. (1) Action to amend a charter shall be initiated by: (a) A petition signed by at least five percent of the registered electors of the county; or (b) A resolution adopted by the board of county commissioners submitting the proposed amendment to the registered electors. (2) Action to repeal a charter or to form a new charter commission may be initiated by a petition signed by at least fifteen percent of the registered electors of the county. (3) (a) Within thirty days of initiation of a proposed amendment, repeal, or charter convention measure, the board of county commissioners shall publish notice of and call an election to be held not less than thirty nor more than one hundred twenty days after said publication. The text of any proposed amendment shall be published with said notice. (b) If the proposal is for a charter commission, the election shall be scheduled at least sixty days after publication of the notice. The procedure for the forming and functioning of a new charter commission shall comply as nearly as practicable with provisions relating to formation and functioning of an initial charter commission. (4) If a majority of the registered electors voting thereon vote for a proposed amendment, the amendment shall be deemed approved. If a majority of the registered electors voting thereon vote for repeal of the charter, the charter shall be deemed repealed, and the county shall proceed to organize and operate pursuant to the statutes applicable to statutory counties.

C.R.S. § 30-11-507 Filings - effect of

30-11-507. Filings - effect of. (1) Within twenty days after voter approval, a certified copy of the charter shall be filed with the division of local government and with the county clerk and recorder. (2) This section shall also apply to an amendment or repeal of a charter.

C.R.S. § 30-11-508 Initiative, referendum, and recall

30-11-508. Initiative, referendum, and recall. Every charter shall contain procedures for the initiative and referendum of measures and for the recall of elected officers.

C.R.S. § 30-11-509 Time limit on submission of similar proposals

30-11-509. Time limit on submission of similar proposals. No proposal for a charter commission, charter amendment, or repeal of a charter shall be initiated within twelve months after rejection of a substantially similar proposal.

C.R.S. § 30-11-510 Publication requirements

30-11-510. Publication requirements. "Publish" or "publication" means one publication in one newspaper of general circulation in the county. If there is no such newspaper, publication shall be by posting in at least three public places within the county.

C.R.S. § 30-11-511 Board of county commissioners - home rule counties

30-11-511. Board of county commissioners - home rule counties. A home rule county shall provide all mandatory county functions, services, and facilities and shall exercise all mandatory powers required by statute. A home rule county may provide such permissive functions, services, and facilities and may exercise such permissive powers as authorized by statute applicable to nonhome rule counties, except as may be otherwise prohibited or limited by the county charter or the constitution of Colorado. Any power, function, service, or facility vested by statute in a particular county officer, agency, or board, including a board of county commissioners, may be exercised or performed within a home rule county by such county officer, agency, or board or by any other county officer, agency, or board designated in the home rule charter. For home rule counties, the term "board of county commissioners" means the governing body of the county designated by the county.

C.R.S. § 30-11-512 Finality

30-11-512. Finality. No proceeding contesting the adoption of a charter, charter amendment, or repeal thereof shall be brought unless commenced within one hundred eighty days after the election adopting the measure.

C.R.S. § 30-11-513 Officers

30-11-513. Officers. Officers of a home rule county shall be appointed or elected as provided for in the charter; the terms of office and qualifications of such officers shall also be provided for in the charter; however, the duties of such officers shall be as provided by statute. The charter shall designate the officers who shall respectively perform the acts and duties required of county officers by statute. No elected official shall receive any increase or decrease in compensation under any resolution passed during the term for which he was elected.

C.R.S. § 30-11-601 Short title

30-11-601. Short title. This part 6 shall be known and may be cited as the "Telecommunications Research Facilities of the United States Protection Act of 1969".

C.R.S. § 30-11-602 Legislative declaration

30-11-602. Legislative declaration. (1) The general assembly hereby declares that it is the purpose of this part 6 to assist in promoting and protecting telecommunications research facilities of the United States which are located within the state of Colorado. (2) Specifically, it is the purpose of this part 6 to: (a) Avoid undue interferences caused by emanation of electrical impulses from electrical equipment functioning in the area surrounding telecommunications research facilities of the United States; (b) Promote the public interest by encouraging economic improvement and development of this state, and further, to promote educational and scientific research within this state; (c) Encourage the continued operational capability of telecommunications research facilities of the United States in areas of this state, which, in turn, will encourage and contribute to the economic improvement and development of the state and will promote educational and scientific research within this state.

C.R.S. § 30-11-603 Definitions

30-11-603. Definitions. As used in this part 6, unless the context otherwise requires: (1) "Expressways" or "major arterials" means those rights-of-way used primarily for fast or heavy traffic; and "collector streets" means those rights-of-way which have four lanes or more of moving traffic which carry traffic from local streets to the system of major arterials and highways and move traffic to parks, schools, and shopping centers serving residential neighborhoods. (2) "Governing body" means a city council, a board of trustees of a town, or a board of county commissioners. (3) "Planning commission" means the regional planning commission, county planning commission, district planning commission, or zoning commission, as the case may be, which has the responsibility of preparing plans for zoning or the making or adopting of plans for the physical development of the unincorporated and incorporated territory located within a distance of two miles from the perimeter of any telecommunications research facility of the United States. (4) "Telecommunications research facility of the United States" means a site presently owned by the United States in this state consisting of not less than fifteen hundred contiguous acres in area and having located thereon technical electronic facilities of a value of more than five million dollars operated by an agency of the United States, and which technical electronic facilities are principally utilized in a program of scientific research in telecommunications and related atmospheric science, involving highly sensitive reception, observation, measurement, and recording of radio waves from distant emanation of experimental signals, radio astronomical sources, or electromagnetic phenomena of the atmosphere or ionosphere.

C.R.S. § 30-11-604 Scope of part 6

30-11-604. Scope of part 6. Nothing in this part 6 shall be construed to change any zoning or restrict or limit any land use in effect on and after April 23, 1969, within a city, town, or a county in which a telecommunications research facility of the United States is wholly or partially located.

C.R.S. § 30-11-605 Powers and duties of governing bodies, planning commissions, and boards of adjustment

30-11-605. Powers and duties of governing bodies, planning commissions, and boards of adjustment. (1) Upon being requested to do so by an agency of the United States, the governing body shall determine if any telecommunications research facility of the United States is located wholly or partially within its jurisdiction. If such determination results in a finding that such a facility is so located, the planning commission, the board of adjustment, and the governing body shall, from and after April 23, 1969, be bound by the following: When considering any request for rezoning, exceptions to or variances from the terms of zoning regulations, or changed or additional uses of land within a distance of two miles from the perimeter of any telecommunications research facility of the United States, the planning commission, the board of adjustment, and the governing body shall consider, in a like manner as those criteria set forth in sections 30-28-115 and 31-23-303, C.R.S., and other criteria applied to the consideration of requests for rezoning, exceptions to or variances from zoning regulations, or changed or additional uses of land, any data presented as to the effect that development made pursuant to such request will have on such telecommunications research facility of the United States, including what interference may be caused to said facility by the emanation of electrical impulses from electrical equipment that may be installed if such request is approved. (2) If approval for any request for rezoning to a zoning district, for an exception to or variance from the terms of any zoning regulation, or for a changed or additional use of land, which will permit hospitals, industrial, business, or commercial uses is sought within a distance of two miles from the perimeter of any telecommunications research facility of the United States, the planning commission, the board of adjustment, and the governing body may request reasonable information regarding the proposed use to be made from the applicant submitting the request for approval, including, but not limited to, a summary of the kinds of industrial electrical equipment expected to be installed on such property if the approval being sought is given. (3) Within a distance of two miles from the perimeter of any telecommunications research facility of the United States, any approval of a subdivision plat in a residential zoning district and any approval for rezoning from existing districts to other districts that may exist or be created by the zoning resolution of any city, town, or county in which a telecommunications research facility of the United States is located shall be granted only if the covenants set forth in paragraphs (a) to (e) of subsection (4) of this section are included in the subdivision plat or as part of the rezoning request, which covenants shall be filed for recording with the county clerk and recorder following approval by the governing body; but said governing body may, under reasonable circumstances, waive the application of any one or more of said covenants with respect to all or any part of the affected land. The requirements set forth in this subsection (3) shall not apply to the approval of subdivision plats in single-family residential zoning districts where the minimum lot area permitted is one acre or more if the subdivision plat is approved, to requests for rezoning to single-family residential zoning districts in which the minimum lot area on unsubdivided land will be one acre or more if the rezoning request is approved, or to requests for rezoning to forestry or agricultural districts. (4) The covenants referred to in subsection (3) of this section are as follows: (a) All electrical distribution lines and service lines and all telephone lines shall be placed underground. (b) No neon signs of any kind shall be permitted on any part of the property. (c) No electrical fences shall be erected on any part of the property. quests for rezoning to forestry or agricultural districts. (4) The covenants referred to in subsection (3) of this section are as follows: (a) All electrical distribution lines and service lines and all telephone lines shall be placed underground. (b) No neon signs of any kind shall be permitted on any part of the property. (c) No electrical fences shall be erected on any part of the property. (d) All street lights shall be shielded so as to minimize upward illumination. (e) No arc welding equipment or remote control garage door openers which employ a radiating type of receiver shall be installed or operated from a permanent location on the property. (5) No expressways or major arterials shall be authorized or constructed within a distance of one mile from the perimeter of any telecommunications research facility of the United States and, unless the governing body specifically makes an exception therefor, no collector streets shall be authorized or constructed within a distance of one mile from the perimeter of any telecommunications research facility of the United States. (6) The limitations of this part 6 shall be incorporated in any zoning resolution, building code resolution, or both, in any city, town, or county in which a telecommunications research facility of the United States is located, and each such city, town, or county shall enforce the same as provided by law. (7) The governing body shall determine, with the assistance of a surveyor, if necessary, the boundaries of lands located in such city, town, or county, or both, as the case may be, affected by the limitations imposed by this part 6 and shall record such boundaries in the office of the county clerk and recorder of said county.
Source: Open US Law by Vaquill AI (CC BY 4.0)URL: https://leg.colorado.gov/sites/default/files/images/olls/crs2024-title-30.docxFetched: 10/6/2026