ARTICLE 2. Wages [1770. - 1785.]

Cal. Labor Code - LAB 2.

in effect

Cal. Labor Code - LAB § 1770. Section 1770.

The Director of the Department of Industrial Relations shall determine the general prevailing rate of per diem wages in accordance with the standards set forth in Section 1773, and the director’s determination in the matter shall be final except as provided in Section 1773.4. Nothing in this article, however, shall prohibit the payment of more than the general prevailing rate of wages to any worker employed on public work. This chapter does not permit any overtime work in violation of Article 3.

Cal. Labor Code - LAB § 1771. Section 1771.

Except for public works projects of one thousand dollars ($1,000) or less, not less than the general prevailing rate of per diem wages for work of a similar character in the locality in which the public work is performed, and not less than the general prevailing rate of per diem wages for holiday and overtime work fixed as provided in this chapter, shall be paid to all workers employed on public works. This section is applicable only to work performed under contract, and is not applicable to work carried out by a public agency with its own forces. This section is applicable to contracts let for maintenance work.

Cal. Labor Code - LAB § 1771.1. Section 1771.1.

(a) A contractor or subcontractor shall not be qualified to bid on, be listed in a bid proposal, subject to the requirements of Section 4104 of the Public Contract Code, or engage in the performance of any contract for public work, as defined in this chapter, unless currently registered and qualified to perform public work pursuant to Section 1725.5. It is not a violation of this section for an unregistered contractor to submit a bid that is authorized by Section 7029.1 of the Business and Professions Code or by Section 10164 or 20103.5 of the Public Contract Code, provided the contractor is registered to perform public work pursuant to Section 1725.5 at the time the contract is awarded. (b) Notice of the requirement described in subdivision (a) shall be included in all bid invitations and public works contracts, and a bid shall not be accepted nor any contract or subcontract entered into without proof of the contractor or subcontractor’s current registration to perform public work pursuant to Section 1725.5. (c) An inadvertent error in listing a subcontractor who is not registered pursuant to Section 1725.5 in a bid proposal shall not be grounds for filing a bid protest or grounds for considering the bid nonresponsive, provided that any of the following apply: (1) The subcontractor is registered prior to the bid opening. (2) Within 24 hours after the bid opening, the subcontractor is registered and has paid the penalty registration fee specified in subparagraph (E) of paragraph (2) of subdivision (a) of Section 1725.5. (3) The subcontractor is replaced by another registered subcontractor pursuant to Section 4107 of the Public Contract Code. (d) Failure by a subcontractor to be registered to perform public work as required by subdivision (a) shall be grounds under Section 4107 of the Public Contract Code for the contractor, with the consent of the awarding authority, to substitute a subcontractor who is registered to perform public work pursuant to Section 1725.5 in place of the unregistered subcontractor. (e) The department shall maintain on its internet website a list of contractors who are currently registered to perform public work pursuant to Section 1725.5. (f) A contract entered into with any contractor or subcontractor in violation of subdivision (a) shall be subject to cancellation, provided that a contract for public work shall not be unlawful, void, or voidable solely due to the failure of the awarding body, contractor, or any subcontractor to comply with the requirements of Section 1725.5 or this section. (g) If the Labor Commissioner or their designee determines that a contractor or subcontractor engaged in the performance of any public work contract without having been registered in accordance with this section, the contractor or subcontractor shall forfeit, as a civil penalty to the state, one hundred dollars ($100) for each day of work performed in violation of the registration requirement, not to exceed an aggregate penalty of eight thousand dollars ($8,000) in addition to any penalty registration fee assessed pursuant to clause (ii) of subparagraph (E) of paragraph (2) of subdivision (a) of Section 1725.5. (h) (1) In addition to, or in lieu of, any other penalty or sanction authorized pursuant to this chapter, a higher tiered public works contractor or subcontractor who is found to have entered into a subcontract with an unregistered lower tier subcontractor to perform any public work in violation of the requirements of Section 1725.5 or this section shall be subject to forfeiture, as a civil penalty to the state, of one hundred dollars ($100) for each day the unregistered lower tier subcontractor performs work in violation of the registration requirement, not to exceed an aggregate penalty of ten thousand dollars ($10,000). (2) The Labor Commissioner shall use the same standards specified in subparagraph (A) of paragraph (2) of subdivision (a) of Section 1775 when determining the severity of the violation and what penalty to assess, and may waive the penalty for a first time violation that was unintentional and did not hinder the Labor Commissioner’s ability to monitor and enforce compliance with the requirements of this chapter. (3) A higher tiered public works contractor or subcontractor shall not be liable for penalties assessed pursuant to paragraph (1) if the lower tier subcontractor’s performance is in violation of the requirements of Section 1725.5 due to the revocation of a previously approved registration. (4) A subcontractor shall not be liable for any penalties assessed against a higher tiered public works contractor or subcontractor pursuant to paragraph (1). A higher tiered public works contractor or subcontractor may not require a lower tiered subcontractor to indemnify or otherwise be liable for any penalties pursuant to paragraph (1). (i) The Labor Commissioner or their designee shall issue a civil wage and penalty assessment, in accordance with the provisions of Section 1741, upon determination of penalties pursuant to subdivision (g) and paragraph (1) of subdivision (h). Review of a civil wage and penalty assessment issued under this subdivision may be requested in accordance with the provisions of Section 1742. The regulations of the Director of Industrial Relations, which govern proceedings for review of civil wage and penalty assessments and the withholding of contract payments under Article 1 (commencing with Section 1720) and Article 2 (commencing with Section 1770), shall apply. (j) (1) Where a contractor or subcontractor engages in the performance of any public work contract without having been registered in violation of the requirements of Section 1725.5 or this section, the Labor Commissioner shall issue and serve a stop order prohibiting the use of the unregistered contractor or the unregistered subcontractor on all public works until the unregistered contractor or unregistered subcontractor is registered. The stop order shall not apply to work by registered contractors or subcontractors on the public work. (2) A stop order may be personally served upon the contractor or subcontractor by either of the following methods: (A) Manual delivery of the order to the contractor or subcontractor personally. (B) Leaving signed copies of the order with the person who is apparently in charge at the site of the public work and by thereafter mailing copies of the order by first-class mail, postage prepaid to the contractor or subcontractor at one of the following: (i) The address of the contractor or subcontractor on file with either the Secretary of State or the Contractors State License Board. (ii) If the contractor or subcontractor has no address on file with the Secretary of State or the Contractors State License Board, the address of the site of the public work. (3) The stop order shall be effective immediately upon service and shall be subject to appeal by the party contracting with the unregistered contractor or subcontractor, by the unregistered contractor or subcontractor, or both. The appeal, hearing, and any further review of the hearing decision shall be governed by the procedures, time limits, and other requirements specified in subdivision (a) of Section 238.1. (4) Any employee of an unregistered contractor or subcontractor who is affected by a work stoppage ordered by the commissioner pursuant to this subdivision shall be paid at their regular hourly prevailing wage rate by that employer for any hours the employee would have worked but for the work stoppage, not to exceed 10 days. (k) Failure of a contractor or subcontractor, owner, director, officer, or managing agent of the contractor or subcontractor to observe a stop order issued and served upon them pursuant to subdivision (j) is guilty of a misdemeanor punishable by imprisonment in county jail not exceeding 60 days or by a fine not exceeding ten thousand dollars ($10,000), or both. ( l ) This section shall apply to any bid proposal submitted on or after March 1, 2015, and any contract for public work entered into on or after April 1, 2015. This section shall also apply to the performance of any public work, as defined in this chapter, on or after January 1, 2018, regardless of when the contract for public work was entered. (m) Penalties received pursuant to this section shall be deposited in the State Public Works Enforcement Fund established by Section 1771.3 and shall be used only for the purposes specified in that section. (n) This section shall not apply to work performed on a public works project of twenty-five thousand dollars ($25,000) or less when the project is for construction, alteration, demolition, installation, or repair work or to work performed on a public works project of fifteen thousand dollars ($15,000) or less when the project is for maintenance work. (o) Awarding authorities shall annually submit to the Department of Industrial Relations’ electronic project registration database a list of contractors that are ineligible to bid on or be awarded a public works contract, or to perform work as a subcontractor on a public works project, pursuant to local debarment or suspension processes. The electronic database list shall contain the name of the contractor, the Contractors State License Board license number of the contractor, the specific jurisdiction where the debarment or suspension applies, and the effective period of debarment or suspension of the contractor. The electronic database list shall be updated at least annually. The department shall make the lists provided by awarding authorities available to the public through its project registration database, but shall have no responsibility for verifying or ensuring the accuracy of the information provided by awarding authorities, and shall have no liability in any respect with regard to such lists.

Cal. Labor Code - LAB § 1771.2. Section 1771.2.

(a) A joint labor-management committee established pursuant to the federal Labor Management Cooperation Act of 1978 (29 U.S.C. Sec. 175a) may bring an action in any court of competent jurisdiction against an employer that fails to pay the prevailing wage to its employees, as required by this article, or that fails to provide payroll records as required by Section 1776. This action shall be commenced not later than 18 months after the filing of a valid notice of completion in the office of the county recorder in each county in which the public work or some part thereof was performed, or not later than 18 months after acceptance of the public work, whichever occurs last. (b) (1) In an action brought pursuant to this section, the court shall award restitution to an employee for unpaid wages, plus interest, under Section 3289 of the Civil Code from the date that the wages became due and payable, and liquidated damages equal to the amount of unpaid wages owed, and may impose civil penalties, only against an employer that failed to pay the prevailing wage to its employees, in accordance with Section 1775, injunctive relief, or any other appropriate form of equitable relief. The court shall follow the same standards and have the same discretion in setting the amount of penalties as are provided by subdivision (a) of Section 1775. The court shall award a prevailing joint labor-management committee its reasonable attorney’s fees and costs incurred in maintaining the action, including expert witness fees. (2) An action pursuant to this section shall not be based on the employer’s misclassification of the craft of a worker in its certified payroll records. (3) Liquidated damages shall be awarded only if the complaint alleges with specificity the wages due and unpaid to the individual workers, including how that amount was calculated, and the defendant fails to pay the wages, deposit that amount with the court to be held in escrow, or provide proof to the court of an adequate surety bond to cover the wages, within 60 days of service of the complaint. Liquidated damages shall be awarded only on the wages found to be due and unpaid. Additionally, if the defendant demonstrates to the satisfaction of the court that the defendant had substantial grounds for contesting that a portion of the allegedly unpaid wages were owed, the court may exercise its discretion to waive the payment of the liquidated damages with respect to that portion of the unpaid wages. (4) This subdivision does not limit any other available remedies for a violation of this chapter.

Cal. Labor Code - LAB § 1771.3. Section 1771.3.

(a) The State Public Works Enforcement Fund is hereby created as a special fund in the State Treasury to be available upon appropriation of the Legislature. All registration fees collected pursuant to Sections 1725.5 and 1725.6 and any other moneys as are designated by statute or order shall be deposited in the fund for the purposes specified in subdivision (b). (b) Moneys in the State Public Works Enforcement Fund shall be used only for the following purposes: (1) The reasonable costs of administering the registration of contractors and subcontractors to perform public work pursuant to Section 1725.5 and the reasonable costs of administering the registration of contractors and subcontractors to perform work on projects or developments subject to prevailing wage or skilled and trained workforce requirements pursuant to Section 1725.6. (2) The costs and obligations associated with the administration and enforcement of the requirements of this chapter by the Department of Industrial Relations. (3) The monitoring and enforcement of any requirement of this code by the Labor Commissioner on a public works project or in connection with the performance of public work as defined pursuant to this chapter, or in connection with the performance of work on projects or developments subject to prevailing wage or skilled and trained workforce requirements. (c) The annual contractor registration renewal fee specified in subdivision (a) of Section 1725.5 and subdivision (a) of Section 1725.6, and any adjusted application or renewal fee, shall be set in amounts that are sufficient to support appropriations approved by the Legislature for the State Public Works Enforcement Fund, the statewide general administrative costs assessed to the State Public Works Enforcement Fund, and a prudent reserve amount of no less than 10 percent and no more than 20 percent of authorized expenditure levels. Any year-end fund balance in excess of the prudent reserve shall be applied as a credit when determining any fee adjustments for the subsequent fiscal year. (d) To provide adequate cashflow for the purposes specified in subdivision (b), the Director of Finance, with the concurrence of the Secretary of the Labor and Workforce Development Agency, may approve a short-term loan each fiscal year from the Labor Enforcement and Compliance Fund to the State Public Works Enforcement Fund. (1) The maximum amount of the annual loan allowable may be up to, but shall not exceed 50 percent of the appropriation authority of the State Public Works Enforcement Fund in the same year in which the loan was made. (2) For the purposes of this section, a “short-term loan” is a transfer that is made subject to both of the following conditions: (A) Any amount loaned is to be repaid in full during the same fiscal year in which the loan was made, except that repayment may be delayed until a date not more than 30 days after the date of enactment of the annual Budget Act for the subsequent fiscal year. (B) Loans shall be repaid whenever the funds are needed to meet cash expenditure needs in the loaning fund or account.

Cal. Labor Code - LAB § 1771.4. Section 1771.4.

(a) All of the following are applicable to all public works projects that are otherwise subject to the requirements of this chapter: (1) The call for bids and contract documents shall specify that the project is subject to compliance monitoring and enforcement by the Department of Industrial Relations. (2) The awarding body shall post or require the prime contractor to post job site notices, as prescribed by regulation. (3) (A) Each contractor and subcontractor shall furnish the records specified in Section 1776 directly to the Labor Commissioner, in the following manner: (i) At least monthly or more frequently if specified in the contract with the awarding body. For purposes of this clause, “monthly” means that a submission of records shall be made at least once every 30 days while work is being performed on the project and within 30 days after the final day of work performed on the project. (ii) In an electronic format, in the manner prescribed by the Labor Commissioner, on the department’s internet website. (B) A contractor or subcontractor who fails to furnish records pursuant to subparagraph (A), relating to its employees, shall be subject to a penalty by the Labor Commissioner of one hundred dollars ($100) per each day in which the party was in violation of subparagraph (A), not to exceed a total penalty of five thousand dollars ($5,000) per project. Penalties received pursuant to this paragraph shall be deposited in the State Public Works Enforcement Fund established by Section 1771.3 and shall be used only for the purposes specified in that section. (C) The Labor Commissioner shall not levy a penalty pursuant to subparagraph (B) until a contractor or subcontractor fails to furnish the records pursuant to subparagraph (A) 14 days after the requirement set forth in clause (i) of subparagraph (A). (D) Penalties pursuant to subparagraph (B) may only accrue to the actual contractor or subcontractor who failed to furnish the records pursuant to subparagraph (A). (4) If the contractor or subcontractor is not registered pursuant to Section 1725.5 and is performing work on a project for which registration is not required because of subdivision (f) of Section 1725.5, the unregistered contractor or subcontractor is not required to furnish the records specified in Section 1776 directly to the Labor Commissioner but shall retain the records specified in Section 1776 for at least three years after completion of the work. (5) The department shall undertake those activities it deems necessary to monitor and enforce compliance with prevailing wage requirements. (b) The Labor Commissioner may exempt a public works project from compliance with all or part of the requirements of subdivision (a) if either of the following occurs: (1) The awarding body has enforced an approved labor compliance program, as defined in Section 1771.5, on all public works projects under its authority, except those deemed exempt pursuant to subdivision (a) of Section 1771.5, continuously since December 31, 2011. (2) The awarding body has entered into a collective bargaining agreement that binds all contractors performing work on the project and that includes a mechanism for resolving disputes about the payment of wages. (c) The requirements of paragraph (1) of subdivision (a) shall only apply to contracts for public works projects awarded on or after January 1, 2015. (d) The requirements of paragraph (3) of subdivision (a) shall apply to all contracts for public work, whether new or ongoing, on or after January 1, 2016. (e) (1) No later than July 1, 2024, the department shall develop and implement an online database of electronic certified payroll records submitted pursuant to this section. (2) The online database created pursuant to paragraph (1) shall only be accessible to multiemployer Taft-Hartley trust funds (29 U.S.C. Sec. 186(c)) and joint labor-management committees established pursuant to the federal Labor Management Cooperation Act of 1978 (29 U.S.C. Sec. 175a). (3) Electronic certified payroll records included in the online database created pursuant to paragraph (1) shall only contain nonredacted information pursuant to subdivision (e) of Section 1776 that may be provided to multiemployer Taft-Hartley trust funds (29 U.S.C. Sec. 186(c)) and joint labor-management committees established pursuant to the federal Labor Management Cooperation Act of 1978 (29 U.S.C. Sec. 175a) under applicable law.

Cal. Labor Code - LAB § 1771.5. Section 1771.5.

(a) Notwithstanding Section 1771, an awarding body may choose not to require the payment of the general prevailing rate of per diem wages or the general prevailing rate of per diem wages for holiday and overtime work for any public works project of twenty-five thousand dollars ($25,000) or less when the project is for construction work, or for any public works project of fifteen thousand dollars ($15,000) or less when the project is for alteration, demolition, repair, or maintenance work, if the awarding body has elected to initiate and has been approved by the Director of Industrial Relations to enforce a labor compliance program pursuant to subdivision (b) for every public works project under the authority of the awarding body. (b) For purposes of this section, a labor compliance program shall include, but not be limited to, the following requirements: (1) All bid invitations and public works contracts shall contain appropriate language concerning the requirements of this chapter. (2) A prejob conference shall be conducted with the contractor and subcontractors to discuss federal and state labor law requirements applicable to the contract. (3) Project contractors and subcontractors shall maintain and furnish, at a designated time, a certified copy of each weekly payroll containing a statement of compliance signed under penalty of perjury. (4) The awarding body shall review, and, if appropriate, audit payroll records to verify compliance with this chapter. (5) The awarding body shall withhold contract payments when payroll records are delinquent or inadequate. (6) The awarding body shall withhold contract payments equal to the amount of underpayment and applicable penalties when, after investigation, it is established that underpayment has occurred. (7) The awarding body shall comply with any other prevailing wage monitoring and enforcement activities that are required to be conducted by labor compliance programs by the Department of Industrial Relations. (c) For purposes of this chapter, “labor compliance program” means a labor compliance program that is approved, as specified in state regulations, by the Director of Industrial Relations. (d) For purposes of this chapter, the Director of Industrial Relations may revoke the approval of a labor compliance program in the manner specified in state regulations.

Cal. Labor Code - LAB § 1771.6. Section 1771.6.

(a) Any awarding body that enforces this chapter in accordance with Section 1726 or 1771.5 shall provide notice of the withholding of contract payments to the contractor and subcontractor, if applicable. The notice shall be in writing and shall describe the nature of the violation and the amount of wages, penalties, and forfeitures withheld. Service of the notice shall be completed pursuant to Section 1013 of the Code of Civil Procedure by first-class and certified mail to the contractor and subcontractor, if applicable. The notice shall advise the contractor and subcontractor, if applicable, of the procedure for obtaining review of the withholding of contract payments. The awarding body shall also serve a copy of the notice by certified mail to any bonding company issuing a bond that secures the payment of wages covered by the notice and to any surety on a bond, if their identities are known to the awarding body. (b) The withholding of contract payments in accordance with Section 1726 or 1771.5 shall be reviewable under Section 1742 in the same manner as if the notice of the withholding was a civil penalty order of the Labor Commissioner under this chapter. If review is requested, the Labor Commissioner may intervene to represent the awarding body. (c) Pending a final order, or the expiration of the time period for seeking review of the notice of the withholding, the awarding body shall not disburse any contract payments withheld. (d) From the amount recovered, the wage claim shall be satisfied prior to the amount being applied to penalties. If insufficient money is recovered to pay each worker in full, the money shall be prorated among all workers. (e) Wages for workers who cannot be located shall be placed in the Industrial Relations Unpaid Wage Fund and held in trust for the workers pursuant to Section 96.7. Penalties shall be paid into the General Fund of the awarding body that has enforced this chapter pursuant to Section 1771.5.

Cal. Labor Code - LAB § 1771.7. Section 1771.7.

(a) (1) For contracts specified in subdivision (f), an awarding body that chooses to use funds derived from either the Kindergarten-University Public Education Facilities Bond Act of 2002 or the Kindergarten-University Public Education Facilities Bond Act of 2004 for a public works project, shall initiate and enforce, or contract with a third party to initiate and enforce, a labor compliance program, as described in subdivision (b) of Section 1771.5, with respect to that public works project. (2) If an awarding body described in paragraph (1) chooses to contract with a third party to initiate and enforce a labor compliance program for a project described in paragraph (1), that third party shall not review the payroll records of its own employees or the employees of its subcontractors, and the awarding body or an independent third party shall review these payroll records for purposes of the labor compliance program. (b) This section applies to public works that commence on or after April 1, 2003. For purposes of this subdivision, work performed during the design and preconstruction phases of construction, including, but not limited to, inspection and land surveying work, does not constitute the commencement of a public work. (c) (1) For purposes of this section, if any campus of the California State University chooses to use the funds described in subdivision (a), then the “awarding body” is the Chancellor of the California State University. For purposes of this subdivision, if the chancellor is required by subdivision (a) to initiate and enforce, or to contract with a third party to initiate and enforce, a labor compliance program, then in addition to the requirements described in subdivision (b) of Section 1771.5, the Chancellor of the California State University shall review the payroll records on at least a monthly basis to ensure the awarding body’s compliance with the labor compliance program. (2) For purposes of this subdivision, if an awarding body described in subdivision (a) is the University of California or any campus of that university, and that awarding body is required by subdivision (a) to initiate and enforce, or to contract with a third party to initiate and enforce, a labor compliance program, then in addition to the requirements described in subdivision (b) of Section 1771.5, the payroll records shall be reviewed on at least a monthly basis to ensure the awarding body’s compliance with the labor compliance program. (d) (1) An awarding body described in subdivision (a) shall make a written finding that the awarding body has initiated and enforced, or has contracted with a third party to initiate and enforce, the labor compliance program described in subdivision (a). (2) (A) If an awarding body described in subdivision (a) is a school district, the governing body of that district shall transmit to the State Allocation Board, in the manner determined by that board, a copy of the finding described in paragraph (1). (B) The State Allocation Board shall not release the funds described in subdivision (a) to an awarding body that is a school district until the State Allocation Board has received the written finding described in paragraph (1). (C) If the State Allocation Board conducts a postaward audit procedure with respect to an award of the funds described in subdivision (a) to an awarding body that is a school district, the State Allocation Board shall verify, in the manner determined by that board, that the school district has complied with the requirements of this subdivision. (3) If an awarding body described in subdivision (a) is a community college district, the Chancellor of the California State University, or the office of the President of the University of California or any campus of the University of California, that awarding body shall transmit, in the manner determined by the Director of Industrial Relations, a copy of the finding described in paragraph (1) to the director of that department, or the director of any successor agency that is responsible for the oversight of employee wage and employee work hours laws. (e) Because the reasonable costs directly related to monitoring and enforcing compliance with the prevailing wage requirements are necessary oversight activities, integral to the cost of construction of the public works projects, notwithstanding Section 17070.63 of the Education Code, the grant amounts as described in Chapter 12.5 (commencing with Section 17070.10) of Part 10 of Division 1 of Title 1 of the Education Code for the costs of a new construction or modernization project shall include the state’s share of the reasonable and directly related costs of the labor compliance program used to monitor and enforce compliance with prevailing wage requirements. (f) This section shall only apply to contracts awarded prior to January 1, 2012.

Cal. Labor Code - LAB § 1771.8. Section 1771.8.

(a) For the purposes of this section, the following terms have the following meanings: (1) A “private labor compliance entity” is defined as a third-party company that is hired by an awarding body to perform labor compliance and enforcement activities on public works projects on its behalf. (2) A “conflict of interest” is a situation in which a private labor compliance entity performs labor compliance work under contract for both an awarding body, and a contractor who is bidding a public works project for the same awarding body. (b) (1) A private labor compliance entity shall be prohibited from providing labor compliance and enforcement activities on behalf of an awarding body if it has a conflict of interest. (2) Prior to an awarding body entering a contract for a public works project, a private labor compliance entity shall disclose a potential conflict of interest to the awarding body. If no conflict exists, a private labor compliance entity shall submit to the awarding body a signed declaration under penalty of perjury verifying that it has no conflicts of interest. (c) A private labor compliance entity, prior to withholding funds from a public works contractor for an alleged violation, including, but not limited to, worker classification, scope of work, travel and subsistence apprenticeship standards, shall do the following: (1) Confer with the negotiating parties of the applicable agreements to review relevant public works law. (2) Not withhold an amount that exceeds the alleged underpayments and penalty assessments. (d) A private labor compliance entity seeking to withhold funds from a public works contractor or subcontractor on behalf of an awarding body pursuant to Sections 1726 and 1771.6 shall, within 20 days of a written request for review by the contractor or subcontractor, provide a venue for a public works contractor or subcontractor to review and respond to evidence of alleged violations. (e) A violation of this section shall make a contract between a private labor compliance entity and an awarding body null and void, and the private labor compliance entity would be subject to a penalty by the awarding body of not less than one thousand dollars ($1,000), including reasonable attorney’s fees, subject matter expert costs, and expenses. (f) In the event of a violation of this section, an aggrieved party, including a joint labor-management committee established pursuant to the federal Labor Management Cooperation Act of 1978 (29 U.S.C. Sec. 175(a)), shall have the right to initiate a private right of action. The private right of action may only be filed against a private labor compliance entity as defined in subdivision (a), an awarding body, or an awarding body’s agent. The court shall award reasonable attorney’s fees and costs incurred in maintaining the action, including expert witness fees to a prevailing plaintiff. (g) In addition, the provisions of this section may be enforced by a public prosecutor as defined in Section 180. (h) This section does not apply to the following awarding bodies operating labor compliance programs approved and monitored by the Department of Industrial Relations pursuant to Section 1771.5: (1) The Department of Transportation. (2) The City of Los Angeles. (3) The Los Angeles Unified School District. (4) The County of Sacramento.

Cal. Labor Code - LAB § 1771.15. Section 1771.15.

(a) A contractor or subcontractor shall not be qualified to be awarded contracts for, or engage in the performance of, any work on projects or developments subject to the requirements of Section 65852.24, 65912.130, 65912.131, 65913.4, or 65913.16 of the Government Code or any work on projects or developments where a statute or regulation requires registration pursuant to Section 1725.6, unless currently registered and qualified to perform work pursuant to Section 1725.6. (b) Notice of the requirement described in subdivision (a) shall be included in all bid invitations and contracts for any work on projects or developments subject to the requirements of Section 65852.24, 65912.130, 65912.131, 65913.4, or 65913.16 of the Government Code or for any work on projects or developments where a statute or regulation requires registration pursuant to Section 1725.6, and a bid shall not be accepted nor any contract or subcontract entered into without proof of the contractor or subcontractor’s current registration to perform work pursuant to Section 1725.6. (c) The department shall maintain on its internet website a list of contractors who are currently registered to perform work pursuant to Section 1725.6. (d) A contract entered into with any contractor or subcontractor in violation of subdivision (a) shall be subject to cancellation, provided that a contract for work on projects or developments subject to the requirements of Section 65852.24, 65912.130, 65912.131, 65913.4, or 65913.16 of the Government Code or a contract for work on projects or developments where a statute or regulation requires registration pursuant to Section 1725.6 shall not be unlawful, void, or voidable solely due to the failure of the developer, development proponent, contractor, or any subcontractor to comply with the requirements of Section 1725.6 or this section. (e) If the Labor Commissioner or their designee determines that a contractor or subcontractor engaged in the performance of any a contract for work on projects or developments subject to the requirements of Section 65852.24, 65912.130, 65912.131, 65913.4, or 65913.16 of the Government Code or any work on projects or developments where a statute or regulation requires registration pursuant to Section 1725.6 without having been registered in accordance with Section 1725.6, the contractor or subcontractor shall forfeit, as a civil penalty to the state, one hundred dollars ($100) for each day of work performed in violation of the registration requirement, not to exceed an aggregate penalty of eight thousand dollars ($8,000) in addition to any penalty registration fee assessed pursuant to clause (ii) of subparagraph (E) of paragraph (2) of subdivision (a) of Section 1725.6. (f) (1) In addition to, or in lieu of, any other penalty or sanction authorized pursuant to this chapter, a higher tiered contractor or subcontractor who is found to have entered into a subcontract with an unregistered lower tier subcontractor to perform any work in violation of the requirements of Section 1725.6 or this section shall be subject to forfeiture, as a civil penalty to the state, of one hundred dollars ($100) for each day the unregistered lower tier subcontractor performs work in violation of the registration requirement, not to exceed an aggregate penalty of ten thousand dollars ($10,000). (2) The Labor Commissioner shall use the same standards specified in subparagraph (A) of paragraph (2) of subdivision (a) of Section 1775 when determining the severity of the violation and what penalty to assess, and may waive the penalty for a first time violation that was unintentional and did not hinder the Labor Commissioner’s ability to monitor and enforce compliance with the requirements of this chapter and of the requirements of Section 65852.24, 65912.130, 65912.131, 65913.4, or 65913.16 of the Government Code and the statutes that require registration pursuant to Section 1725.6 and include prevailing wage or skilled and trained workforce requirements. (3) A higher tiered contractor or subcontractor shall not be liable for penalties assessed pursuant to paragraph (1) if the lower tier subcontractor’s performance is in violation of the requirements of Section 1725.6 due to the revocation of a previously approved registration. (4) A subcontractor shall not be liable for any penalties assessed against a higher tiered contractor or subcontractor pursuant to paragraph (1). A higher tiered contractor or subcontractor may not require a lower tiered subcontractor to indemnify or otherwise be liable for any penalties pursuant to paragraph (1). (g) The Labor Commissioner or their designee shall issue a civil wage and penalty assessment, in accordance with the provisions of Section 1741, upon determination of penalties pursuant to subdivision (e) and paragraph (1) of subdivision (f). Review of a civil wage and penalty assessment issued under this subdivision may be requested in accordance with the provisions of Section 1742. The regulations of the Director of Industrial Relations, which govern proceedings for review of civil wage and penalty assessments and the withholding of contract payments under Article 1 (commencing with Section 1720) and Article 2 (commencing with Section 1770), shall apply. (h) (1) Where a contractor or subcontractor engages in the performance of any contract for work on projects or developments subject to the requirements of Section 65852.24, 65912.130, 65912.131, 65913.4, or 65913.16 of the Government Code or any contract for work on projects or developments where a statute or regulation requires registration pursuant to Section 1725.6 without having been registered in violation of the requirements of Section 1725.6 or this section, the Labor Commissioner shall issue and serve a stop order prohibiting the use of the unregistered contractor or the unregistered subcontractor on the project or development until the unregistered contractor or unregistered subcontractor is registered. The stop order shall not apply to work by registered contractors or subcontractors on the project or development. (2) A stop order may be personally served upon the contractor or subcontractor by either of the following methods: (A) Manual delivery of the order to the contractor or subcontractor personally. (B) Leaving signed copies of the order with the person who is apparently in charge at the site of the project or development and by thereafter mailing copies of the order by first class mail, postage prepaid to the contractor or subcontractor at one of the following: (i) The address of the contractor or subcontractor on file with either the Secretary of State or the Contractors State License Board. (ii) If the contractor or subcontractor has no address on file with the Secretary of State or the Contractors State License Board, the address of the site of the project or development. (3) The stop order shall be effective immediately upon service and shall be subject to appeal by the party contracting with the unregistered contractor or subcontractor, by the unregistered contractor or subcontractor, or both. The appeal, hearing, and any further review of the hearing decision shall be governed by the procedures, time limits, and other requirements specified in subdivision (a) of Section 238.1. (4) Any employee of an unregistered contractor or subcontractor who is affected by a work stoppage ordered by the commissioner pursuant to this subdivision shall be paid at their regular hourly prevailing wage rate by that employer for any hours the employee would have worked but for the work stoppage, not to exceed 10 days. (i) Failure of a contractor or subcontractor, owner, director, officer, or managing agent of the contractor or subcontractor to observe a stop order issued and served upon them pursuant to this subdivision is guilty of a misdemeanor punishable by imprisonment in county jail not exceeding 60 days, by a fine not exceeding ten thousand dollars ($10,000), or both. (j) Penalties received pursuant to this section shall be deposited in the State Public Works Enforcement Fund established by Section 1771.3 and shall be used only for the purposes specified in that section.

Cal. Labor Code - LAB § 1772. Section 1772.

Workers employed by contractors or subcontractors in the execution of any contract for public work are deemed to be employed upon public work.

Cal. Labor Code - LAB § 1773. Section 1773.

The body awarding any contract for public work, or otherwise undertaking any public work, shall obtain the general prevailing rate of per diem wages and the general prevailing rate for holiday and overtime work in the locality in which the public work is to be performed for each craft, classification, or type of worker needed to execute the contract from the Director of Industrial Relations. The holidays upon which those rates shall be paid need not be specified by the awarding body, but shall be all holidays recognized in the applicable collective bargaining agreement. If the prevailing rate is not based on a collectively bargained rate, the holidays upon which the prevailing rate shall be paid shall be as provided in Section 6700 of the Government Code. In determining the rates, the Director of Industrial Relations shall ascertain and consider the applicable wage rates established by collective bargaining agreements and the rates that may have been predetermined for federal public works, within the locality and in the nearest labor market area. Where the rates do not constitute the rates actually prevailing in the locality, the director shall obtain and consider further data from the labor organizations and employers or employer associations concerned, including the recognized collective bargaining representatives for the particular craft, classification, or type of work involved. The rate fixed for each craft, classification, or type of work shall be not less than the prevailing rate paid in the craft, classification, or type of work. If the director determines that the rate of prevailing wage for any craft, classification, or type of worker is the rate established by a collective bargaining agreement, the director may adopt that rate by reference as provided for in the collective bargaining agreement and that determination shall be effective for the life of the agreement or until the director determines that another rate should be adopted.

Cal. Labor Code - LAB § 1773.1. Section 1773.1.

(a) Per diem wages, as the term is used in this chapter or in any other statute applicable to public works, includes employer payments for the following: (1) Health and welfare. (2) Pension. (3) Vacation. (4) Travel. (5) Subsistence. (6) Apprenticeship or other training programs authorized by Section 3093, to the extent that the cost of training is reasonably related to the amount of the contributions. (7) Worker protection and assistance programs or committees established under the federal Labor Management Cooperation Act of 1978 (29 U.S.C. Sec. 175a), to the extent that the activities of the programs or committees are directed to the monitoring and enforcement of laws related to public works. (8) Industry advancement and collective bargaining agreements administrative fees, provided that these payments are made pursuant to a collective bargaining agreement to which the employer is obligated. (9) Other purposes similar to those specified in paragraphs (1) to (5), inclusive; or other purposes similar to those specified in paragraphs (6) to (8), inclusive, if the payments are made pursuant to a collective bargaining agreement to which the employer is obligated. (b) Employer payments include all of the following: (1) The rate of contribution irrevocably made by the employer to a trustee or third person pursuant to a plan, fund, or program. (2) The rate of actual costs to the employer reasonably anticipated in providing benefits to workers pursuant to an enforceable commitment to carry out a financially responsible plan or program communicated in writing to the workers affected. (3) Payments to the California Apprenticeship Council pursuant to Section 1777.5. (c) Employer payments are a credit against the obligation to pay the general prevailing rate of per diem wages. However, credit shall not be granted for benefits required to be provided by other state or federal law, for payments made to monitor and enforce laws related to public works if those payments are not made to a program or committee established under the federal Labor Management Cooperation Act of 1978 (29 U.S.C. Sec. 175a), or for payments for industry advancement and collective bargaining agreement administrative fees if those payments are not made pursuant to a collective bargaining agreement to which the employer is obligated. Credits for employer payments also shall not reduce the obligation to pay the hourly straight time or overtime wages found to be prevailing. However, an increased employer payment contribution that results in a lower hourly straight time or overtime wage shall not be considered a violation of the applicable prevailing wage determination if all of the following conditions are met: (1) The increased employer payment is made pursuant to criteria set forth in a collective bargaining agreement. (2) The basic hourly rate and increased employer payment are no less than the general prevailing rate of per diem wages and the general prevailing rate for holiday and overtime work in the director’s general prevailing wage determination. (3) The employer payment contribution is irrevocable unless made in error. (d) An employer may take credit for an employer payment specified in subdivision (b), even if contributions are not made, or costs are not paid, during the same pay period for which credit is taken, if the employer regularly makes the contributions, or regularly pays the costs, for the plan, fund, or program on no less than a quarterly basis. (e) (1) The credit for employer payments shall be computed on an annualized basis when the employer seeks credit for employer payments that are higher for public works projects than for private construction performed by the same employer, unless one or more of the following circumstances exist: (A) The employer has an enforceable obligation to make the higher rate of payments on future private construction performed by the employer. (B) The higher rate of payments is required by a project labor agreement. (C) The payments are made to the California Apprenticeship Council pursuant to Section 1777.5. (2) Paragraph (1) shall apply to all employer payments not made directly to the worker, regardless of whether any contributions are made or benefits are provided with respect to private construction, with the exception of contributions to defined contribution pension plans that provide for both immediate participation and essentially immediate vesting. An employer may take full credit for the hourly amounts contributed to those defined contribution pension plans for public works projects even if the employer contributes at a lower rate or does not make contributions to private construction. For purposes of this section, “essentially immediate vesting” means the benefit vests within the first 500 hours worked. (3) The employer shall have the burden of demonstrating that the credit for employer payments was properly calculated pursuant to this subdivision. The employer shall, upon the request of the Labor Commissioner, produce records of employee hours and employer payments on private construction sufficient for the Labor Commissioner to verify that the credit for employer payments was properly calculated on an annualized basis pursuant to this subdivision. The Labor Commissioner may deny the employer credit for the employer payments if those records are not produced. (f) Any exemptions to the annualization requirements of subdivision (e) issued by the director prior to January 1, 2026, are revoked. (g) (1) For the purpose of determining those per diem wages for contracts, the representative of any craft, classification, or type of worker needed to execute contracts shall file with the Department of Industrial Relations fully executed copies of the collective bargaining agreements for the particular craft, classification, or type of work involved. The collective bargaining agreements shall be filed after their execution and thereafter may be taken into consideration pursuant to Section 1773 whenever they are filed 30 days prior to the call for bids. If the collective bargaining agreement has not been formalized, a typescript of the final draft may be filed temporarily, accompanied by a statement under penalty of perjury as to its effective date. (2) When a copy of the collective bargaining agreement has previously been filed, fully executed copies of all modifications and extensions of the agreement that affect per diem wages or holidays shall be filed. (3) The failure to comply with filing requirements of this subdivision shall not be grounds for setting aside a prevailing wage determination if the information taken into consideration is correct.

Cal. Labor Code - LAB § 1773.2. Section 1773.2.

The body awarding any contract for public work, or otherwise undertaking any public work, shall specify in the call for bids for the contract, and in the bid specifications and in the contract itself, what the general rate of per diem wages is for each craft, classification, or type of worker needed to execute the contract. In lieu of specifying the rate of wages in the call for bids, and in the bid specifications and in the contract itself, the awarding body may, in the call for bids, bid specifications, and contract, include a statement that copies of the prevailing rate of per diem wages are on file at its principal office, which shall be made available to any interested party on request. The awarding body shall also cause a copy of the determination of the director of the prevailing rate of per diem wages to be posted at each job site.

Cal. Labor Code - LAB § 1773.3. Section 1773.3.

(a) (1) An awarding body shall provide notice to the Department of Industrial Relations of any public works contract subject to the requirements of this chapter, within 30 days of the award, but in no event later than the first day in which a contractor has workers employed upon the public work. (2) Notwithstanding paragraph (1) and subject to the discretion of the Labor Commissioner, an awarding body shall provide notice to the Department of Industrial Relations of any public works contract awarded pursuant to Section 10122, 20113, 20654, or 22050 of the Public Contract Code that is subject to the requirements of this chapter within 30 days after the award of the contract, but in no event later than the last day in which a contractor has workers employed upon the public work. (3) The notice shall be transmitted electronically in a format specified by the department and shall include the name and registration number issued by the Department of Industrial Relations pursuant to Section 1725.5 of the contractor, the name and registration number issued by the Department of Industrial Relations pursuant to Section 1725.5 of any subcontractor listed on the successful bid, the bid and contract award dates, the contract amount, the estimated start and completion dates, jobsite location, and any additional information the department specifies that aids in the administration and enforcement of this chapter. (b) In lieu of responding to any specific request for contract award information, the department may make the information provided by awarding bodies pursuant to this section available for public review on its Internet Web site. (c) (1) An awarding body that fails to provide the notice required by subdivision (a) or that enters into a contract with or permits an unregistered contractor or subcontractor to engage in the performance of any public work in violation of the requirements of Section 1771.1, shall, in addition to any other sanction or penalty authorized by law, be subject to a civil penalty of one hundred dollars ($100) for each day in violation of either requirement, not to exceed an aggregate penalty of ten thousand dollars ($10,000) for each project. (2) The Labor Commissioner shall use the same standards specified in subparagraph (A) of paragraph (2) of subdivision (a) of Section 1775 when determining the severity of the violation and what penalty to assess, and may waive the penalty for a first time violation that was unintentional and did not hinder the Labor Commissioner’s ability to monitor and enforce compliance with the requirements of this chapter. (d) An awarding body shall withhold final payment due to the contractor until at least 30 days after all of the required information in paragraph (2) of subdivision (a) has been submitted, including, but not limited to, providing a complete list of all subcontractors. If an awarding body makes a final payment to a contractor after that time and an unregistered contractor or subcontractor is found to have worked on the project, the awarding body shall be subject to a civil penalty assessed by the Labor Commissioner of one hundred dollars ($100) for each full calendar day of noncompliance, for a period of up to 100 days, for each unregistered contractor or subcontractor. (e) The Labor Commissioner may issue a citation for civil penalties to the awarding body pursuant to subdivisions (c) and (d). The citation shall be served pursuant to Section 1013 of the Code of Civil Procedure by first-class and certified mail. (f) The procedure for the processing and appeal of a citation or civil penalty issued by the Labor Commissioner pursuant to this section shall be the same as that prescribed in Section 1023. For these purposes, “person” as used in Section 1023 shall include an awarding body. (g) Whenever the Labor Commissioner determines that an awarding body has willfully violated the requirements of this section or chapter with respect to two or more public works contracts or projects in any 12-month period, the awarding body shall be ineligible to receive state funding or financial assistance for any construction project undertaken by or on behalf of the awarding body for one year, as defined by subdivision (d) of Section 1782. The debarment procedures adopted by the Labor Commissioner pursuant to Section 1777.1 shall apply to any determination made under this subdivision. (h) A contractor or subcontractor shall not be liable for any penalties assessed against an awarding body pursuant to this section. An awarding body may not require a contractor or subcontractor to indemnify or otherwise be liable for any penalties assessed against an awarding body pursuant to this section. (i) Penalties received pursuant to this section shall be deposited in the State Public Works Enforcement Fund established by Section 1771.3 and shall be used only for the purposes specified in that section. (j) This section shall apply only if the public works contract is for a project of greater than twenty-five thousand dollars ($25,000) when the project is for construction, alteration, demolition, installation, or repair work or if the public works contract is for a project of greater than fifteen thousand dollars ($15,000) when the project is for maintenance work.

Cal. Labor Code - LAB § 1773.4. Section 1773.4.

Any prospective bidder or his representative, any representative of any craft, classification or type of workman involved, or the awarding body may, within 20 days after commencement of advertising of the call for bids by the awarding body, file with the Director of Industrial Relations a verified petition to review the determination of any such rate or rates upon the ground that they have not been determined in accordance with the provision of Section 1773 of this code. Within two days thereafter, a copy of such petition shall be filed with the awarding body. The petition shall set forth the facts upon which it is based. The Director of Industrial Relations or his authorized representative shall, upon notice to the petitioner, the awarding body and such other persons as he deems proper, including the recognized collective bargaining representatives for the particular crafts, classifications or types of work involved, institute an investigation or hold a hearing. Within 20 days after the filing of such petition, or within such longer period as agreed upon by the director, the awarding body, and all the interested parties, he shall make a determination and transmit the same in writing to the awarding body and to the interested parties. Such determination shall be final and shall be the determination of the awarding body. Upon receipt by it of the notice of the filing of such petition the body awarding the contract or authorizing the public work shall extend the closing date for the submission of bids or the starting of work until five days after the determination of the general prevailing rates of per diem wages pursuant to this section. Upon the filing of any such petition, notice thereof shall be set forth in the next and all subsequent publications by the awarding body of the call for bids. No other notice need be given to bidders by the awarding body by publication or otherwise. The determination of the director shall be included in the contract.

Cal. Labor Code - LAB § 1773.5. Section 1773.5.

(a) The Director of Industrial Relations may establish rules and regulations for the purpose of carrying out this chapter, including, but not limited to, the responsibilities and duties of awarding bodies under this chapter. (b) When a request is made to the director for a determination of whether a specific project or type of work awarded or undertaken by a political subdivision is a public work, he or she shall make that determination within 60 days receipt of the last notice of support or opposition from any interested party relating to that project or type of work that was not unreasonably delayed, as determined by the director. If the director deems that the complexity of the request requires additional time to make that determination, the director may have up to an additional 60 days if he or she certifies in writing to the requestor, and any interested party, the reasons for the extension. If the requestor is not a political subdivision, the requester shall, within 15 days of the request, serve a copy of the request upon the political subdivision, in which event the political subdivision shall, within 30 days of its receipt, advise the director of its position regarding the request. For projects or types of work that are otherwise private development projects receiving public funds, as specified in subdivision (b) of Section 1720, the director shall determine whether a specific project or type of work is a public work within 120 days of receipt of the last notice of support or opposition relating to that project or type of work from any interested party that was not unreasonably delayed, as determined by the director. (c) If an administrative appeal of the director’s determination is made, it shall be made within 30 days of the date of the determination. The director shall issue a determination on the administrative appeal within 120 days after receipt of the last notice of support or opposition relating to that appeal from any interested party that was not unreasonably delayed, as determined by the director. The director may have up to an additional 60 days if he or she certifies in writing to the party requesting the appeal the reason for the extension. (d) The director shall have quasi-legislative authority to determine coverage of projects or types of work under the prevailing wage laws of this chapter. A final determination on any administrative appeal is subject to judicial review pursuant to Section 1085 of the Code of Civil Procedure. These determinations, and any determinations relating to the general prevailing rate of per diem wages and the general prevailing rate for holiday, shift rate, and overtime work, shall be exempt from the Administrative Procedure Act (Chapter 3.5 (commencing with Section 11340) of Part 1 of Division 3 of Title 2 of the Government Code).

Cal. Labor Code - LAB § 1773.6. Section 1773.6.

If during any quarterly period the Director of Industrial Relations shall determine that there has been a change in any prevailing rate of per diem wages in any locality he or she shall make such change available to the awarding body and his or her determination shall be final. Such determination by the Director of Industrial Relations shall not be effective as to any contract for which the notice to bidders has been published.

Cal. Labor Code - LAB § 1773.7. Section 1773.7.

The provisions of Section 11250 of the Government Code shall not be applicable to Sections 1773, 1773.4, and 1773.6.

Cal. Labor Code - LAB § 1773.8. Section 1773.8.

An increased employer payment contribution that results in a lower taxable wage shall not be considered a violation of the applicable prevailing wage determination so long as all of the following conditions are met: (a) The increased employer payment is made pursuant to criteria set forth in a collective bargaining agreement. (b) The increased employer payment and hourly straight time and overtime wage combined are no less than the general prevailing rate of per diem wages. (c) The employer payment contribution is irrevocable unless made in error.

Cal. Labor Code - LAB § 1773.9. Section 1773.9.

(a) The Director of Industrial Relations shall use the methodology set forth in subdivision (b) to determine the general prevailing rate of per diem wages in the locality in which the public work is to be performed. (b) The general prevailing rate of per diem wages includes all of the following: (1) The basic hourly wage rate being paid to a majority of workers engaged in the particular craft, classification, or type of work within the locality and in the nearest labor market area, if a majority of the workers is paid at a single rate. If no single rate is being paid to a majority of the workers, then the single rate being paid to the greatest number of workers, or modal rate, is prevailing. If a modal rate cannot be determined, then the director shall establish an alternative rate, consistent with the methodology for determining the modal rate, by considering the appropriate collective bargaining agreements, federal rates, rates in the nearest labor market area, or other data such as wage survey data. (2) Other employer payments included in per diem wages pursuant to Section 1773.1 and as included as part of the total hourly wage rate from which the basic hourly wage rate was derived. In the event the total hourly wage rate does not include any employer payments, the director shall establish a prevailing employer payment rate by the same procedure set forth in paragraph (1). (3) The rate for holiday and overtime work shall be those rates specified in the collective bargaining agreement when the basic hourly rate is based on a collective bargaining agreement rate. In the event the basic hourly rate is not based on a collective bargaining agreement, the rate for holidays and overtime work, if any, included with the prevailing basic hourly rate of pay shall be prevailing. (c) (1) If the director determines that the general prevailing rate of per diem wages is the rate established by a collective bargaining agreement, and that the collective bargaining agreement contains definite and predetermined changes during its term that will affect the rate adopted, the director shall incorporate those changes into the determination. Predetermined changes that are rescinded prior to their effective date shall not be enforced. (2) When the director determines that there is a definite and predetermined change in the general prevailing rate of per diem wages as described in paragraph (1), but has not published, at the time of the effective date of the predetermined change, the allocation of the predetermined change as between the basic hourly wage and other employer payments included in per diem wages pursuant to Section 1773.1, a contractor or subcontractor may allocate payments of not less than the amount of the definite and predetermined change to either the basic hourly wage or other employer payments included in per diem wages for up to 60 days following the director’s publication of the specific allocation of the predetermined change. (3) When the director determines that there is a definite and predetermined change in the general prevailing rate of per diem wages as described in paragraph (1), but the allocation of that predetermined change as between the basic hourly wage and other employer payments included in per diem wages pursuant to Section 1773.1 is subsequently altered by the parties to a collective bargaining agreement described in paragraph (1), a contractor or subcontractor may allocate payments of not less than the amount of the definite and predetermined change in accordance with either the originally published allocation or the allocation as altered in the collective bargaining agreement.

Cal. Labor Code - LAB § 1773.11. Section 1773.11.

(a) Notwithstanding any other provision of law and except as otherwise provided by this section, if the state or a political subdivision thereof agrees by contract with a private entity that the private entity’s employees receive, in performing that contract, the general prevailing rate of per diem wages and the general prevailing rate for holiday and overtime work, the director shall, upon a request by the state or the political subdivision, do both of the following: (1) Determine, as otherwise provided by law, the wage rates for each craft, classification, or type of worker that are needed to execute the contract. (2) Provide these wage rates to the state or political subdivision that requests them. (b) This section does not apply to a contract for a public work, as defined in this chapter. (c) The director shall determine and provide the wage rates described in this section in the order in which the requests for these wage rates were received and regardless of the calendar year in which they were received. If there are more than 20 pending requests in a calendar year, the director shall respond only to the first 20 requests in the order in which they were received. If the director determines that funding is available in any calendar year to determine and provide these wage rates in response to more than 20 requests, the director shall respond to these requests in a manner consistent with this subdivision.

Cal. Labor Code - LAB § 1773.35. Section 1773.35.

(a) (1) A development proponent shall provide notice to the Department of Industrial Relations of any contract to perform work subject to the requirements of Section 65852.24, 65912.130, 65912.131, 65913.4, or 65913.16 of the Government Code or any contract to perform work where a statute or regulation requires registration pursuant to Section 1725.6 within 30 days of the award, but in no event later than the first day in which a contractor has workers employed upon the project or development. (2) The notice shall be transmitted electronically in a format specified by the department and shall include the name and registration number issued by the Department of Industrial Relations pursuant to Section 1725.6 of the contractor, the name and registration number issued by the Department of Industrial Relations pursuant to Section 1725.6 of any subcontractor listed on the contract, the bid and contract award dates, the estimated start and completion dates, jobsite location, and any additional information the department specifies that aids in the administration and enforcement of the requirements in Section 65852.24, 65912.130, 65912.131, 65913.4, or 65913.16 of the Government Code and the statutes that require registration pursuant to Section 1725.6 and include prevailing wage or skilled and trained workforce requirements. (b) In lieu of responding to any specific request for contract award information, the department may make the information provided by development proponents pursuant to this section available for public review on its internet website. (c) (1) A developer or development proponent that fails to provide the notice required by subdivision (a) or that enters into a contract with or permits an unregistered contractor or subcontractor to engage in the performance of perform work subject to the requirements of Section 65852.24, 65912.130, 65912.131, 65913.4, or 65913.16 of the Government Code or perform work where a statute or regulation requires registration pursuant to Section 1725.6, in violation of the requirements of Section 1725.6, shall, in addition to any other sanction or penalty authorized by law, be subject to a civil penalty of one hundred dollars ($100) for each day in violation of either requirement, not to exceed an aggregate penalty of ten thousand dollars ($10,000) for each project or development. (2) The Labor Commissioner shall use the same standards specified in subparagraph (A) of paragraph (2) of subdivision (a) of Section 1775 when determining the severity of the violation and what penalty to assess, and may waive the penalty for a first time violation that was unintentional and did not hinder the Labor Commissioner’s ability to monitor and enforce compliance with the requirements of this chapter or Section 65852.24, 65912.130, 65912.131, 65913.4, or 65913.16 of the Government Code and the statutes that require registration pursuant to Section 1725.6 and include prevailing wage or skilled and trained workforce requirements. (d) A developer or development proponent shall withhold final payment due to the contractor until at least 30 days after all of the required information in paragraph (2) of subdivision (a) has been submitted, including, but not limited to, providing a complete list of all subcontractors. If a developer or development proponent makes a final payment to a contractor after that time and an unregistered contractor or subcontractor is found to have worked on the project, the developer or development proponent shall be subject to a civil penalty assessed by the Labor Commissioner of one hundred dollars ($100) for each full calendar day of noncompliance, for a period of up to 100 days, for each unregistered contractor or subcontractor. (e) The Labor Commissioner may issue a citation for civil penalties to the developer or development proponent pursuant to subdivisions (c) and (d). The citation shall be served pursuant to Section 1013 of the Code of Civil Procedure by first-class and certified mail. (f) The procedure for the processing and appeal of a citation or civil penalty issued by the Labor Commissioner pursuant to this section shall be the same as that prescribed in Section 1023. For these purposes, “person” as used in Section 1023 shall include a developer or development proponent. (g) A contractor or subcontractor shall not be liable for any penalties assessed against a developer or development proponent pursuant to this section. A developer or development proponent may not require a contractor or subcontractor to indemnify or otherwise be liable for any penalties assessed against a developer or development proponent pursuant to this section. (h) Penalties received pursuant to this section shall be deposited in the State Public Works Enforcement Fund established by Section 1771.3 and shall be used only for the purposes specified in that section.

Cal. Labor Code - LAB § 1774. Section 1774.

The contractor to whom the contract is awarded, and any subcontractor under him, shall pay not less than the specified prevailing rates of wages to all workmen employed in the execution of the contract.

Cal. Labor Code - LAB § 1775. Section 1775.

(a) (1) The contractor and any subcontractor under the contractor shall, as a penalty to the state or political subdivision on whose behalf the contract is made or awarded, forfeit not more than two hundred dollars ($200) for each calendar day, or portion thereof, for each worker paid less than the prevailing wage rates as determined by the director for the work or craft in which the worker is employed for any public work done under the contract by the contractor or, except as provided in subdivision (b), by any subcontractor under the contractor. (2) (A) The amount of the penalty shall be determined by the Labor Commissioner based on consideration of both of the following: (i) Whether the failure of the contractor or subcontractor to pay the correct rate of per diem wages was a good faith mistake and, if so, the error was promptly and voluntarily corrected when brought to the attention of the contractor or subcontractor. (ii) Whether the contractor or subcontractor has a prior record of failing to meet its prevailing wage obligations. (B) (i) The penalty may not be less than forty dollars ($40) for each calendar day, or portion thereof, for each worker paid less than the prevailing wage rate, unless the failure of the contractor or subcontractor to pay the correct rate of per diem wages was a good faith mistake and, if so, the error was promptly and voluntarily corrected when brought to the attention of the contractor or subcontractor. (ii) The penalty may not be less than eighty dollars ($80) for each calendar day, or portion thereof, for each worker paid less than the prevailing wage rate, if the contractor or subcontractor has been assessed penalties within the previous three years for failing to meet its prevailing wage obligations on a separate contract, unless those penalties were subsequently withdrawn or overturned. (iii) The penalty may not be less than one hundred twenty dollars ($120) for each calendar day, or portion thereof, for each worker paid less than the prevailing wage rate, if the Labor Commissioner determines that the violation was willful, as defined in subdivision (c) of Section 1777.1. (C) If the amount due under this section is collected from the contractor or subcontractor, any outstanding wage claim under Chapter 1 (commencing with Section 1720) of Part 7 of Division 2 against that contractor or subcontractor shall be satisfied before applying that amount to the penalty imposed on that contractor or subcontractor pursuant to this section. (D) The determination of the Labor Commissioner as to the amount of the penalty shall be reviewable only for abuse of discretion. (E) The difference between the prevailing wage rates and the amount paid to each worker for each calendar day or portion thereof for which each worker was paid less than the prevailing wage rate shall be paid to each worker by the contractor or subcontractor, and the body awarding the contract shall cause to be inserted in the contract a stipulation that this section will be complied with. (b) If a worker employed by a subcontractor on a public works project is not paid the general prevailing rate of per diem wages by the subcontractor, the prime contractor of the project is not liable for any penalties under subdivision (a) unless the prime contractor had knowledge of that failure of the subcontractor to pay the specified prevailing rate of wages to those workers or unless the prime contractor fails to comply with all of the following requirements: (1) The contract executed between the contractor and the subcontractor for the performance of work on the public works project shall include a copy of the provisions of this section and Sections 1771, 1776, 1777.5, 1813, and 1815. (2) The contractor shall monitor the payment of the specified general prevailing rate of per diem wages by the subcontractor to the employees, by periodic review of the certified payroll records of the subcontractor. (3) Upon becoming aware of the failure of the subcontractor to pay his or her workers the specified prevailing rate of wages, the contractor shall diligently take corrective action to halt or rectify the failure, including, but not limited to, retaining sufficient funds due the subcontractor for work performed on the public works project. (4) Prior to making final payment to the subcontractor for work performed on the public works project, the contractor shall obtain an affidavit signed under penalty of perjury from the subcontractor that the subcontractor has paid the specified general prevailing rate of per diem wages to his or her employees on the public works project and any amounts due pursuant to Section 1813. (c) The Division of Labor Standards Enforcement shall notify the contractor on a public works project within 15 days of the receipt by the Division of Labor Standards Enforcement of a complaint of the failure of a subcontractor on that public works project to pay workers the general prevailing rate of per diem wages.

Cal. Labor Code - LAB § 1776. Section 1776.

(a) Each contractor and subcontractor shall keep accurate payroll records, showing the name, address, social security number, work classification, straight time and overtime hours worked each day and week, and the actual per diem wages paid to each journeyman, apprentice, worker, or other employee employed by the contractor or subcontractor in connection with the public work. Each payroll record shall contain or be verified by a written declaration that it is made under penalty of perjury, stating both of the following: (1) The information contained in the payroll record is true and correct. (2) The employer has complied with the requirements of Sections 1771, 1811, and 1815 for any work performed by that person’s employees on the public works project. (b) The payroll records enumerated under subdivision (a) shall be certified and shall be available for inspection at all reasonable hours at the principal office of the contractor on the following basis: (1) A certified copy of an employee’s payroll record shall be made available for inspection or furnished to the employee or the employee’s authorized representative on request. (2) A certified copy of all payroll records enumerated in subdivision (a) shall be made available for inspection or furnished upon request to a representative of the body awarding the contract and the Division of Labor Standards Enforcement of the Department of Industrial Relations. (3) A certified copy of all payroll records enumerated in subdivision (a) shall be made available upon request by the public for inspection or for copies thereof. However, a request by the public shall be made through either the body awarding the contract or the Division of Labor Standards Enforcement. If the request is made through the awarding body and the body is not in possession of the certified payroll records, the awarding body shall obtain those records from the relevant contractor and make them available to the requesting entity. If the requested payroll records have not been provided pursuant to paragraph (2), the requesting party shall, prior to being provided the records, reimburse the costs of preparation by the contractor, subcontractors, and the entity through which the request was made. The public may not be given access to the records at the principal office of the contractor. (4) If an awarding body seeks to obtain payroll records pursuant to paragraph (3), the contractor shall have 10 days to comply following receipt of a written notice requesting the records described in subdivision (a). If the contractor or subcontractor fails to comply within the 10-day period, the awarding body shall notify the Division of Labor Standards Enforcement who may request penalties be withheld from progress payments then due as described in subdivision (h). (c) Unless required to be furnished directly to the Labor Commissioner in accordance with paragraph (3) of subdivision (a) of Section 1771.4, the certified payroll records shall be on forms provided by the Division of Labor Standards Enforcement or shall contain the same information as the forms provided by the division. The payroll records may consist of printouts of payroll data that are maintained as computer records, if the printouts contain the same information as the forms provided by the division and the printouts are verified in the manner specified in subdivision (a). (d) A contractor or subcontractor shall file a certified copy of the records enumerated in subdivision (a) with the entity that requested the records within 10 days after receipt of a written request. (e) (1) Except as provided in subdivision (f), any copy of records made available for inspection as copies and furnished upon request to the public or any public agency by the awarding body or the Division of Labor Standards Enforcement shall be marked or obliterated to prevent disclosure of an individual’s name, address, and social security number. The name and address of the contractor awarded the contract or the subcontractor performing the contract shall not be marked or obliterated. Any copy of records made available for inspection by, or furnished to, a multiemployer Taft-Hartley trust fund (29 U.S.C. Sec. 186(c)(5)) that requests the records for the purposes of allocating contributions to participants shall be marked or obliterated only to prevent disclosure of an individual’s full social security number, but shall provide the last four digits of the social security number. Any copy of records made available for inspection by, or furnished to, a joint labor-management committee established pursuant to the federal Labor Management Cooperation Act of 1978 (29 U.S.C. Sec. 175a) shall be marked or obliterated only to prevent disclosure of an individual’s social security number. (2) Copies of electronic certified payroll records shall not satisfy payroll records requests made by Taft-Hartley trust funds and joint labor-management committees. Any copy of records requested by, and made available for inspection by or furnished to, a Taft-Hartley trust fund or joint labor-management committee shall be on forms provided by the Division of Labor Standards Enforcement or shall contain the same information as the forms provided by the division. (f) (1) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, agencies that are included in the Joint Enforcement Strike Force on the Underground Economy established pursuant to Section 329 of the Unemployment Insurance Code and other law enforcement agencies investigating violations of law shall, upon request, be provided nonredacted copies of certified payroll records. Any copies of records or certified payroll made available for inspection and furnished upon request to the public by an agency included in the Joint Enforcement Strike Force on the Underground Economy or to a law enforcement agency investigating a violation of law shall be marked or redacted to prevent disclosure of an individual’s name, address, and social security number. (2) An employer shall not be liable for damages in a civil action for any reasonable act or omission taken in good faith in compliance with this subdivision. (g) The contractor shall inform the body awarding the contract of the location of the records enumerated under subdivision (a), including the street address, city, and county, and shall, within five working days, provide a notice of a change of location and address. (h) The contractor or subcontractor has 10 days in which to comply subsequent to receipt of a written notice requesting the records enumerated in subdivision (a). In the event that the contractor or subcontractor fails to comply within the 10-day period, the contractor or subcontractor shall, as a penalty to the state or political subdivision on whose behalf the contract is made or awarded, forfeit one hundred dollars ($100) for each calendar day, or portion thereof, for each worker, until strict compliance is effectuated. Upon the request of the Division of Labor Standards Enforcement, these penalties shall be withheld from progress payments then due. A contractor is not subject to a penalty assessment pursuant to this section due to the failure of a subcontractor to comply with this section. (i) The body awarding the contract shall cause to be inserted in the contract stipulations to effectuate this section. (j) The director shall adopt rules consistent with the California Public Records Act (Division 10 (commencing with Section 7920.000) of Title 1 of the Government Code) and the Information Practices Act of 1977 (Title 1.8 (commencing with Section 1798) of Part 4 of Division 3 of the Civil Code) governing the release of these records, including the establishment of reasonable fees to be charged for reproducing copies of records required by this section.

Cal. Labor Code - LAB § 1777. Section 1777.

Any officer, agent, or representative of the State or of any political subdivision who wilfully violates any provision of this article, and any contractor, or subcontractor, or agent or representative thereof, doing public work who neglects to comply with any provision of section 1776 is guilty of a misdemeanor.

Cal. Labor Code - LAB § 1777.1. Section 1777.1.

(a) Whenever a contractor or subcontractor performing a public works project pursuant to this chapter is found by the Labor Commissioner to be in violation of this chapter with intent to defraud, the contractor or subcontractor or a firm, corporation, partnership, or association in which the contractor or subcontractor has any interest is ineligible for a period of not less than one year or more than three years to do either of the following: (1) Bid on or be awarded a contract for a public works project. (2) Perform work as a subcontractor on a public works project. (b) Whenever a contractor or subcontractor performing a public works project pursuant to this chapter is found by the Labor Commissioner to have committed two or more separate willful violations of this chapter within a three-year period, the contractor or subcontractor or a firm, corporation, partnership, or association in which the contractor or subcontractor has any interest is ineligible for a period up to three years to do either of the following: (1) Bid on or be awarded a contract for a public works project. (2) Perform work as a subcontractor on a public works project. (c) Whenever a contractor or subcontractor performing a public works project has failed to provide a timely response to a request by the Division of Labor Standards Enforcement, the Division of Apprenticeship Standards, or the awarding body to produce certified payroll records pursuant to Section 1776, the Labor Commissioner shall notify the contractor or subcontractor that, in addition to any other penalties provided by law, the contractor or subcontractor will be subject to debarment under this section if the certified payroll records are not produced within 30 days after receipt of the written notice. If the commissioner finds that the contractor or subcontractor has failed to comply with Section 1776 by that deadline, unless the commissioner finds that the failure to comply was due to circumstances outside the contractor’s or subcontractor’s control, the contractor or subcontractor or a firm, corporation, partnership, or association in which the contractor or subcontractor has any interest is ineligible for a period of not less than one year and not more than three years to do either of the following: (1) Bid on or be awarded a contract for a public works project. (2) Perform work as a subcontractor on a public works project. (d) (1) In the event a contractor or subcontractor is determined by the Labor Commissioner to have knowingly committed a serious violation of any provision of Section 1777.5, the Labor Commissioner may also deny to the contractor or subcontractor, and to its responsible officers, the right to bid on or to be awarded or perform work as a subcontractor on any public works contract for a period of up to one year for the first violation and for a period of up to three years for a second or subsequent violation. Each period of debarment shall run from the date the determination of noncompliance by the Labor Commissioner becomes a final order. (2) The Labor Commissioner shall consider, in determining whether a violation is serious, and in determining whether and for how long a party should be debarred for violating Section 1777.5, all of the following circumstances: (A) Whether the violation was intentional. (B) Whether the party has committed other violations of Section 1777.5. (C) Whether, upon notice of the violation, the party took steps to voluntarily remedy the violation. (D) Whether, and to what extent, the violation resulted in lost training opportunities for apprentices. (E) Whether, and to what extent, the violation otherwise harmed apprentices or apprenticeship programs. (e) A willful violation occurs when the contractor or subcontractor knew or reasonably should have known of his or her obligations under the public works law and deliberately fails or deliberately refuses to comply with its provisions. (f) The Labor Commissioner shall publish on the commissioner’s Internet Web site a list of contractors who are ineligible to bid on or be awarded a public works contract, or to perform work as a subcontractor on a public works project pursuant to this chapter. The list shall contain the name of the contractor, the Contractors’ State License Board license number of the contractor, and the effective period of debarment of the contractor. Contractors shall be added to the list upon issuance of a debarment order and the commissioner shall also notify the Contractors’ State License Board when the list is updated. At least annually, the commissioner shall notify awarding bodies of the availability of the list of debarred contractors. The commissioner shall also place advertisements in construction industry publications targeted to the contractors and subcontractors, chosen by the commissioner, that state the effective period of the debarment and the reason for debarment. The advertisements shall appear one time for each debarment of a contractor in each publication chosen by the commissioner. The debarred contractor or subcontractor shall be liable to the commissioner for the reasonable cost of the advertisements, not to exceed five thousand dollars ($5,000). The amount paid to the commissioner for the advertisements shall be credited against the contractor’s or subcontractor’s obligation to pay civil fines or penalties for the same willful violation of this chapter. (g) For purposes of this section, “contractor or subcontractor” means a firm, corporation, partnership, or association and its responsible managing officer, as well as any supervisors, managers, and officers found by the Labor Commissioner to be personally and substantially responsible for the willful violation of this chapter. (h) For the purposes of this section, the term “any interest” means an interest in the entity bidding or performing work on the public works project, whether as an owner, partner, officer, manager, employee, agent, consultant, or representative. “Any interest” includes, but is not limited to, all instances where the debarred contractor or subcontractor receives payments, whether cash or any other form of compensation, from any entity bidding or performing work on the public works project, or enters into any contracts or agreements with the entity bidding or performing work on the public works project for services performed or to be performed for contracts that have been or will be assigned or sublet, or for vehicles, tools, equipment, or supplies that have been or will be sold, rented, or leased during the period from the initiation of the debarment proceedings until the end of the term of the debarment period. “Any interest” does not include shares held in a publicly traded corporation if the shares were not received as compensation after the initiation of debarment from an entity bidding or performing work on a public works project. (i) For the purposes of this section, the term “entity” is defined as a company, limited liability company, association, partnership, sole proprietorship, limited liability partnership, corporation, business trust, or organization. (j) The Labor Commissioner shall adopt rules and regulations for the administration and enforcement of this section.

Cal. Labor Code - LAB § 1777.5. Section 1777.5.

(a) (1) This chapter does not prevent the employment upon public works of properly registered apprentices who are active participants in an approved apprenticeship program. (2) For purposes of this chapter, “apprenticeship program” means a program under the jurisdiction of the California Apprenticeship Council established pursuant to Section 3070. (b) (1) Every apprentice employed upon public works shall be paid the prevailing rate of per diem wages for apprentices in the trade to which he or she is registered and shall be employed only at the work of the craft or trade to which he or she is registered. (2) Unless otherwise provided by a collective bargaining agreement, when a contractor requests the dispatch of an apprentice pursuant to this section to perform work on a public works project and requires the apprentice to fill out an application or undergo testing, training, an examination, or other preemployment process as a condition of employment, the apprentice shall be paid for the time spent on the required preemployment activity, including travel time to and from the required activity, if any, at the prevailing rate of per diem wages for apprentices in the trade to which he or she is registered. Unless otherwise provided by a collective bargaining agreement, a contractor is not required to compensate an apprentice for the time spent on preemployment activities if the apprentice is required to take a preemployment drug or alcohol test and he or she fails to pass that test. (c) Only apprentices, as defined in Section 3077, who are in training under apprenticeship standards that have been approved by the Chief of the Division of Apprenticeship Standards and who are parties to written apprentice agreements under Chapter 4 (commencing with Section 3070) of Division 3 are eligible to be employed at the apprentice wage rate on public works. The employment and training of each apprentice shall be in accordance with either of the following: (1) The apprenticeship standards and apprentice agreements under which he or she is training. (2) The rules and regulations of the California Apprenticeship Council. (d) If the contractor to whom the contract is awarded by the state or any political subdivision, in performing any of the work under the contract, employs workers in any apprenticeable craft or trade, the contractor shall employ apprentices in at least the ratio set forth in this section and may apply to any apprenticeship program in the craft or trade that can provide apprentices to the site of the public work for a certificate approving the contractor under the apprenticeship standards for the employment and training of apprentices in the area or industry affected. However, the decision of the apprenticeship program to approve or deny a certificate shall be subject to review by the Administrator of Apprenticeship. The apprenticeship program or programs, upon approving the contractor, shall arrange for the dispatch of apprentices to the contractor. A contractor covered by an apprenticeship program’s standards shall not be required to submit any additional application in order to include additional public works contracts under that program. “Apprenticeable craft or trade,” as used in this section, means a craft or trade determined as an apprenticeable occupation in accordance with rules and regulations prescribed by the California Apprenticeship Council. As used in this section, “contractor” includes any subcontractor under a contractor who performs any public works not excluded by subdivision (o). (e) Before commencing work on a contract for public works, every contractor shall submit contract award information to an applicable apprenticeship program that can supply apprentices to the site of the public work. The information submitted shall include an estimate of journeyman hours to be performed under the contract, the number of apprentices proposed to be employed, and the approximate dates the apprentices would be employed. A copy of this information shall also be submitted to the awarding body, if requested by the awarding body. Within 60 days after concluding work on the contract, each contractor and subcontractor shall submit to the awarding body, if requested, and to the apprenticeship program a verified statement of the journeyman and apprentice hours performed on the contract. The information under this subdivision shall be public. The apprenticeship programs shall retain this information for 12 months. (f) The apprenticeship program supplying apprentices to the area of the site of the public work shall ensure equal employment and affirmative action in apprenticeship for women and minorities. (g) The ratio of work performed by apprentices to journeymen employed in a particular craft or trade on the public work may be no higher than the ratio stipulated in the apprenticeship standards under which the apprenticeship program operates if the contractor agrees to be bound by those standards. However, except as otherwise provided in this section, in no case shall the ratio be less than one hour of apprentice work for every five hours of journeyman work. (h) This ratio of apprentice work to journeyman work shall apply during any day or portion of a day when any journeyman is employed at the jobsite and shall be computed on the basis of the hours worked during the day by journeymen so employed. Any work performed by a journeyman in excess of eight hours per day or 40 hours per week shall not be used to calculate the ratio. The contractor shall employ apprentices for the number of hours computed as above before the end of the contract or, in the case of a subcontractor, before the end of the subcontract. However, the contractor shall endeavor, to the greatest extent possible, to employ apprentices during the same time period that the journeymen in the same craft or trade are employed at the jobsite. When an hourly apprenticeship ratio is not feasible for a particular craft or trade, the Administrator of Apprenticeship, upon application of an apprenticeship program, may order a minimum ratio of not less than one apprentice for each five journeymen in a craft or trade classification. (i) A contractor covered by this section who has agreed to be covered by an apprenticeship program’s standards upon the issuance of the approval certificate, or who has been previously approved for an apprenticeship program in the craft or trade, shall employ the number of apprentices or the ratio of apprentices to journeymen stipulated in the applicable apprenticeship standards, but in no event less than the 1-to-5 ratio required by subdivision (g). (j) Upon proper showing by a contractor that he or she employs apprentices in a particular craft or trade in the state on all of his or her contracts on an annual average of not less than one hour of apprentice work for every five hours of labor performed by journeymen, the Administrator of Apprenticeship may grant a certificate exempting the contractor from the 1-to-5 hourly ratio, as set forth in this section for that craft or trade. (k) An apprenticeship program has the discretion to grant to a participating contractor or contractor association a certificate, which shall be subject to the approval of the Administrator of Apprenticeship, exempting the contractor from the 1-to-5 ratio set forth in this section when it finds that any one of the following conditions is met: (1) Unemployment for the previous three-month period in the area exceeds an average of 15 percent. (2) The number of apprentices in training in the area exceeds a ratio of 1 to 5. (3) There is a showing that the apprenticeable craft or trade is replacing at least one-thirtieth of its journeymen annually through apprenticeship training, either on a statewide basis or on a local basis. (4) Assignment of an apprentice to any work performed under a public works contract would create a condition that would jeopardize his or her life or the life, safety, or property of fellow employees or the public at large, or the specific task to which the apprentice is to be assigned is of a nature that training cannot be provided by a journeyman. (l) If an exemption is granted pursuant to subdivision (k) to an organization that represents contractors in a specific trade from the 1-to-5 ratio on a local or statewide basis, the member contractors shall not be required to submit individual applications for approval to local joint apprenticeship committees, if they are already covered by the local apprenticeship standards. (m) (1) A contractor to whom a contract is awarded, who, in performing any of the work under the contract, employs journeymen or apprentices in any apprenticeable craft or trade shall contribute to the California Apprenticeship Council the same amount that the director determines is the prevailing amount of apprenticeship training contributions in the area of the public works site. A contractor may take as a credit for payments to the council any amounts paid by the contractor to an approved apprenticeship program that can supply apprentices to the site of the public works project. The contractor may add the amount of the contributions in computing his or her bid for the contract. (2) (A) At the conclusion of the 2002–03 fiscal year and each fiscal year thereafter, the California Apprenticeship Council shall distribute training contributions received by the council under this subdivision, less the expenses of the Department of Industrial Relations for administering this subdivision, by making grants to approved apprenticeship programs for the purpose of training apprentices. The grant funds shall be distributed as follows: (i) If there is an approved multiemployer apprenticeship program serving the same craft or trade and geographic area for which the training contributions were made to the council, a grant to that program shall be made. (ii) If there are two or more approved multiemployer apprenticeship programs serving the same craft or trade and county for which the training contributions were made to the council, the grant shall be divided among those programs based on the number of apprentices from that county registered in each program. (iii) All training contributions not distributed under clauses (i) and (ii) shall be used to defray the future expenses of the Department of Industrial Relations for the administration and enforcement of apprenticeship and preapprenticeship standards and requirements under this code. (B) An apprenticeship program shall only be eligible to receive grant funds pursuant to this subdivision if the apprenticeship program agrees, prior to the receipt of any grant funds, to keep adequate records that document the expenditure of grant funds and to make all records available to the Department of Industrial Relations so that the Department of Industrial Relations is able to verify that grant funds were used solely for training apprentices. For purposes of this subparagraph, adequate records include, but are not limited to, invoices, receipts, and canceled checks that account for the expenditure of grant funds. This subparagraph shall not be deemed to require an apprenticeship program to provide the Department of Industrial Relations with more documentation than is necessary to verify the appropriate expenditure of grant funds made pursuant to this subdivision. (C) The Department of Industrial Relations shall verify that grants made pursuant to this subdivision are used solely to fund training apprentices. If an apprenticeship program is unable to demonstrate how grant funds are expended or if an apprenticeship program is found to be using grant funds for purposes other than training apprentices, then the apprenticeship program shall not be eligible to receive any future grant pursuant to this subdivision and the Department of Industrial Relations may initiate the process to rescind the registration of the apprenticeship program. (3) All training contributions received pursuant to this subdivision shall be deposited in the Apprenticeship Training Contribution Fund, which is hereby created in the State Treasury. Upon appropriation by the Legislature, all moneys in the Apprenticeship Training Contribution Fund shall be used for the purpose of carrying out this subdivision and to pay the expenses of the Department of Industrial Relations. (n) The body awarding the contract shall cause to be inserted in the contract stipulations to effectuate this section. The stipulations shall fix the responsibility of compliance with this section for all apprenticeable occupations with the prime contractor. (o) This section does not apply to contracts of general contractors or to contracts of specialty contractors not bidding for work through a general or prime contractor when the contracts of general contractors or those specialty contractors involve less than thirty thousand dollars ($30,000). (p) An awarding body that implements an approved labor compliance program in accordance with subdivision (b) of Section 1771.5 may, with the approval of the director, assist in the enforcement of this section under the terms and conditions prescribed by the director.

Cal. Labor Code - LAB § 1777.6. Section 1777.6.

An employer or a labor union shall not refuse to accept otherwise qualified employees as registered apprentices on any public works on any basis listed in subdivision (a) of Section 12940 of the Government Code, as those bases are defined in Sections 12926 and 12926.1 of the Government Code, except as provided in Section 3077 of this code and Section 12940 of the Government Code.

Cal. Labor Code - LAB § 1777.7. Section 1777.7.

(a) (1) If the Labor Commissioner or his or her designee determines after an investigation that a contractor or subcontractor knowingly violated Section 1777.5, the contractor and any subcontractor responsible for the violation shall forfeit, as a civil penalty to the state or political subdivision on whose behalf the contract is made or awarded, not more than one hundred dollars ($100) for each full calendar day of noncompliance. The amount of this penalty may be reduced by the Labor Commissioner if the amount of the penalty would be disproportionate to the severity of the violation. A contractor or subcontractor that knowingly commits a second or subsequent violation within a three-year period, if the noncompliance results in apprenticeship training not being provided as required by this chapter, shall forfeit as a civil penalty the sum of not more than three hundred dollars ($300) for each full calendar day of noncompliance. (2) In lieu of the penalty provided for in this subdivision, the Labor Commissioner may, for a first-time violation and with the concurrence of an apprenticeship program described in subdivision (d) of Section 1777.5, order the contractor or subcontractor to provide apprentice employment equivalent to the work hours that would have been provided for apprentices during the period of noncompliance. (b) The Labor Commissioner shall consider, in setting the amount of a monetary penalty, all of the following circumstances: (1) Whether the violation was intentional. (2) Whether the party has committed other violations of Section 1777.5. (3) Whether, upon notice of the violation, the party took steps to voluntarily remedy the violation. (4) Whether, and to what extent, the violation resulted in lost training opportunities for apprentices. (5) Whether, and to what extent, the violation otherwise harmed apprentices or apprenticeship programs. (c) (1) The Labor Commissioner or his or her designee shall issue a civil wage and penalty assessment, in accordance with the provisions of Section 1741, upon determination of penalties assessed under subdivisions (a) and (b). Review of a civil wage and penalty assessment issued under this subdivision may be requested in accordance with the provisions of Section 1742. The regulations of the Director of Industrial Relations, which govern proceedings for review of civil wage and penalty assessments and the withholding of contract payments under Article 1 (commencing with Section 1720) and Article 2 (commencing with Section 1770), shall apply. (2) For purposes of this section, a determination issued pursuant to subdivision (a) or (b) includes a determination that has been approved by the Labor Commissioner and issued by an awarding body that has been authorized to assist the director in the enforcement of Section 1777.5 pursuant to subdivision (p) of that section. The Labor Commissioner may intervene in any proceeding for review of a determination issued by an awarding body. If the involvement of the Labor Commissioner in a labor compliance program enforcement action is limited to a review of the determination and the matter is resolved without litigation by or against the Labor Commissioner or the department, the awarding body shall enforce any applicable penalties, as specified in this section, and shall deposit any penalties and forfeitures collected in the General Fund. (d) The determination of the Labor Commissioner as to the amount of the penalty imposed under subdivisions (a) and (b) shall be reviewable only for an abuse of discretion. (e) If a subcontractor is found to have violated Section 1777.5, the prime contractor of the project is not liable for any penalties under subdivision (a) unless the prime contractor had knowledge of the subcontractor’s failure to comply with the provisions of Section 1777.5 or unless the prime contractor fails to comply with any of the following requirements: (1) The contract executed between the contractor and the subcontractor for the performance of work on the public works project shall include a copy of the provisions of Sections 1771, 1775, 1776, 1777.5, 1813, and 1815. (2) The contractor shall continually monitor a subcontractor’s use of apprentices required to be employed on the public works project pursuant to subdivision (d) of Section 1777.5, including, but not limited to, periodic review of the certified payroll of the subcontractor. (3) Upon becoming aware of a failure of the subcontractor to employ the required number of apprentices, the contractor shall take corrective action, including, but not limited to, retaining funds due to the subcontractor for work performed on the public works project until the failure is corrected. (4) Prior to making the final payment to the subcontractor for work performed on the public works project, the contractor shall obtain a declaration signed under penalty of perjury from the subcontractor that the subcontractor has employed the required number of apprentices on the public works project. (f) The Division of Labor Standards Enforcement shall notify the contractor on a public works project within 15 days of the receipt by the division of a complaint that a subcontractor on that public works project knowingly violated Section 1777.5. (g) The interpretation of Section 1777.5 and the substantive requirements of this section applicable to contractors or subcontractors shall be in accordance with the regulations of the California Apprenticeship Council. (h) The Director of Industrial Relations may adopt regulations to establish guidelines for the imposition of monetary penalties.

Cal. Labor Code - LAB § 1778. Section 1778.

Every person, who individually or as a representative of an awarding or public body or officer, or as a contractor or subcontractor doing public work, or agent or officer thereof, who takes, receives, or conspires with another to take or receive, for his or her own use or the use of any other person any portion of the wages of any worker or working subcontractor, in connection with services rendered upon any public work is guilty of a felony.

Cal. Labor Code - LAB § 1779. Section 1779.

Any person or agent or officer thereof who charges, collects, or attempts to charge or collect, directly or indirectly, a fee or valuable consideration for registering any person for public work, or for giving information as to where such employment may be procured, or for placing, assisting in placing, or attempting to place, any person in public work, whether the person is to work directly for the State, or any political subdivision or for a contractor or subcontractor doing public work is guilty of a misdemeanor.

Cal. Labor Code - LAB § 1780. Section 1780.

Any person acting on behalf of the State or any political subdivision, or any contractor or subcontractor or agent or representative thereof, doing any public work who places any order for the employment of a worker on public work where the filling of the order for employment involves the charging of a fee, or the receiving of a valuable consideration from any applicant for employment is guilty of a misdemeanor.

Cal. Labor Code - LAB § 1781. Section 1781.

(a) (1) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, a contractor may, subject to paragraphs (2) and (3), bring an action in a court of competent jurisdiction to recover from the body awarding a contract for a public work or otherwise undertaking any public work any increased costs incurred by the contractor as a result of any decision by the body, the Department of Industrial Relations, or a court that classifies, after the time at which the body accepts the contractor’s bid or awards the contractor a contract in circumstances where no bid is solicited, the work covered by the bid or contract as a “public work,” as defined in this chapter, to which Section 1771 applies, if that body, before the bid opening or awarding of the contract, failed to identify as a “public work,” as defined in this chapter, in the bid specification or in the contract documents that portion of the work that the decision classifies as a “public work.” (2) The body awarding a contract for a public work or otherwise undertaking any public work is not liable for increased costs in an action described in paragraph (1) if all of the following conditions are met: (A) The contractor did not directly submit a bid to, or directly contract with, that body. (B) The body stated in the contract, agreement, ordinance, or other written arrangement by which it undertook the public work that the work described in paragraph (1) was a “public work,” as defined in this chapter, to which Section 1771 applies, and obligated the party with whom the body makes its written arrangement to cause the work described in paragraph (1) to be performed as a “public work.” (C) The body fulfilled all of its duties, if any, under the Civil Code or any other provision of law pertaining to the body providing and maintaining bonds to secure the payment of contractors, including the payment of wages to workers performing the work described in paragraph (1). (3) If a contractor did not directly submit a bid to, or directly contract with a body awarding a contract for, or otherwise undertaking a public work, the liability of that body in an action commenced by the contractor under subdivision (a) is limited to that portion of a judgment, obtained by that contractor against the body that solicited the contractor’s bid or awarded the contract to the contractor, that the contractor is unable to satisfy. For purposes of this paragraph, a contractor may not be deemed to be unable to satisfy any portion of a judgment unless, in addition to other collection measures, the contractor has made a good faith attempt to collect that portion of the judgment against a surety bond, guarantee, or some other form of assurance. (b) When construction has not commenced at the time a final decision by the Department of Industrial Relations or a court classifies all or part of the work covered by the bid or contract as a “public work,” as defined in this chapter, the body that solicited the bid or awarded the contract shall rebid the “public work” covered by the contract as a “public work,” any bid that was submitted and any contract that was executed for this work are null and void, and the contractor may not be compensated for any nonconstruction work already performed unless the body soliciting the bid or awarding the contract has agreed to compensate the contractor for this work. (c) For purposes of this section: (1) “Awarding body” does not include the Department of General Services, the Department of Transportation, or the Department of Water Resources. (2) “Increased costs” includes, but is not limited to: (A) Labor cost increases required to be paid to workers who perform or performed work on the “public work” as a result of the events described in subdivision (a). (B) Penalties for a violation of this article for which the contractor is liable, and which violation is the result of the events described in subdivision (a).

Cal. Labor Code - LAB § 1782. Section 1782.

(a) A charter city shall not receive or use state funding or financial assistance for a construction project if the city has a charter provision or ordinance that authorizes a contractor to not comply with the provisions of this article on any public works contract. (b) A charter city shall not receive or use state funding or financial assistance for a construction project if the city has awarded, within the prior two years, a public works contract without requiring the contractor to comply with all of the provisions of this article. This subdivision shall not apply if the charter city’s failure to include the prevailing wage or apprenticeship requirement in a particular contract was inadvertent and contrary to a city charter provision or ordinance that otherwise requires compliance with this article. (c) A charter city is not disqualified by subdivision (a) from receiving or using state funding or financial assistance for its construction projects if the charter city has a local prevailing wage ordinance for all its public works contracts that includes requirements that in all respects are equal to or greater than the requirements imposed by the provisions of this article and that do not authorize a contractor to not comply with this article. (d) For purposes of this section, the following shall apply: (1) A public works contract does not include contracts for projects of twenty-five thousand dollars ($25,000) or less when the project is for construction work, or projects of fifteen thousand dollars ($15,000) or less when the project is for alteration, demolition, repair, or maintenance work. (2) A charter city includes any agency of a charter city and any entity controlled by a charter city whose contracts would be subject to this article. (3) A “construction project” means a project that involves the award of a public works contract. (4) State funding or financial assistance includes direct state funding, state loans and loan guarantees, state tax credits, and any other type of state financial support for a construction project. State funding or financial assistance does not include revenues that charter cities are entitled to receive without conditions under the California Constitution. (e) The Director of Industrial Relations shall maintain a list of charter cities that may receive and use state funding or financial assistance for their construction projects. (f) (1) This section does not restrict a charter city from receiving or using state funding or financial assistance that was awarded to the city prior to January 1, 2015, or from receiving or using state funding or financial assistance to complete a contract that was awarded prior to January 1, 2015. (2) A charter city is not disqualified by subdivision (b) from receiving or using state funding or financial assistance for its construction projects based on the city’s failure to require a contractor to comply with this article in performing a contract the city advertised for bid or awarded prior to January 1, 2015.

Cal. Labor Code - LAB § 1784. Section 1784.

(a) Notwithstanding any other law, a contractor may bring an action in a court of competent jurisdiction to recover from the hiring party that the contractor directly contracts with, any increased costs attributable solely to the provisions of this chapter, including, but not limited to, the difference between the wages actually paid to an employee and the wages that were required to be paid to an employee under this chapter, any penalties or other sums required to be paid under this chapter, and costs and attorney’s fees for the action incurred by the contractor as a result of any decision by the Department of Industrial Relations, the Labor and Workforce Development Agency, or a court that classifies, after the time at which the hiring party accepts the contractor’s bid, awards the contractor a contract under circumstances when no bid is solicited, or otherwise allows construction by the contractor to proceed, the work covered by the project, or any portion thereof, as a “public work,” as defined in this chapter, except to the extent that either of the following is true: (1) The owner or developer or its agent expressly advised the contractor that the work to be covered by the contract would be a “public work,” as defined in this chapter, or is otherwise subject to the payment of prevailing wages. (2) The hiring party expressly advised the contractor that the work subject to the contract would be a “public work,” as defined in this chapter, or is otherwise subject to the payment of prevailing wages. (b) (1) To be entitled to the recovery of increased costs described in subdivision (a), the contractor shall notify the hiring party and the owner or developer within 30 days after receipt of the notice of a decision by the Department of Industrial Relations or the Labor and Workforce Development Agency, or the initiation of any action in a court alleging, that the work covered by the project, or any portion thereof, is a “public work,” as defined in this chapter. (2) The notice provided pursuant to this subdivision shall set forth the legal name, address, and telephone number of the contractor, and the name, address, and telephone number of the contractor’s representative, if any, and shall be given by registered or certified mail, express mail, or overnight delivery by an express service carrier. (c) A contractor is not required to list any prevailing wages or apprenticeship standard violations on a prequalification questionnaire that are the direct result of the failure of the owner or developer or its agent, or a hiring party, to notify the contractor that the project, or any portion thereof, was a “public work,” as defined in this chapter. (d) This section does not apply to private residential projects built on private property unless the project is built pursuant to an agreement with a state agency, redevelopment agency, or local public housing authority. (e) This section does not apply if the conduct of the contractor caused the project to be a “public work,” as defined in this chapter, or if the contractor has actual knowledge that the work is a “public work,” as defined in this chapter. (f) A contractor may seek recovery pursuant to this section only from a hiring party with whom the contractor has a direct contract. (g) For purposes of this section, “contractor” means a person or entity licensed by the Contractors’ State Licensing Board that has a direct contract with the hiring party to provide services on private property or for the benefit of a private owner or developer. (h) For purposes of this section, “hiring party” means the party that has a direct contract for services provided by the contractor who is seeking recovery pursuant to subdivision (a) on a private works project that was subsequently determined to be a public work by the Department of Industrial Relations or the Labor and Workforce Development Agency, or by the initiation of any action in a court alleging that the work covered by the project, or any portion thereof, was a public work.

Cal. Labor Code - LAB § 1785. Section 1785.

(a) The director shall establish and maintain a strategic enforcement unit focused on construction, alteration, and repair projects. The unit shall enhance the department’s enforcement of this code in construction, alteration, and repair projects, including projects funded pursuant to Section 50675.1.3 of the Health and Safety Code and other publicly funded residential construction projects. The unit shall have primary responsibility for enforcement of this code in construction projects subject to Section 50675.1.3 of the Health and Safety Code. Any funds appropriated to the department for purposes of this section shall be administered and allocated by the director. (b) The strategic enforcement unit described in subdivision (a) shall provide technical assistance to local public entities related to both of the following: (1) Best practices for monitoring and enforcing requirements pertaining to construction, alteration, and repair projects paid for in whole or in part out of public funds, including, but not limited to, this chapter. (2) Outreach and engagement with workers, employers, and state certified apprenticeship programs connected to construction, alteration, and repair projects.

Source: CA Legislative Counsel Bulk DataURL: https://downloads.leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/pubinfo_2025.zipFetched: 6/27/2026