USC Subchapter III

in effect

22 U.S.C. § 5441 Educational and cultural exchanges and sister institutions programs with Poland and Hungary

(a) Educational and cultural exchanges(1) Support for expanded U.S. participationThe United States should expand its participation in educational and cultural exchange activities with Poland and Hungary, using the full array of existing government-funded and privately-funded programs, with particular emphasis on the J. William Fulbright Educational Exchange Program, the International Visitors Program, the Samantha Smith Memorial Exchange Program, the exchange programs of the National Academy of Sciences, youth and student exchanges through such private organizations as The Experiment in International Living, The American Field Service Committee, and Youth for Understanding, and research exchanges sponsored by the International Research and Exchanges Board (IREX). (2) Emphasis on skills in business and economicsThe United States should place particular emphasis on expanding its participation in educational exchange activities that will assist in developing the skills in business and economics that are necessary for the development of a free market economy in Poland and Hungary. (b) Binational Fulbright commissionsThe United States should take all appropriate action to establish binational Fulbright commissions with Poland and Hungary in order to facilitate and enhance academic and scholarly exchanges with those countries. (c) Reciprocal cultural centersThe President should consider the establishment of reciprocal cultural centers in Poland and the United States and in Hungary and the United States to facilitate government-funded and privately-funded cultural exchanges. (d) Sister institutions programsThe President shall act to encourage the establishment of “sister institution” programs between American and Polish organizations and between American and Hungarian organizations, including such organizations as institutions of higher education, cities and towns, and organizations in such fields as medicine and health care, business management, environmental protection, and agricultural research and marketing. (e) Authorization of appropriationsTo enable the United States Information Agency to support the activities described in this section, there are authorized to be appropriated $12,000,000 for the 3-year period beginning October 1, 1989, in addition to amounts otherwise available for such purposes.

22 U.S.C. § 5442 Poland-Hungary scholarship partnership

(a) Establishment of scholarship programThe Administrator of the Agency for International Development is authorized to establish and administer a program of scholarship assistance, in cooperation with State governments, universities, community colleges, and businesses, to provide scholarships to enable students from Poland and Hungary to study in the United States. (b) Emphasis on business and economicsThe scholarship program provided for in this section shall emphasize scholarships to enable students from Poland and Hungary to study business and economics in the United States. Such scholarships may be provided for study in programs that range from the standard management courses to more specialized assistance in commercial banking and the creation of a stock market. (c) Grants to StatesIn carrying out this section, the Administrator may make grants to States to provide scholarship assistance for undergraduate or graduate degree programs, and training programs of one year or longer, in study areas related to the critical development needs of Poland and Hungary. (d) Consultation with StatesThe Administrator shall consult with the participating States with regard to the educational opportunities available within each State and on the assignment of scholarship recipients. (e) Federal shareThe Federal share for each year for which a State receives payments under this section shall not be more than 50 percent. (f) Non-Federal shareThe non-Federal share of payments under this section may be in cash, including the waiver of tuition or the offering of in-State tuition or housing waivers or subsidies, or in-kind fairly evaluated, including the provision of books or supplies. (g) Forgiveness of scholarship assistanceThe obligation of any recipient to reimburse any entity for any or all scholarship assistance provided under this section shall be forgiven upon the recipient’s prompt return to Poland or Hungary, as the case may be, for a period which is at least one year longer than the period spent studying in the United States with scholarship assistance. (h) Private sector participationTo the maximum extent practicable, each participating State shall enlist the assistance of the private sector to enable the State to meet the non-Federal share of payments under this section. Wherever appropriate, each participating State shall encourage the private sector to offer internships or other opportunities consistent with the purposes of this section to students receiving scholarships under this section. (i) FundingGrants to States pursuant to this section shall be made with funds made available to carry out chapter 1 of part I of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2151 and following; relating to development assistance) or chapter 4 of part II of that Act (22 U.S.C. 2346 and following; relating to the economic support fund). In addition to amounts otherwise available for such purpose under those chapters, there are authorized to be appropriated $10,000,000 for the 3-year period beginning October 1, 1989, for use in carrying out this section. (j) Restrictions not applicableProhibitions on the use of foreign assistance funds for assistance for Poland and Hungary shall not apply with respect to the funds made available to carry out this section. (k) “State” definedAs used in this section, the term “State” means each of the several States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, Guam, American Samoa, the Virgin Islands, the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands.

22 U.S.C. § 5443 Science and technology exchange with Poland and Hungary

(a) Agreement with PolandThere are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary of State for purposes of continuing to implement the 1987 United States-Polish science and technology agreement—(1) $1,500,000 for fiscal year 1990, (2) $2,000,000 for fiscal year 1991, and (3) $2,000,000 for fiscal year 1992. (b) Agreement with HungaryThere are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary of State for purposes of implementing the 1989 United States-Hungarian science and technology agreement—(1) $500,000 for fiscal year 1990, (2) $1,000,000 for fiscal year 1991, and (3) $1,000,000 for fiscal year 1992. (c) Definition of agreements being fundedFor purposes of this section—(1) the term “1987 United States-Polish science and technology agreement” refers to the agreement concluded in 1987 by the United States and Poland, entitled “Agreement Between the Government of the United States of America and the Polish People’s Republic on Cooperation in Science and Technology and Its Funding”, together with annexes relating thereto; and (2) the term “1989 United States-Hungarian science and technology agreement” refers to the agreement concluded in 1989 by the United States and Hungary, entitled “Agreement Between the Government of the United States of America and the Government of the Hungarian People’s Republic for Scientific and Technology Cooperation”, together with annexes relating thereto.