In what cases judge disqualified
Va. Code Ann. § 16.1-69.23
in effectIf the judge or substitute judge of any district court:
(1) Be a party to an action;
(2) Be interested in the result of any action, otherwise than as resident or taxpayer of the city or county;
(3) Be related to any party to the action as spouse, grandparent, parent, father-in-law, mother-in-law, child, grandchild, son-in-law, daughter-in-law, brother, sister, brother-in-law, sister-in-law, nephew, niece, uncle, aunt, first cousin, guardian or ward;
(4) Be a material witness for either party to the action;
(5) Be counsel for any party to the action;
he shall not take cognizance thereof.
1972, c. 708; 1973, c. 546.
Source: Open US Law by Vaquill AI (CC BY 4.0)URL: https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/16.1-69.23/Fetched: 10/16/2026