Civil remedy for financial exploitation - Damages - Commencement of action
N.D. Cent. Code § 50-25.2-11.1
in effect50-25.2-11.1. Civil remedy for financial exploitation - Damages - Commencement of
action.
1. A vulnerable adult who has been financially exploited has a cause of action against
any perpetrator and may recover damages for that exploitation. The action may be
brought in a court of competent jurisdiction by:
a. The vulnerable adult;
b. The vulnerable adult's guardian or conservator;
c. Any person acting on behalf of the vulnerable adult with the consent of the
vulnerable adult; or
d. The personal representative of the estate of a deceased victim.
2. An action for financial exploitation of a vulnerable adult must be proven by clear and
convincing evidence. If financial exploitation is proven, the court shall award to the
plaintiff actual damages, reasonable attorney's fees and costs, and reasonable fees for
the services of a guardian ad litem if appointed by the court.
3. If the financial exploitation of the vulnerable adult by the perpetrator involved
oppression, fraud, deception, or actual malice, the court may award exemplary
damages in accordance with section 32-03.2-11.
4. An action for damages for financial exploitation of a vulnerable adult must be
commenced within six years after the plaintiff discovers or, through exercise of
reasonable diligence, should have discovered the facts constituting the financial
exploitation.
Source: Open US Law by Vaquill AI (CC BY 4.0)URL: https://ndlegis.gov/cencode/t50c25-2.pdf#nameddest=50-25p2-11p1Fetched: 10/16/2026