Hearings

29 C.F.R. Part ..., Subpart C
in effectEffective: 2024-07-01

29 C.F.R. § 1905.20 Notice of hearing.

(a) Service. Upon request for a hearing as provided in this part, or upon his own initiative, the Assistant Secretary shall serve, or cause to be served, a reasonable notice of hearing. (b) Contents. A notice of hearing served under paragraph (a) of this section shall include: (1) The time, place, and nature of the hearing; (2) The legal authority under which the hearing is to be held; (3) A specification of issues of fact and law; and (4) A designation of a hearing examiner appointed under 5 U.S.C. 3105 to preside over the hearing. (c) Referral to hearing examiner. A copy of a notice of hearing served pursuant to paragraph (a) of this section shall be referred to the hearing examiner designated therein, together with the original application and any written request for a hearing thereon filed pursuant to this part.

29 C.F.R. § 1905.21 Manner of service.

Service of any document upon any party may be made by personal delivery of, or by mailing, a copy of the document to the last known address of the party. The person serving the document shall certify to the manner and the date of the service.

29 C.F.R. § 1905.22 Hearing examiners; powers and duties.

(a) Powers. A hearing examiner designated to preside over a hearing shall have all powers necessary or appropriate to conduct a fair, full, and impartial hearing, including the following: (1) To administer oaths and affirmations; (2) To rule upon offers of proof and receive relevant evidence; (3) To provide for discovery and to determine its scope; (4) To regulate the course of the hearing and the conduct of the parties and their counsel therein; (5) To consider and rule upon procedural requests; (6) To hold conferences for the settlement or simplification of the issues by consent of the parties; (7) To make, or to cause to be made, an inspection of the employment or place of employment involved. (8) To make decisions in accordance with the Act, this part, and the Administrative Procedure Act (5 U.S.C. Ch. 5); and (9) To take any other appropriate action authorized by the Act, this part, or the Administrative Procedure Act. (b) Private consultation. Except to the extent required for the disposition of ex parte matters, a hearing examiner may not consult a person or a party on any fact at issue, unless upon notice and opportunity for all parties to participate. (c) Disqualification. (1) When a hearing examiner deems himself disqualified to preside over a particular hearing, he shall withdraw therefrom by notice on the record directed to the Chief Hearing Examiner. (2) Any party who deems a hearing examiner for any reason to be disqualified to preside, or to continue to preside, over a particular hearing, may file with the Chief Hearing Examiner of the Department of Labor a motion to disqualify and remove the hearing examiner, such motion to be supported by affidavits setting forth the alleged grounds for disqualification. The Chief Hearing Examiner shall rule upon the motion. (d) Contumacious conduct; failure or refusal to appear or obey the rulings of a presiding hearing examiner. (1) Contumacious conduct at any hearing before the hearing examiner shall be grounds for exclusion from the hearing. (2) If a witness or a party refuses to answer a question after being directed to do so, or refuses to obey an order to provide or permit discovery, the hearing examiner may make such orders with regard to the refusal as are just and appropriate, including an order denying the application of an applicant or regulating the contents of the record of the hearing. (e) Referral to Federal Rules of Civil Procedure. On any procedural question not regulated by this part, the Act, or the Administrative Procedure Act, a hearing examiner shall be guided to the extent practicable by any pertinent provisions of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure.

29 C.F.R. § 1905.23 Prehearing conferences.

(a) Convening a conference. Upon his own motion or the motion of a party, the hearing examiner may direct the parties or their counsel to meet with him for a conference to consider: (1) Simplification of the issues; (2) Necessity or desirability of amendments to documents for purposes of clarification, simplification, or limitation; (3) Stipulations, admissions of fact, and of contents and authenticity of documents; (4) Limitation of the number of parties and of expert witnesses; and (5) Such other matters as may tend to expedite the disposition of the proceeding, and to assure a just conclusion thereof. (b) Record of conference. The hearing examiner shall make an order which recites the action taken at the conference, the amendments allowed to any documents which have been filed, and the agreements made between the parties as to any of the matters considered, and which limits the issues for hearing to those not disposed of by admissions or agreements; and such order when entered controls the subsequent course of the hearing, unless modified at the hearing, to prevent manifest injustice.

29 C.F.R. § 1905.24 Consent findings and rules or orders.

(a) General. At any time before the reception of evidence in any hearing, or during any hearing a reasonable opportunity may be afforded to permit negotiation by the parties of an agreement containing consent findings and a rule or order disposing of the whole or any part of the proceeding. The allowance of such opportunity and the duration thereof shall be in the discretion of the presiding hearing examiner, after consideration of the nature of the proceeding, the requirements of the public interest, the representations of the parties, and the probability of an agreement which will result in a just disposition of the issues involved. (b) Contents. Any agreement containing consent findings and rule or order disposing of a proceeding shall also provide: (1) That the rule or order shall have the same force and effect as if made after a full hearing; (2) That the entire record on which any rule or order may be based shall consist solely of the application and the agreement; (3) A waiver of any further procedural steps before the hearing examiner and the Assistant Secretary; and (4) A waiver of any right to challenge or contest the validity of the findings and of the rule or order made in accordance with the agreement. (c) Submission. On or before the expiration of the time granted for negotiations, the parties or their counsel may: (1) Submit the proposed agreement to the presiding hearing examiner for his consideration; or (2) Inform the presiding hearing examiner that agreement cannot be reached. (d) Disposition. In the event an agreement containing consent findings and rule or order is submitted within the time allowed therefor, the presiding hearing examiner may accept such agreement by issuing his decision based upon the agreed findings.

29 C.F.R. § 1905.25 Discovery.

(a) Depositions. (1) For reasons of unavailability or for other good cause shown, the testimony of any witness may be taken by deposition. Depositions may be taken orally or upon written interrogatories before any person designated by the presiding hearing examiner and having power to administer oaths. (2) Application. Any party desiring to take the deposition of a witness may make application in writing to the presiding hearing examiner, setting forth: (i) The reasons why such deposition should be taken; (ii) The time when, the place where, and the name and post office address of the person before whom the deposition is to be taken; (iii) The name and address of each witness; and (iv) The subject matter concerning which each witness is expected to testify. (3) Notice. Such notice as the presiding hearings examiner may order shall be given by the party taking the deposition to every other party. (4) Taking and receiving in evidence. Each witness testifying upon deposition shall be sworn, and the parties not calling him shall have the right to cross-examine him. The questions propounded and the answers thereto, together with all objections made, shall be reduced to writing, read to the witness, subscribed by him, and certified by the officer before whom the deposition is taken. Thereafter, the officer shall seal the deposition, with two copies thereof, in an envelope and mail the same by registered mail to the presiding hearing examiner. Subject to such objections to the questions and answers as were noted at the time of taking the deposition and would be valid were the witness personally present and testifying, such deposition may be read and offered in evidence by the party taking it as against any party who was present, represented at the taking of the deposition, or who had due notice thereof. No part of a deposition shall be admitted in evidence unless there is a showing that the reasons for the taking of the deposition in the first instance exist at the time of hearing. (b) Other discovery. Whenever appropriate to a just disposition of any issue in a hearing, the presiding hearing examiner may allow discovery by any other appropriate procedure, such as by written interrogatories upon a party, production of documents by a party, or by entry for inspection of the employment or place of employment involved.

29 C.F.R. § 1905.26 Hearings.

(a) Order of proceeding. Except as may be ordered otherwise by the presiding hearing examiner, the party applicant for relief shall proceed first at a hearing. (b) Burden of proof. The party applicant shall have the burden of proof. (c) Evidence—(1) Admissibility. A party shall be entitled to present his case or defense by oral or documentary evidence, to submit rebuttal evidence, and to conduct such cross-examination as may be required for a full and true disclosure of the facts. Any oral or documentary evidence may be received, but a presiding hearing examiner shall exclude evidence which is irrelevant, immaterial, or unduly repetitious. (2) Testimony of witnesses. The testimony of a witness shall be upon oath or affirmation administered by the presiding hearing examiner. (3) Objections. If a party objects to the admission or rejection of any evidence, or to the limitation of the scope of any examination or cross-examination, or to the failure to limit such scope, he shall state briefly the grounds for such objection. Rulings on all objections shall appear in the record. Only objections made before the presiding hearing examiner may be relied upon subsequently in a proceeding. (4) Exceptions. Formal exception to an adverse ruling is not required. (d) Official notice. Official notice may be taken of any material fact not appearing in evidence in the record, which is among the traditional matters of judicial notice or concerning which the Department of Labor by reason of its functions is presumed to be expert: Provided, That the parties shall be given adequate notice, at the hearing or by reference in the presiding hearing examiner's decision, of the matters so noticed, and shall be given adequate opportunity to show the contrary. (e) Transcript. Hearings shall be stenographically reported. Copies of the transcript may be obtained by the parties upon written application filed with the reporter, and upon the payment of fees at the rate provided in the agreement with the reporter.

29 C.F.R. § 1905.27 Decisions of hearing examiners.

(a) Proposed findings of fact, conclusions, and rules or orders. Within 10 days after receipt of notice that the transcript of the testimony has been filed or such additional time as the presiding hearing examiner may allow, each party may file with the hearing examiner proposed findings of fact, conclusions of law, and rule or order, together with a supporting brief expressing the reasons for such proposals. Such proposals and brief shall be served on all other parties, and shall refer to all portions of the record and to all authorities relied upon in support of each proposal. (b) Decision of the hearing examiner. Within a reasonable time after the time allowed for the filing of proposed findings of fact, conclusions of law, and rule or order, the presiding hearing examiner shall make and serve upon each party his decision, which shall become final upon the 20th day after service thereof, unless exceptions are filed thereto, as provided in § 1905.28. The decision of the hearing examiner shall include (1) a statement of findings and conclusions, with reasons and bases therefor, upon each material issue of fact, law, or discretion presented on the record, and (2) the appropriate rule, order, relief, or denial thereof. The decision of the hearing examiner shall be based upon a consideration of the whole record and shall state all facts officially noticed and relied upon. It shall be made on the basis of a preponderance of reliable and probative evidence.

29 C.F.R. § 1905.28 Exceptions.

Within 20 days after service of a decision of a presiding hearing examiner, any party may file with the hearing examiner written exceptions thereto with supporting reasons. Such exceptions shall refer to the specific findings of fact, conclusions of law, or terms of the rule or order excepted to, the specific pages of transcript relevant to the suggestions, and shall suggest corrected findings of fact, conclusions of law, or terms of the rule or order. Upon receipt of any exceptions, the hearing examiner shall fix a time for filing any objections to the exceptions and any supporting reasons.

29 C.F.R. § 1905.29 Transmission of record.

If exceptions are filed, the hearing examiner shall transmit the record of the proceeding to the Assistant Secretary for review. The record shall include: The application, any request for hearing thereon, motions and requests filed in written form, rulings thereon, the transcript of the testimony taken at the hearing, together with the exhibits admitted in evidence, any documents or papers filed in connection with prehearing conferences, such proposed findings of fact, conclusions of law, rules or orders, and supporting reasons, as may have been filed, the hearing examiner's decision, and such exceptions, statements of objections, and briefs in support thereof, as may have been filed in the proceeding.

29 C.F.R. § 1905.30 Decision of the Assistant Secretary.

If exceptions to a decision of a hearing examiner are taken pursuant to § 1905.28, the Assistant Secretary shall upon consideration thereof, together with the record references and authorities cited in support thereof, and any objections to exceptions and supporting reasons, make his decision. The decision may affirm, modify, or set aside, in whole or part, the findings, conclusions, and the rule or order contained in the decision of the presiding hearing examiner, and shall include a statement of reasons or bases for the actions taken on each exception presented.

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