Mo. Rev. Stat. ch. 515

Mo. Rev. Stat. ch. 515
in effect

Mo. Rev. Stat. § 515.010 Cases referred by consent.

515.010. Cases referred by consent. — All or any of the issues of fact in the action may be referred upon the written consent of the parties. (RSMo 1939 § 1141) Prior revisions: 1929 § 975; 1919 § 1425; 1909 § 1995

Mo. Rev. Stat. § 515.020 When referred by order of court.

515.020. When referred by order of court. — Where the parties do not so consent, the court may, upon the application of either, or of its own motion, direct a reference in the following cases: (1) Where the trial of an issue of fact shall require the examination of a long account on either side, in which case the referees may be directed to hear and decide the whole issue, or to report upon any specific question of fact involved therein; or (2) Where the taking of an account shall be necessary for the information of the court, before judgment, or for carrying a judgment or order into effect; or (3) Where a question of fact other than upon the pleadings shall arise upon motion or otherwise, in any stage of the action. (RSMo 1939 § 1142) Prior revisions: 1929 § 976; 1919 § 1426; 1909 § 1996 CROSS REFERENCES: Examination of judgment debtor, referee may conduct, 513.390 Insurance company, proceedings to wind up, referee appointed to hear, when, 375.610 Mechanic's and materialman's lien action, referee appointed, when, 429.320 (1956) The power of a court of equity to refer issues to a referee is expressly limited to situations provided for in chapter 515, RSMo, notwithstanding the rule at common law. Durwood v. Dubinsky (Mo.), 291 S.W.2d 909.

Mo. Rev. Stat. § 515.030 Parties may agree upon referees or court shall appoint.

515.030. Parties may agree upon referees or court shall appoint. — In all cases of reference, the parties, except when an infant may be a party, may agree upon a suitable person or persons, not exceeding three; and, upon filing such agreement, the reference shall be ordered accordingly. If the parties do not agree, the court shall appoint one or more referees, not exceeding three, who shall be free from all exception. (RSMo 1939 § 1143) Prior revisions: 1929 § 977; 1919 § 1427; 1909 § 1997

Mo. Rev. Stat. § 515.040 Referees to be disinterested parties.

515.040. Referees to be disinterested parties. — No person shall be appointed referee who is of kin to either party, or is interested in the event of the action. (RSMo 1939 § 1145) Prior revisions: 1929 § 979; 1919 § 1429; 1909 § 1999

Mo. Rev. Stat. § 515.050 Oath of referees.

515.050. Oath of referees. — Before proceeding to hear any testimony in the cause, they shall take and subscribe an oath before some officer duly authorized to administer an oath, faithfully and fairly to hear and examine the cause, and to make a just, impartial and true report, according to the best of their understanding, which oath shall be filed and returned with the award. (RSMo 1939 § 1147) Prior revisions: 1929 § 981; 1919 § 1431; 1909 § 2001

Mo. Rev. Stat. § 515.060 Referees to hear and determine cause without delay.

515.060. Referees to hear and determine cause without delay. — The referee or referees appointed in pursuance of any order of reference shall proceed with diligence to hear and determine the matter in controversy. (RSMo 1939 § 1144) Prior revisions: 1929 § 978; 1919 § 1428; 1909 § 1998

Mo. Rev. Stat. § 515.070 Appointment in case of death or removal of referee.

515.070. Appointment in case of death or removal of referee. — In case of the death or removal from the state of a referee, another shall, if necessary and proper, be appointed to fill the vacancy. (RSMo 1939 § 1146) Prior revisions: 1929 § 980; 1919 § 1430; 1909 § 2000

Mo. Rev. Stat. § 515.080 Referees must all meet and conduct hearing.

515.080. Referees must all meet and conduct hearing. — If more than one referee be appointed, all the referees must meet together and hear all the proofs and allegations of the parties; but a report made and every other act done by a majority of them, shall be valid. (RSMo 1939 § 1151) Prior revisions: 1929 § 985; 1919 § 1435; 1909 § 2005

Mo. Rev. Stat. § 515.090 Hearing - notice - adjournments.

515.090. Hearing — notice — adjournments. — They shall appoint a time and place for the hearing, and give ten days' notice thereof, in writing, to all the parties, and if either party being notified shall fail to appear, they shall proceed ex parte, and shall adjourn the hearing, from time to time, as may be necessary; and for good cause they may postpone the hearing to any time, not extending beyond the next term of the court in which the suit is pending, or when a longer time is given by the order of the court within which to report, not extending beyond such time. (RSMo 1939 § 1148) Prior revisions: 1929 § 982; 1919 § 1432; 1909 § 2002

Mo. Rev. Stat. § 515.100 Service of notices, how and by whom made.

515.100. Service of notices, how and by whom made. — All notices required to be given by the referees or others, in the progress of a cause, shall be served by reading the same or delivering a copy to the person to be notified, and may be served by the sheriff or other officer authorized to serve process, whose return shall be evidence of the facts therein stated. (RSMo 1939 § 1160) Prior revisions: 1929 § 994; 1919 § 1445; 1909 § 2014

Mo. Rev. Stat. § 515.110 Power to compel attendance of witnesses.

515.110. Power to compel attendance of witnesses. — They shall have the same power that may be given by law to associate circuit judges, to issue subpoenas for witnesses, and to compel their attendance by attachment, to administer oaths, and punish contempts committed in their presence during the hearing of the cause, and commit to the jail of the county such witnesses as refuse to testify. (RSMo 1939 § 1149) Prior revisions: 1929 § 983; 1919 § 1433; 1909 § 2003

Mo. Rev. Stat. § 515.120 Service of notices and subpoenas.

515.120. Service of notices and subpoenas. — Such notices and all subpoenas for witnesses in any cause may also be served by any person being a competent witness in the cause; and the affidavit of such person shall be received as evidence of the facts stated relating to the service. (RSMo 1939 § 1161) Prior revisions: 1929 § 995; 1919 § 1446; 1909 § 2015

Mo. Rev. Stat. § 515.130 May compel parties to testify and produce documents.

515.130. May compel parties to testify and produce documents. — They shall have power, as courts of record have, to examine the parties on oath, to be administered by the referees, or either of them, and to require the production of all books, papers and documents in the custody or under the control of either party. (RSMo 1939 § 1153) Prior revisions: 1929 § 987; 1919 § 1437; 1909 § 2007

Mo. Rev. Stat. § 515.140 Punishment of parties for contempt.

515.140. Punishment of parties for contempt. — If any party shall neglect or refuse to account, pursuant to proper notice, or to produce any books, papers or documents required by the referees, the referees may proceed against the party for his disobedience and imprison him until he submits to account or produce such books, papers and documents, or the referees may receive a statement of the account from the adverse party, and the witnesses that he may produce on oath in relation thereto, and report such sum to be due as they on such examination find due. (RSMo 1939 § 1154) Prior revisions: 1929 § 988; 1919 § 1438; 1909 § 2008

Mo. Rev. Stat. § 515.150 Punishment for refusal to testify.

515.150. Punishment for refusal to testify. — If either party shall refuse to be sworn, or when sworn shall refuse to answer any proper question, the referees may imprison him until he consents to be sworn or to answer such question. (RSMo 1939 § 1155) Prior revisions: 1929 § 989; 1919 § 1439; 1909 § 2009

Mo. Rev. Stat. § 515.160 Depositions may be taken and read.

515.160. Depositions may be taken and read. — Depositions of witnesses or parties regularly taken in the cause may be read in evidence before the referees, as in cases of trials before the court. (RSMo 1939 § 1150) Prior revisions: 1929 § 984; 1919 § 1434; 1909 § 2004

Mo. Rev. Stat. § 515.170 Testimony to be written - exceptions to be stated in report.

515.170. Testimony to be written — exceptions to be stated in report. — All testimony taken before referees shall be reduced to writing, and if either party shall except to the competency of a witness or the admission or exclusion of evidence, or any other matter to which exceptions may be taken, the referees, if required, shall state the particulars of the exceptions in their report. (RSMo 1939 § 1156) Prior revisions: 1929 § 990; 1919 § 1440; 1909 § 2010

Mo. Rev. Stat. § 515.180 Court may compel referees to hear and report.

515.180. Court may compel referees to hear and report. — The referees may be compelled, by the order of the court in which the cause is pending, to proceed to the hearing and make a report. And the court may require them to report their decision, in admitting or rejecting any witness, or the depositions of any witness or other testimony, in allowing or overruling any question to any witness, or answer thereto; and all proceedings by them, together with the testimony before them, and their reasons for allowing or disallowing any claim of either party. (RSMo 1939 § 1152) Prior revisions: 1929 § 986; 1919 § 1436; 1909 § 2006

Mo. Rev. Stat. § 515.190 Report of referees.

515.190. Report of referees. — The referees shall, in all cases, report as speedily as possible, reciting the order of the court, and showing the notice to the parties, the time and place of stating the account or taking the testimony, and all other proceedings had, and return the same, together with the testimony taken, to the court. (RSMo 1939 § 1157) Prior revisions: 1929 § 991; 1919 § 1441; 1909 § 2011

Mo. Rev. Stat. § 515.200 Exceptions to report.

515.200. Exceptions to report. — All exceptions to the report of the referees shall be in writing, and filed within four days, in term, after the report is filed, and shall be argued without delay. (RSMo 1939 § 1158) Prior revisions: 1929 § 992; 1919 § 1442; 1909 § 2012

Mo. Rev. Stat. § 515.210 Proceedings on report.

515.210. Proceedings on report. — If exceptions are sustained the matter may again be referred, with instructions, if necessary, but if the report is confirmed by the court, judgment shall be rendered thereon in the same manner and with like effect as upon a special verdict. (RSMo 1939 § 1159) Prior revisions: 1929 § 993; 1919 § 1443; 1909 § 2013

Mo. Rev. Stat. § 515.220 Compensation of referees.

515.220. Compensation of referees. — Referees, in the absence of any special agreement, shall receive such compensation for their services as the court in which the case is pending may allow, not exceeding ten dollars per day. (RSMo 1939 § 1162) Prior revisions: 1929 § 996; 1919 § 1447; 1909 § 2016

Mo. Rev. Stat. § 515.230 Compensation of witnesses and officers.

515.230. Compensation of witnesses and officers. — Witnesses shall receive the same fees for attending before arbitrators and referees that they may be allowed them for attending before the circuit court in civil cases; and sheriffs and all other officers shall be entitled to the same fees for service performed in relation to arbitrations and references, that may be allowed them in their respective courts for similar services. (RSMo 1939 § 1163) Prior revisions: 1929 § 997; 1919 § 1448; 1909 § 2017

Mo. Rev. Stat. § 515.500 Citation of law.

515.500. Citation of law. — Sections 515.500 to 515.665 may be cited as the "Missouri Commercial Receivership Act". (L. 2016 H.B. 1765 merged with S.B. 578)

Mo. Rev. Stat. § 515.505 Definitions.

515.505. Definitions. — As used in sections 515.500 to 515.665 , the following terms shall mean: (1) "Affiliate" : (a) A person that directly or indirectly owns, controls, or holds with power to vote twenty percent or more of the outstanding voting interests of a debtor, other than: a. An entity that holds such securities in a fiduciary or agency capacity without sole discretionary power to vote such interests; or b. Solely to secure a debt, if such entity has not in fact exercised such power to vote; (b) A person whose business is operated under a lease or operating agreement by a debtor, or a person substantially all of whose property is operated under an operating agreement with a debtor; or (c) A person that directly or indirectly operates the business or substantially all of the property of the debtor under a lease or operating agreement or similar arrangement; (2) "Claim" , a right to payment whether or not such right is reduced to judgment, liquidated, unliquidated, fixed, contingent, matured, unmatured, disputed, undisputed, legal, equitable, secured or unsecured, or a right to an equitable remedy for breach of performance if such breach gives rise to a right to payment, whether or not such right to an equitable remedy is reduced to judgment, fixed, contingent, matured, unmatured, disputed, undisputed, secured, or unsecured; (3) "Court" , a circuit court of the state of Missouri before which an application to appoint a receiver under sections 515.500 to 515.665 has been made or granted, or before which a receivership action under sections 515.500 to 515.665 is pending; (4) "Creditor" , a person that has a claim against the debtor that arose at the time of or before the appointment of a receiver pursuant to sections 515.500 to 515.665 ; (5) "Debt" , liability on a claim; (6) "Debtor" , a person as to which a receiver is sought to be appointed or a court appoints pursuant to sections 515.500 to 515.665 , a person who owns property as to which a receiver is sought to be appointed or a court appoints a receiver pursuant to sections 515.500 to 515.665 , a person as to which a receiver has been appointed by a court in a foreign jurisdiction, or a person who owns property as to which a receiver has been appointed by a court in a foreign jurisdiction; (7) "Entity" , a person other than a natural person; (8) "Estate property" , property as to which a court appoints a receiver pursuant to sections 515.500 to 515.665 ; (9) "Executory contract" , a contract, including a lease, where the obligations of the debtor and the counter party or counter parties to the contract are unperformed to the extent that the failure of either party to complete performance of its obligations would constitute a material breach of the contract, thereby excusing the other party's performance of its obligations under the contract; (10) "Foreign jurisdiction" , any state or federal jurisdiction other than that of this state; (11) "Insolvent" , a financial status or condition such that the sum of the person's debts is greater than the value of such person's property, at fair valuation; (12) "Lien" , a charge against property or an interest in property to secure payment of a debt or performance of an obligation whether created voluntarily or by operation of law; (13) "Notice and a hearing" , such notice as is appropriate and an opportunity for hearing if one is requested. Absent request for hearing by an appropriate person or party in interest, the term notice and a hearing does not indicate a requirement for an actual hearing unless the court so orders; (14) "Party" , a person who is a party to the action, becomes a party to the action, or shall be joined or shall be allowed to intervene in the action pursuant to the rules of the Missouri supreme court, including, without limitation, any person needed for just adjudication of the action; (15) "Party in interest" , the debtor, any party, the receiver, any person with an ownership interest in or lien against estate property or property sought to become estate property, any person that, with respect to particular matters presented in the receivership, has an interest that will be affected, and, in a general receivership, any creditor of the debtor; (16) "Person" , includes natural persons, partnerships, limited liability companies, corporations, and other entities recognized under the laws of this state; (17) "Property" , any right, title, and interest, of the debtor, whether legal or equitable, tangible or intangible, in real and personal property, regardless of the manner by which such rights were or are acquired, but does not include property of an individual person exempt from execution under the laws of this state; provided however, that estate property includes any nonexempt interest in property that is partially exempt. Property includes, but is not limited to, any proceeds, products, offspring, rents, or profits of or from property. Property does not include any power that a debtor may exercise solely for the benefit of another person or property impressed with a trust except to the extent that the debtor has a residual interest; (18) "Receiver" , a receiver appointed by a court pursuant to sections 515.500 to 515.665 ; (19) "Receivership" , the estate created pursuant to the court's order or orders appointing a receiver pursuant to sections 515.500 to 515.665 , including all estate property and the interests, rights, powers, and duties of the receiver and all parties in interest relating to estate property; (20) "Receivership action" , the action as to which a receiver is sought to be appointed or a court appoints a receiver pursuant to sections 515.500 to 515.665 ; (21) "Secured creditor" , a creditor that has a security interest or other lien on estate property. (L. 2016 H.B. 1765 merged with S.B. 578)

Mo. Rev. Stat. § 515.510 Court authorized to appoint receiver, when, procedure.

515.510. Court authorized to appoint receiver, when, procedure. — 1. To the extent the appointment of a receiver is not otherwise provided for pursuant to sections 49.555 , 82.1026 , 91.730 , 198.099 , 257.450 , 276.501 , 287.360 , 287.875 , 351.498 , 351.1189 , 354.357 , 354.480 , 355.736 , 369.354 , 370.154 , 375.650 , 375.954 , 375.1166 , 375.1176 , 379.1336 , 379.1418 , 382.409 , 393.145 , 407.100 , 425.030 , 441.510 , 443.893 , 513.105 , 513.110 , 521.310, 537.500 , 630.763 , or any other statute providing for the appointment of a receiver or administration of a receivership estate in specific circumstances, the court or any judge thereof in vacation, shall have the power to appoint a receiver, whenever such appointment shall be deemed necessary, whose duty it shall be to keep and preserve any money or other thing deposited in court, or that may be subject of a tender, and to keep and preserve all property and protect any business or business interest entrusted to the receiver pending any legal or equitable action concerning the same, subject to the order of the court, including in the following instances: (1) In an action brought to dissolve an entity the court may appoint a receiver with the powers of a custodian to manage the business affairs of the entity and to wind up and liquidate the entity; (2) In an action in which the person seeking appointment of a receiver has a lien on or interest in property or its revenue-producing potential, and either: (a) The appointment of a receiver with respect to the property or its revenue-producing potential is necessary to keep and preserve the property or its revenue-producing potential or to protect any business or business interest concerning the property or its revenue-producing potential; or (b) The appointment of a receiver with respect to the property or its revenue-producing potential is provided for by a valid and enforceable contract or contract provision; or (c) The appointment of a receiver is necessary to effectuate or enforce an assignment of rents or other revenues from the property; (3) After judgment, in order to give effect to the judgment, provided that the party seeking the appointment demonstrates it has no other adequate remedy to enforce the judgment; (4) To dispose of property according to provisions of a judgment dealing with its disposition; (5) To the extent that property is not exempt from execution, at the instance of a judgment creditor either before or after the issuance of any execution, to preserve or protect it, or prevent its transfer; (6) If and to the extent that property is subject to execution to satisfy a judgment, to preserve the property during the pendency of an appeal, or when an execution has been returned unsatisfied, or when an order requiring a judgment debtor to appear for proceedings supplemental to judgment has been issued and the judgment debtor fails to submit to examination as ordered; (7) Upon attachment of real or personal property when the property attached is of a perishable nature or is otherwise in danger of waste, impairment, or destruction or where a debtor has absconded with, secreted, or abandoned the property, and it is necessary to collect, conserve, manage, control, or protect it, or to dispose of it promptly, or when the court determines that the nature of the property or the exigency of the case otherwise provides cause for the appointment of a receiver; (8) In an action by a transferor of real or personal property to avoid or rescind the transfer on the basis of fraud, or in an action to subject property or a fund to the payment of a debt; (9) In an action against any entity if that person is insolvent or is not generally paying the entity's debts as those debts become due unless they are the subject of bona fide dispute ; (10) In an action where a mortgagee has posted and the court has approved a redemption bond as provided pursuant to section 443.440 ; (11) If a general assignment for the benefit of creditors has been made; (12) Pursuant to the terms of a valid and enforceable contract or contract provision providing for the appointment of a receiver, other than pursuant to a contract or contract provision providing for the appointment of a receiver with respect to the primary residence of a debtor who is a natural person; (13) To enforce a valid and enforceable contractual assignment of rents or other revenue from the property; and (14) To prevent irreparable injury to the person or persons requesting the appointment of a receiver with respect to the debtor's property. 2. A court of this state shall appoint as receiver of property located in this state a person appointed in a foreign jurisdiction as receiver with respect to the property specifically or with respect to the debtor's property generally, upon the application of the receiver appointed in the foreign jurisdiction or of any party to that foreign action, and following the appointment shall give effect to orders, judgments, and decrees of the court in the foreign jurisdiction affecting the property in this state held by a receiver appointed in the foreign jurisdiction, unless the court determines that to do so would be manifestly unjust or manifestly inequitable. The venue of such an action may be any county in which the debtor resides or maintains any office, or any county in which any property over which a receiver is to be appointed is located at the time the action is commenced. 3. At least seven days' notice of any application for the appointment of a receiver shall be given to the debtor and to all other parties to the action in which the request for appointment of a receiver is sought, and to all other parties in interest as the court may require. If any execution by a judgment creditor or any application by a judgment creditor for the appointment of a receiver with respect to property over which the appointment of a receiver is sought is pending in any other action at the time the application is made, then notice of the application for the receiver's appointment also shall be given to the judgment creditor in the other action. The court may shorten or expand the period for notice of an application for the appointment of a receiver upon good cause shown. 4. The order appointing a receiver shall reasonably describe the property over which the receiver is to take charge, by category, individual items, or both if the receiver is to take charge of less than substantially all of the debtor's property. If the order appointing a receiver does not expressly limit the receiver's authority to designated property or categories of property of the owner, the receiver shall be deemed a general receiver with authority to take charge over all of the debtor's property, wherever located. 5. The court may condition the appointment of a receiver upon the giving of security by the person seeking the appointment of a receiver, in such amount as the court may specify, for the payment of costs and damages incurred or suffered by any person should it later be determined that the appointment of the receiver was wrongfully obtained. 6. The appointment of a receiver is not required to be relief ancillary or in addition to any other claim, and may be sought as an independent claim and remedy. 7. Sections 515.500 to 515.665 shall not apply to persons or entities who are, or who should be, regulated as public utilities by the public service commission. (L. 2016 H.B. 1765 merged with S.B. 578)

Mo. Rev. Stat. § 515.515 General and limited receivers.

515.515. General and limited receivers. — A receiver shall be either a general receiver or a limited receiver. A receiver shall be a general receiver if the receiver is appointed to take possession and control of all or substantially all of a debtor's property and provided the power to liquidate such property. A receiver shall be a limited receiver if the receiver is appointed to take possession and control of only limited or specific property of a debtor, whether to preserve or to liquidate such property. A receiver appointed at the request of a person having a lien on or interest in specific property that constitutes all or substantially all of a debtor's property may be either a general receiver or a limited receiver. The court shall specify in the order appointing a receiver whether the receiver is appointed as a general receiver or as a limited receiver. The court by order, upon notice and a hearing, may convert either a general receiver into a limited receiver or a limited receiver into a general receiver for good cause shown. In the absence of a clear designation by the court of the type of receiver appointed, whether limited or general, the receiver shall be presumed to be a general receiver and shall have the rights, powers, and duties attendant thereto. (L. 2016 H.B. 1765 merged with S.B. 578)

Mo. Rev. Stat. § 515.520 Notice of appointment, content.

515.520. Notice of appointment, content. — 1. Upon entry of an order appointing a receiver or upon conversion of a limited receiver to a general receiver pursuant to section 515.515 and within ten business days thereof, or within such additional time as the court may allow, the receiver shall give notice of the appointment or conversion to all parties in interest, including the secretary of state for the state of Missouri, and state and federal taxing authorities. Such notice shall be made by first class mail and proof of service thereof shall be filed with the court. The content of such notice shall include: (1) The caption reflecting the action in which the receiver is appointed; (2) The date the action was filed; (3) The date the receiver was appointed; (4) The name, address, and contact information of the appointed receiver; (5) Whether the receiver is a limited or general receiver; (6) A description of the estate property; (7) The debtor's name and address and the name and address of the attorney for the debtor, if any; (8) The court address at which pleadings, motions, or other papers may be filed; (9) Such additional information as the court directs; and (10) A copy of the court's order appointing the receiver. 2. A general receiver shall also give notice of the receivership by publication in a newspaper of general circulation published in the county or counties in which estate property is known to be located once a week for three consecutive weeks. The first notice shall be published within thirty days after the date of appointment of the receiver. The notice of the receivership shall include the date of appointment of the receiver, the name of the court and the action number, the last day on which claims may be filed, if established by the court, and the name and address of the debtor, the receiver, and the receiver's attorney, if any. For purposes of this section, all intangible property included as estate property is deemed to be located in the county in which the debtor, if a natural person, resides, or in which the debtor, if an entity, maintains its principal administrative offices. 3. The debtor shall cooperate with all reasonable requests for information from the receiver for purposes of assisting the receiver in providing notice pursuant to subsection 1 of this section. In the court's discretion, the failure of such debtor to cooperate with any reasonable request for information may be punished as a contempt of court. (L. 2016 H.B. 1765 merged with S.B. 578)

Mo. Rev. Stat. § 515.525 Replacement of receiver, when.

515.525. Replacement of receiver, when. — Except as provided in sections 515.500 to 515.665 or otherwise by statute, any person, whether or not a resident of this state, may serve as a receiver. A person may not be appointed as a receiver, and shall be replaced as receiver if already appointed, if it should appear to the court that the person: (1) Has been found guilty of a felony or other crime involving moral turpitude or is controlled by a person who has been convicted of a felony or other crime involving moral turpitude; (2) Is a party to the action, or is a parent, grandparent, grandchild, sibling, partner, director, officer, agent, attorney, employee, secured or unsecured creditor or lienor of, or holder of any equity interest in, or controls or is controlled by, the debtor, or who is the agent, affiliate, or attorney of any disqualified person; (3) Has an interest materially adverse to the interest of persons to be affected by the receivership generally; or (4) Is a sheriff of any county. (L. 2016 H.B. 1765 merged with S.B. 578)

Mo. Rev. Stat. § 515.530 Bond requirements.

515.530. Bond requirements. — Except as otherwise provided for by statute or court rule, before entering upon duties of receiver, a receiver shall execute a bond with one or more sureties approved by the court, in the amount the court specifies, conditioned that the receiver will faithfully discharge the duties of receiver in accordance with orders of the court and state law. Unless otherwise ordered by the court, the receiver's bond runs in favor of all persons having an interest in the receivership proceeding or property held by the receiver and in favor of state agencies. (L. 2016 H.B. 1765 merged with S.B. 578)

Mo. Rev. Stat. § 515.535 Receiver to have powers and priority of creditor.

515.535. Receiver to have powers and priority of creditor. — As of the time of appointment, and subject to the provisions of subdivision (3) of subsection 3 of section 515.575 , the receiver shall have the powers and priority as if it were a creditor that obtained a judicial lien at the time of appointment on all of the debtor's property that is subject to the receivership, subject to satisfaction of recording requirements as to real property pursuant to subdivision (3) * of subsection 2 of section 515.545 . (L. 2016 H.B. 1765 merged with S.B. 578) *Words "paragraph (c)" appear in original rolls in H.B. 1765 and S.B. 578.

Mo. Rev. Stat. § 515.540 Court to have exclusive authority, when.

515.540. Court to have exclusive authority, when. — 1. Except as otherwise provided for by sections 515.500 to 515.665 , the court in all cases has exclusive authority over the receiver, and the exclusive possession and right of control with respect to all real property and all tangible and intangible personal property with respect to which the receiver is appointed, wherever located, and the exclusive authority to determine all controversies relating to the collection, preservation, application, and distribution of all property, and all claims against the receiver arising out of the exercise of the receiver's powers or the performance of the receiver's duties. However, the court does not have exclusive authority over actions in which a state agency is a party and in which jurisdiction or venue is vested elsewhere. 2. For good cause shown, the court has power to shorten or expand the time frames specified in sections 515.500 to 515.665 . (L. 2016 H.B. 1765 merged with S.B. 578)

Mo. Rev. Stat. § 515.545 Powers, authority, and duties of receivers.

515.545. Powers, authority, and duties of receivers. — 1. A receiver has the following powers and authority: (1) To incur or pay expenses incidental to the receiver's preservation and use of estate property, and otherwise in the performance of the receiver's duties, including the power to pay obligations incurred prior to the receiver's appointment if and to the extent that payment is determined by the receiver to be prudent in order to preserve the value of estate property and the funds used for this purpose are not subject to any lien or right of setoff in favor of a creditor who has not consented to the payment and whose interest is not otherwise adequately protected; (2) If the appointment applies to all or substantially all of the property of an operating business or any revenue-producing property of the debtor, to do all the things which the owner of the business or property may do in the exercise of ordinary business judgment, or in the ordinary course of the operation of the business as a going concern or use of the property including, but not limited to, the purchase and sale of goods or services in the ordinary course of such business, and the incurring and payment of expenses of the business or property in the ordinary course; (3) To assert any rights, claims, or choses in action of the debtor, if and to the extent that the rights, claims, or choses in action are themselves property within the scope of the appointment or relate to any estate property, to maintain in the receiver's name or in the name of the debtor any action to enforce any right, claim, or chose in action, and to intervene in actions in which the debtor is a party for the purpose of exercising the powers under this subsection; (4) To intervene in any action in which a claim is asserted against the debtor, for the purpose of prosecuting or defending the claim and requesting the transfer of venue of the action to the court appointing the receiver. However, the court shall not transfer actions in which a state agency is a party and as to which a statute expressly vests jurisdiction or venue elsewhere. This power is exercisable with court approval by a limited receiver, and with or without court approval by a general receiver; (5) To assert rights, claims, or choses in action of the receiver arising out of transactions in which the receiver is a participant; (6) To pursue in the name of the receiver any claim under sections 428.005 to 428.059 assertable by any creditor of the debtor, if pursuit of the claim is determined by the receiver to be appropriate in the exercise of the receiver's business judgment; (7) To seek and obtain advice or instruction from the court with respect to any course of action with respect to which the receiver is uncertain in the exercise of the receiver's powers or the discharge of the receiver's duties; (8) To obtain appraisals with respect to estate property; (9) To compel by subpoena any person to submit to an examination under oath, in the manner of a deposition in accordance with rule 57.03 of the Missouri rules of civil procedure, with respect to estate property or any other matter that may affect the administration of the receivership; (10) To use, sell, or lease property other than in the ordinary course of business pursuant to section 515.645 , and to execute in the debtor's stead such documents, conveyances, and borrower consents as may be required in connection therewith; and (11) All other powers as may be conferred upon the receiver specifically by sections 515.500 to 515.665 , by statute, court rule, or by the court. 2. A receiver has the following duties: (1) The duty to notify all federal and state taxing and applicable regulatory agencies of the receiver's appointment in accordance with any applicable laws imposing this duty, including but not limited to, 26 U.S.C. Section 6036; (2) The duty to comply with state law; (3) If a receiver is appointed with respect to any real property, the duty to record as soon as practicable within the land records in any county in which such real property may be situated a notice of lis pendens as provided in section 527.260 , together with a certified copy of the order of appointment, together with a legal description of the real property if one is not included in that order; and (4) Other duties as may be required specifically by sections 515.500 to 515.665 , by statute, court rule, or by the court. 3. The various powers, authorities, and duties of a receiver provided by sections 515.500 to 515.665 may be expanded, modified, or limited by order of the court. (L. 2016 H.B. 1765 merged with S.B. 578)

Mo. Rev. Stat. § 515.550 Estate property, turnover of upon demand - court action to compel.

515.550. Estate property, turnover of upon demand — court action to compel. — 1. Upon demand by a receiver, any person, including the debtor, shall turn over any estate property that is within the possession or control of that person unless otherwise ordered by the court for good cause shown. A receiver by motion may seek to compel turnover of estate property as against any person over which the court first establishes jurisdiction, unless there exists a bona fide dispute with respect to the existence or nature of the receiver's possessory interest in the estate property, in which case turnover shall be sought by means of a legal action. In the absence of a bona fide dispute with respect to the receiver's right to possession of estate property, the failure to relinquish possession and control to the receiver shall be punishable as a contempt of the court. 2. Should the court after notice and a hearing pursuant to subsection 1 of this section order the turnover of property to the receiver, the party against which such order is made shall have the right to deliver a bond executed by such party as principal together with one or more sufficient sureties providing that the principal and each such surety shall each be bound to the receiver in double the amount of the value of the property to be turned over, should the property not be turned over to the receiver when such order becomes final. Absent such bond, the property ordered to be turned over to the receiver shall be immediately turned over to the receiver within ten days of the entry of such order. (L. 2016 H.B. 1765 merged with S.B. 578)

Mo. Rev. Stat. § 515.555 Debtor duties and requirements.

515.555. Debtor duties and requirements. — 1. In addition to other duties and requirements set forth in sections 515.500 to 515.665 and as ordered by the court, the debtor shall: (1) Within fourteen days of the appointment of a general receiver, make available for inspection by the receiver during normal business hours all information and data required to be filed with the court pursuant to section 515.560 , in the form and manner the same are maintained in the ordinary course of the debtor's business; (2) Assist and cooperate fully with the receiver in the administration of the estate and the discharge of the receiver's duties, and comply with all orders of the court; (3) Supply to the receiver information necessary to enable the receiver to complete any schedules or reports that the receiver may be required to file with the court, and otherwise assist the receiver in the completion of the schedules; (4) Upon the receiver's appointment, deliver into the receiver's possession all the property of the receivership estate in the person's possession, custody, or control, including, but not limited to, all accounts, books, papers, records, and other documents; and (5) Following the receiver's appointment, submit to examination by the receiver, or by any other person upon order of the court, under oath, concerning the acts, conduct, property, liabilities, and financial condition of that person or any matter relating to the receiver's administration of the estate. 2. When the debtor is an entity, each of the officers, directors, managers, members, partners, or other individuals exercising or having the power to exercise control over the affairs of the entity are subject to the requirements of this section. (L. 2016 H.B. 1765 merged with S.B. 578)

Mo. Rev. Stat. § 515.560 Debtor to file schedules, when.

515.560. Debtor to file schedules, when. — 1. Within thirty days after the date of appointment of a general receiver, the debtor shall file with the court and submit to the receiver the following schedules: (1) A true list of all of the known creditors and applicable regulatory and taxing agencies of the debtor, including the mailing addresses for each, the amount and nature of their claims, and whether their claims are disputed; and (2) A true list of all estate property, including the estimated liquidation value and location of the property and, if real property, a legal description thereof, as of the date of appointment of the receiver. 2. The Missouri supreme court may from time to time prescribe by court rule the schedules to be filed in receiverships as the supreme court shall deem appropriate to the effective administrations of sections 515.500 to 515.665 . (L. 2016 H.B. 1765 merged with S.B. 578)

Mo. Rev. Stat. § 515.565 Appraisal not required without court order.

515.565. Appraisal not required without court order. — 1. A receiver shall not be obligated to obtain any appraisal or other independent valuation of property in the receiver's possession unless ordered by the court to do so. 2. A court may order the receiver to file such additional schedules, reports of assets, liabilities, claims, or inventories as necessary and proper. 3. Whenever a list or schedule required pursuant to this section is not prepared and filed as required by the debtor, the court may order the receiver, a petitioning creditor, or such other person as the court in its discretion deems appropriate to prepare and file such list or schedule within a time fixed by the court. The court may approve reimbursement of the cost incurred in complying with such order as an administrative expense. (L. 2016 H.B. 1765 merged with S.B. 578)

Mo. Rev. Stat. § 515.570 General receiver to file monthly report, contents.

515.570. General receiver to file monthly report, contents. — 1. A general receiver shall file with the court a monthly report of the receiver's operations and financial affairs unless otherwise ordered by the court. Except as otherwise ordered by the court, each report of a general receiver shall be due by the last day of the subsequent month and shall include the following: (1) A balance sheet; (2) A statement of income and expenses; (3) A statement of cash receipts and disbursements; (4) A statement of accrued accounts receivable of the receiver; (5) A statement disclosing amounts considered to be uncollectable; (6) A statement of accounts payable of the receiver, including professional fees. Such statement shall list the name of each creditor and the amounts owing and remaining unpaid over thirty days; and (7) A tax disclosure statement, which shall list post filing taxes due or tax deposits required, the name of the taxing agency, the amount due, the date due, and an explanation for any failure to make payments or deposits. 2. A limited receiver shall file with the court all such reports as the court may require. (L. 2016 H.B. 1765 merged with S.B. 578)

Mo. Rev. Stat. § 515.575 Appointment of general receiver to operate as a stay, when - expiration of ...

515.575. Appointment of general receiver to operate as a stay, when — expiration of stay — no stay, when. — 1. Except as otherwise ordered by the court, the entry of an order appointing a general receiver shall operate as a stay, applicable to all persons, of: (1) The commencement or continuation, including the issuance, employment, or service of process, of a judicial, administrative, or other action or proceeding against the debtor that was or could have been commenced before the entry of the order of appointment, or to recover a claim against the debtor that arose before the entry of the order of appointment; (2) The enforcement against the debtor or any estate property of a judgment obtained before the order of appointment; (3) Any act to obtain possession of estate property from the receiver, or to interfere with, or exercise control over, estate property; (4) Any act to create, perfect, or enforce any lien or claim against estate property except by exercise of a right of setoff, to the extent that the lien secures a claim against the debtor that arose before the entry of the order of appointment; or (5) Any act to collect, assess, or recover a claim against the debtor that arose before the entry of the order of appointment. 2. The stay shall automatically expire as to the acts specified in subdivisions (1), (2), and (5) of subsection 1 of this section sixty days after the entry of the order of appointment unless before the expiration of the sixty-day period the debtor or receiver, for good cause shown, obtains an order of the court extending the stay, after notice and a hearing. A person whose action or proceeding is stayed by motion to the court may seek relief from the stay for good cause shown. Any judgment obtained against the debtor or estate property following the entry of the order of appointment is not a lien against estate property unless the receivership is terminated prior to a conveyance of the property against which the judgment would otherwise constitute a lien. 3. The entry of an order appointing a receiver does not operate as a stay of: (1) The commencement or continuation of a criminal proceeding against the debtor; (2) The commencement or continuation of an action or proceeding to establish paternity, or to establish or modify an order for alimony, maintenance, or support, or to collect alimony, maintenance, or support under any order of a court; (3) Any act to perfect or to maintain or continue the perfection of an interest in estate property pursuant to any generally applicable Missouri law that permits perfection of an interest in property to be effective against an entity that acquires rights in such property before the date of perfection. Such right to perfect an interest in estate property includes any act to perfect an interest in purchase money collateral pursuant to sections 400.9-301 to 400.9-339 , perfection of a lien that may be placed against real property under the provisions of chapter 429 , or the assertion of a right to continue in possession of any estate property that is in the possession of a person entitled to retain possession of such property pending payment for work performed with respect to such property. If perfection of an interest would otherwise require seizure of the property involved or the commencement of an action, the perfection shall instead be accomplished by filing, and by serving upon the receiver, or receiver's counsel, if any, notice of the interest within the time fixed by law for seizure or commencement; (4) The commencement or continuation of an action or proceeding by a governmental unit to enforce its police or regulatory power; (5) The enforcement of a judgment, other than a money judgment, obtained in an action or proceeding by a governmental unit to enforce its police or regulatory power, or with respect to any licensure of the debtor; (6) The exercise of a right of setoff, including but not limited to, any right of a commodity broker, forward contract merchant, stockbroker, financial institution, or securities clearing agency to set off a claim for a margin payment or settlement payment arising out of a commodity contract, forward contract, or securities contract against cash, securities, or other property held or due from the commodity broker, forward contract merchant, stockbroker, financial institution, or securities clearing agency to margin, guarantee, secure, or settle the commodity contract, forward contract, or securities contract, and any right of a swap participant to set off a claim for a payment due to the swap participant under or in connection with a swap agreement against any payment due from the swap participant under or in connection with the swap agreement or against cash, securities, or other property of the debtor held by or due from the swap participant to guarantee, secure, or settle the swap agreement; (7) The establishment by a governmental unit of any tax liability and any appeal thereof; or (8) Any action pending in a court other than that in which the receiver is appointed until transcription of the order appointing the receiver or extending the stay is made to the other court in which an action against the debtor is pending. 4. For the purposes of subdivision (8) of subsection 3 of this section, the receiver or any party in interest is authorized to cause to be transcripted any order appointing a receiver or extending the stay to any and all courts in which any action against a debtor is pending in this state. A court that receives a transcript of an order of receivership or extension of stay may on its own order sua sponte transfer the matter before the court to the court issuing an order of receivership. (L. 2016 H.B. 1765 merged with S.B. 578, A.L. 2018 H.B. 1250)

Mo. Rev. Stat. § 515.580 Utility service, notice required by public utility to discontinue - ...

515.580. Utility service, notice required by public utility to discontinue — violations, remedies. — 1. A public utility, as defined in section 386.020 , providing service to estate property may not alter, refuse, or discontinue service to the property without first giving the receiver fifteen days' notice, or such other notice as may be required by the rules of the public service commission for a customer of that class, of any default or intention to alter, refuse, or discontinue service to estate property. This section does not prohibit the court, upon motion by the receiver, to prohibit the alteration or cessation of utility service if the receiver can furnish adequate assurance of payment in the form of deposit or other security for service to be provided after entry of the order appointing the receiver. 2. Any public utility regulated by the public service commission which violates this section shall be subject to appropriate remedial measures by the commission upon receiving notice that the utility has violated the provisions of this section. 3. When a utility service provider not regulated by the public service commission violates this section, upon direction of the court, an action may be brought by the receiver against the utility to enforce compliance with the provisions of this section. (L. 2016 H.B. 1765 merged with S.B. 578)

Mo. Rev. Stat. § 515.585 Contracts and leases, receiver may assume or reject - action to compel ...

515.585. Contracts and leases, receiver may assume or reject — action to compel rejection — consent to assume required, when. — 1. A receiver may assume or reject any executory contract or unexpired lease of the debtor upon order of the court following notice and a hearing, which shall include notice to persons party to the executory contract or unexpired lease to be assumed or rejected. The court may condition assumption or rejection of any executory contract or unexpired lease on the terms and conditions the court believes are just and proper under the particular circumstances of the action. Such terms and conditions may include a requirement that the receiver cures or provides adequate assurance that the receiver will promptly cure any default. A general receiver's performance of an executory contract or unexpired lease prior to the court's authorization of its assumption or rejection shall not constitute an assumption of the executory contract or unexpired lease, or an agreement by the receiver to assume it, nor otherwise preclude the receiver thereafter from seeking the court's authority to reject it. 2. Any person party to an executory contract or unexpired lease may by motion seek to compel the rejection thereof at any time, such rejection the court shall order in its discretion, and as the interests of justice may require. In determining a motion to compel the rejection of an executory contract or unexpired lease, the court may consider, among other factors: (1) Whether rejection is in the best interests of the receivership estate and the interests of creditors; (2) The extent to which the executory contract or unexpired lease burdens the receivership estate financially; (3) Whether the debtor is performing or is in breach of the executory contract or unexpired lease; (4) If the debtor is in breach of a financial provision of the executory contract or unexpired lease, the debtor's ability to cure such breach within a reasonable time; and (5) Harm suffered by the nondebtor person party to the executory contract or unexpired lease that results or may result from refusing the rejection thereof. 3. Any obligation or liability incurred by a general receiver on account of the receiver's assumption of an executory contract or unexpired lease shall be treated as an expense of the receivership. A receiver's rejection of an executory contract or unexpired lease shall be treated as a breach of the contract or lease occurring immediately prior to the receiver's appointment; and the receiver's right to possess or use property pursuant to any executory contract or unexpired lease shall terminate upon rejection of such contract or lease. A nondebtor party to an executory contract or unexpired lease that is rejected by a receiver may take such steps as may be necessary under applicable law to terminate or cancel such contract or lease. The claim of a nondebtor party to an executory contract or unexpired lease resulting from a receiver's rejection of it shall be served upon the receiver within thirty days following the date the receiver gives notice of such rejection to such person, which notice shall indicate the right to file a claim within the thirty-day period. 4. A receiver's power under this section to assume an executory contract or unexpired lease shall not be affected by any provision in such contract or lease that would effect or permit a forfeiture, modification, or termination of it on account of either the receiver's appointment, the financial condition of the debtor, or an assignment for the benefit of creditors by the debtor. 5. A receiver may not assume an executory contract or unexpired lease of debtor without the consent of the other person party to such contract or lease if: (1) Applicable law would excuse a person, other than the debtor, from accepting performance from or rendering performance to anyone other than the debtor even in the absence of any provisions in the contract or lease expressly restricting or prohibiting an assignment of the person's rights or the performance of the debtor's duties; (2) The contract or lease is a contract to make a loan or extend credit or financial accommodations to or for the benefit of the debtor, or to issue a security of the debtor; or (3) The executory contract or lease expires by its own terms, or under applicable law prior to the receiver's assumption thereof. 6. A receiver may not assign an executory contract or unexpired lease without assuming it, absent the consent of the other parties to the contract or lease. 7. If the receiver rejects an executory contract or unexpired lease for: (1) The sale of real property under which the debtor is the seller and the purchaser is in possession of the real property; (2) The sale of a real property timeshare interest under which the debtor is the seller; (3) The license of intellectual property rights under which the debtor is the licensor; or (4) The lease of real property in which the debtor is the lessor; then the purchaser, licensee, or lessee may treat the rejection as a termination of the contract, license agreement, or lease, or alternatively, the purchaser, licensee, or lessee may remain in possession in which circumstance the purchaser, licensee, or lessee shall continue to perform all obligations arising thereunder as and when they may fall due, but may offset against any payments any damages occurring on account of the rejection after it occurs. The purchaser of real property in such a circumstance is entitled to receive from the receiver any deed or any other instrument of conveyance which the debtor is obligated to deliver under the executory contract when the purchaser becomes entitled to receive it, and the deed or instrument has the same force and effect as if given by the person. A purchaser, licensee, or lessee who elects to remain in possession under the terms of this subsection has no rights against the receiver on account of any damages arising from the receiver's rejection except as expressly provided for by this subsection. A purchaser of real property who elects to treat rejection of an executory contract as a termination has a lien against the interest in that real property of the debtor for the recovery of any portion of the purchase price that the purchaser has paid. 8. Any contract with the state shall be deemed rejected if not assumed within sixty days of appointment of a general receiver unless the receiver and state agency agree to its assumption. 9. Nothing in sections 515.500 to 515.665 affects the enforceability of anti-assignment prohibitions provided under contract or applicable law. (L. 2016 H.B. 1765 merged with S.B. 578)

Mo. Rev. Stat. § 515.590 Unsecured credit or debt, receiver may obtain, when.

515.590. Unsecured credit or debt, receiver may obtain, when. — 1. If a receiver is authorized to operate the business of a debtor or manage a debtor's property, the receiver may obtain unsecured credit and incur unsecured debt in the ordinary course of business as an administrative expense of the receiver without order of the court. 2. The court after notice and a hearing may authorize a receiver to obtain credit or incur debt other than in the ordinary course of business. The court may allow the receiver to mortgage, pledge, hypothecate, or otherwise encumber estate property as security for repayment of any debt that the receiver may incur, including that the court may provide that additional credit extended to a receiver by a secured creditor of the debtor be afforded the same priority as the secured creditor's existing lien. 3. When determining the propriety of allowing a receiver to obtain credit or incur debt pursuant to subsection 2 of this section, the court shall consider the likely impact on the interests of unsecured creditors of the debtor. (L. 2016 H.B. 1765 merged with S.B. 578)

Mo. Rev. Stat. § 515.595 Right to sue and be sued - action adjunct to receivership action - venue - ...

515.595. Right to sue and be sued — action adjunct to receivership action — venue — judgment not a lien on property, when. — 1. A receiver has the right to sue and be sued in the receiver's capacity as such, without leave of court, in all circumstances necessary or proper for the conduct of the receivership. However, an action seeking to dispossess a receiver of any estate property or otherwise to interfere with the receiver's management or control of any estate property may not be maintained or continued unless permitted by order of the court obtained upon notice and a hearing. 2. An action by or against a receiver is adjunct to the receivership action. The clerk of the court may assign or refer a case number that reflects the relationship of any action to the receivership action. All pleadings in an adjunct action shall include the case number of the receivership action as well as the adjunct action case number assigned by the clerk of the court. All adjunct actions shall be referred to the judge, if any, assigned to the receivership action. 3. A receiver may be joined or substituted as a party in any action or proceeding that was pending at the time of the receiver's appointment and in which the debtor is a party, upon application by the receiver to the court, agency, or other forum before which the action or proceeding is pending. 4. Venue for adjunct actions by or against a receiver shall lie in the court in which the receivership is pending, if the court has jurisdiction over the action. Actions in other courts in this state shall be transferred to the court upon the receiver's filing of a motion for change of venue, provided that the receiver files the motion within thirty days following service of original process upon the receiver. However, actions in other courts or forums in which a state agency is a party shall not be transferred on request of the receiver absent consent of the affected state agency or grounds provided under other applicable law. 5. An action by or against a receiver does not abate by reason of death or resignation or removal of the receiver, but continues against the successor receiver or against the debtor, if a successor receiver is not appointed. 6. Whenever the assets of any domestic or foreign corporation, that has been doing business in this state, has been placed in the hands of any general receiver and the receiver is in possession of its assets, service of all process upon the corporation may be made upon the receiver. 7. A judgment against a general receiver or the debtor is not a lien on estate property, nor shall any execution issue thereon. Upon entry of a judgment against a general receiver or the debtor in the court in which a general receivership is pending, or upon filing in a general receivership of a certified copy of a judgment against a general receiver or the debtor entered by another court in this state or a foreign jurisdiction, the judgment shall be treated as an allowed claim in the receivership. A judgment against a limited receiver shall be treated and has the same effect as a judgment against the debtor, except that the judgment is not enforceable against estate property unless otherwise ordered by the court upon notice and a hearing. (L. 2016 H.B. 1765 merged with S.B. 578)

Mo. Rev. Stat. § 515.600 Immunity from liability, when.

515.600. Immunity from liability, when. — 1. A receiver appointed pursuant to sections 515.500 to 515.665 , and the agents, attorneys, and employees of the receivership employed by the receiver pursuant to section 515.605 shall enjoy judicial immunity for acts and omissions arising out of and performed in connection with his or her official duties on behalf of the court and within the scope of his or her appointment. A person other than a successor receiver duly appointed by the court does not have a right of action against a receiver under this section to recover property or the value thereof for or on behalf of the estate except as provided in subsection 2 of this section. A successor receiver may recover only actual damages incurred by the receivership estate from a prior receiver. 2. A person, other than a successor receiver duly appointed by the court, shall not have the right to bring an action against a receiver or the agents, attorneys, and employees of the receivership employed by the receiver pursuant to section 515.605 for any act or omission while acting in the performance of their functions and duties in connection with the receivership unless such person first files a verified application with the appointing court requesting leave to bring such action and the court grants such application after notice and hearing. The appointing court shall only approve the application to bring claims against the receiver under this section upon a prima facie showing by the person making such request that the receiver's actions are not protected by the grant of immunity set forth in subsection 1 of this section. No other court apart from the appointing court shall have the authority to review or approve the application to bring claims against the receiver under this section. 3. If a person requests leave to bring claims under subsection 2 of this section and such leave is denied, the court shall grant judgment in favor of the receiver for the costs of the proceeding and reasonable attorney's fee if the court finds that the position of the person was not substantially justified. (L. 2016 H.B. 1765 merged with S.B. 578)

Mo. Rev. Stat. § 515.605 Employment of professionals.

515.605. Employment of professionals. — 1. The receiver, with the court's approval, may employ one or more attorneys, accountants, appraisers, auctioneers, or other professional persons that do not hold or represent an interest adverse to the receivership to represent or assist the receiver in carrying out the receiver's duties. 2. A person is not disqualified for employment under this section solely because of the person's employment by, representation of, or other relationship with a creditor or other party in interest, if the relationship is disclosed in the application for the person's employment and if the court determines that there is no actual conflict of interest or inappropriate appearance of a conflict. 3. This section does not preclude the court from authorizing the receiver to act as attorney or accountant if the authorization is in the best interests of the receivership. 4. The receiver and any professionals employed by the receiver shall maintain itemized billing records containing a description of services, the time spent, billing rates of all who perform work to be compensated, and a detailed list of expenses. The receiver, and any professionals employed by the receiver may file a motion requesting the allowance of fees and expenses. Notice of the motion shall be served on all persons required to be identified on the master mailing list maintained pursuant to section 515.610 , advising that objections to the application shall be filed within ten days from the date of the notice, and if objections are not timely filed, the court may approve the motion without further notice or hearing. If an objection is filed, the receiver or professional whose compensation is affected may notice the objection for a hearing. Upon request of any person required to receive notice pursuant to this subsection, the receiver and any professionals employed by the receiver shall provide a copy of their itemized billing records upon which their motion for fees and expenses is based within five days of the date of the request. (L. 2016 H.B. 1765 merged with S.B. 578)

Mo. Rev. Stat. § 515.610 Creditors bound by acts of receiver - right to notice and may appear in ...

515.610. Creditors bound by acts of receiver — right to notice and may appear in receivership — notice requirements. — 1. Creditors and parties in interest to whom are given notice as provided by sections 515.500 to 515.665 and creditors or other persons submitting written claims in the receivership or otherwise appearing and participating in the receivership are bound by the acts of the receiver and the orders of the court relating to the receivership whether or not the person is a party to the receivership action. 2. Creditors and parties in interest have a right to notice and a hearing as provided in sections 515.500 to 515.665 whether or not the person is a party to the receivership action. 3. Any party in interest may appear in the receivership in the manner prescribed by court rule and shall file with the court a written notice including the name and mailing address of the party in interest, and the name and address of the party in interest's attorney, if any, with the clerk, and by serving a copy of the notice upon the receiver and the receiver's attorney of record, if any. The receiver shall maintain a master mailing list of all parties and of all parties in interest that file and serve a notice of appearance in accordance with this subsection and such parties in interest's attorneys, if any. The receiver shall make a copy of the current master mailing list available to any party or upon request. 4. Any request for relief against a state agency shall be mailed to or otherwise served on the agency and on the office of the attorney general. 5. The receiver shall give not less than ten days' written notice of any examination by the receiver of the debtor to all persons required to be identified on the master mailing list. 6. All persons required to be identified on the master mailing list are entitled to not less than thirty days' written notice of the hearing of any motion or other proceeding involving any proposed: (1) Allowance or disallowance of any claim or claims; (2) Abandonment, disposition, or distribution of estate property, other than an emergency disposition of property subject to eroding value or a disposition of estate property in the ordinary course of business; (3) Compromise or settlement of a controversy that might affect the distribution to creditors from the receivership; (4) Motion for termination of the receivership or removal or discharge of the receiver. Notice of the motion shall also be sent to the department of revenue and other applicable regulatory agencies; (5) Any opposition to any motion to authorize any of the actions under subdivisions (1) to (4) of this subsection shall be filed and served upon all persons required to be identified on the master mailing list at least ten days before the date of the proposed action. 7. Whenever notice is not specifically required to be given under sections 515.500 to 515.665 or otherwise by court rule, the court may consider motions and grant or deny relief without notice or hearing, unless a party or party in interest would be prejudiced or harmed by the relief requested. (L. 2016 H.B. 1765 merged with S.B. 578)

Mo. Rev. Stat. § 515.615 Claims administration process.

515.615. Claims administration process. — 1. The claims administration process identified in this section shall be administered by a general receiver and may be ordered by the court to be administered by a limited receiver. 2. All claims, other than claims of duly perfected secured creditors, arising prior to the receiver's appointment shall be in the form required by this section and served and noticed as required by this section. Any claim not in the form required by this section and so served and noticed is barred from participating in any distribution to creditors. 3. Claims shall be served on the receiver within thirty days from the date notice is given under this section, unless the court reduces or extends the period for cause shown, except that a claim arising from the rejection of an executory contract or an unexpired lease of the debtor may be served within thirty days after the rejection. Claims by state agencies shall be served by such state agencies on the receiver within sixty days from the date notice is given by mail under this section. 4. Claims shall be in written form entitled "Proof of Claim", setting forth the name and address of the creditor and the nature and amount of the claim, and executed by the creditor or the creditor's authorized agent. When a claim or an interest in estate property securing the claim is based on a writing, the original or a copy of the writing shall be included as a part of the proof of claim together with evidence of perfection of any security interest or other lien asserted by the claimant. Unless otherwise ordered by the court, creditors may amend such claims and such amendments shall relate back to the original filing of such claim. 5. Notices of claim shall be filed with the court. A notice shall be filed with the court relating to each served claim. A notice of claim shall not include the claim or supporting documentation served upon the receiver. A notice of claim shall include the name and address of the creditor asserting the claim, together with the name and address of the attorney, if any representing the creditor, the amount of the claim, whether or not the claim is secured or unsecured, and if secured, a brief description of any estate property and other collateral securing the claim. 6. A claim properly noticed, executed, and served in accordance with this section constitutes prima facie evidence of the validity and amount of the claim. (L. 2016 H.B. 1765 merged with S.B. 578)

Mo. Rev. Stat. § 515.620 Objection to a claim, procedure.

515.620. Objection to a claim, procedure. — 1. At any time prior to the entry of an order approving the general receiver's final report, the receiver or any party in interest may file with the court an objection to a claim, such objection shall be in writing and shall set forth the grounds for the objection to the claim. A copy of the objection shall be mailed to the creditor who shall have thirty days to file with the court any suggestions in support of the claim. Upon the filing of any suggestions in support of the claim, the court may adjudicate the claim objection or set a hearing relating to the claim objection. Claims that comply with the requirements of section 515.615 that are not disallowed by the court are entitled to share in distributions from the receivership in accordance with the priorities provided for by sections 515.500 to 515.665 or otherwise by law. 2. Upon order of the court, the general receiver, or any party in interest objecting to the creditor's claim, an objection may be subject to mediation prior to adjudication of the objection. However, state claims are not subject to mediation absent agreement of the state. 3. Upon motion of the general receiver or other party in interest, the following claims may be estimated for purpose of allowance under this section under the rules or orders applicable to the estimation of claims under this section: (1) Any contingent or unliquidated claim, the fixing or liquidation of which, as the circumstance may be, would unduly delay the administration of the receivership; or (2) Any right to payment arising from a right to an equitable remedy for breach of performance. Claims subject to this subsection shall be allowed in the estimated amount thereof. (L. 2016 H.B. 1765 merged with S.B. 578)

Mo. Rev. Stat. § 515.625 Distribution of claims.

515.625. Distribution of claims. — 1. Claims not disallowed by the court shall receive distribution under sections 515.500 to 515.665 in the order of priority under subdivisions (1) to (8) of this subsection * and, with the exception of subdivisions (1) to (3) of this subsection, on a pro rata basis: (1) Any secured creditor that is duly perfected under applicable law, whether or not such secured creditor has filed a proof of claim, shall receive the proceeds from the disposition of the estate property that secures its claim. However, the receiver may recover from estate property secured by a lien or the proceeds thereof the reasonable, necessary expenses of preserving, protecting, or disposing of the estate property to the extent of any benefit to a duly perfected secured creditor. If and to the extent that the proceeds are less than the amount of a duly perfected secured creditor's claim or a duly perfected secured creditor's lien is avoided on any basis, the duly perfected secured creditor's claim is an unsecured claim under subdivision (8) of this subsection. Duly perfected secured claims shall be paid from the proceeds in accordance with their respective priorities under otherwise applicable law; (2) Actual, necessary costs and expenses incurred during the administration of the receivership, other than those expenses allowable under subdivision (1) of this subsection, including allowed fees and reimbursement of reasonable charges and expenses of the receiver and professional persons employed by the receiver. Notwithstanding subdivision (1) of this subsection, expenses incurred during the administration of the estate have priority over the secured claim of any secured creditor obtaining or consenting to the appointment of the receiver; (3) A secured creditor that is not duly perfected under applicable law shall receive the proceeds from the disposition of the estate property that secures its claim if and to the extent that unsecured claims are made subject to those liens under applicable law; (4) Claims for wages, salaries, or commissions, including vacation, severance, and sick leave pay, or contributions to an employee benefit plan earned by the claimant within one hundred eighty days of the date of appointment of the receiver or the cessation of any business relating to the receivership, whichever occurs first, but only to the extent of ten thousand nine hundred fifty dollars; (5) Unsecured claims, to the extent of two thousand four hundred twenty-five dollars for each natural person, arising from the deposit with the person debtor before the date of appointment of the receiver of money in connection with the purchase, lease, or rental of estate property or the purchase of services for personal, family, or household use that were not delivered or provided; (6) Claims for a marital, family, or other support debt, but not to the extent that the debt is assigned to another person, voluntarily, by operation of law, or otherwise; or includes a liability designated as a support obligation unless that liability is actually in the nature of a support obligation; (7) Unsecured claims of governmental units for taxes which accrued prior to the date of appointment of the receiver; (8) Other unsecured claims. 2. If all of the classes under subsection 1 of this section have been paid in full, any residue shall be paid to the debtor. (L. 2016 H.B. 1765 merged with S.B. 578) *Word "section" appears in original rolls of H.B. 1765 and S.B. 578.

Mo. Rev. Stat. § 515.630 Secured claims permitted against estate property.

515.630. Secured claims permitted against estate property. — Except as otherwise provided for by statute, estate property acquired by the estate, the receiver, or the debtor of the receiver is subject to an allowed secured claim to the same extent as would exist in the absence of a receivership. (L. 2016 H.B. 1765 merged with S.B. 578)

Mo. Rev. Stat. § 515.635 Noncontingent liquidated claims, interest allowed, rate.

515.635. Noncontingent liquidated claims, interest allowed, rate. — To the extent that funds are available in the estate for distribution to creditors in a general receivership, the holder of an allowed noncontingent, liquidated claim is entitled to receive interest at the legal rate or other applicable rate from the date of appointment of the receiver or the date on which the claim became a noncontingent, liquidated claim. If there are insufficient funds in the estate to fully pay all interest owing to all members of the class, then interest shall be paid proportionately to each member of the class. (L. 2016 H.B. 1765 merged with S.B. 578, A.L. 2018 H.B. 1250)

Mo. Rev. Stat. § 515.640 Burdensome property, abandonment of, when.

515.640. Burdensome property, abandonment of, when. — The receiver or any party upon order of the court following notice and a hearing and upon the terms and conditions the court considers just and proper may abandon any estate property that is burdensome to the receiver or is of inconsequential value or benefit. However, a receiver may not abandon property that is a hazard or potential hazard to the public in contravention of a state statute or rule that is reasonably designed to protect the public health or safety from identified hazards. Property that is abandoned no longer constitutes estate property. (L. 2016 H.B. 1765 merged with S.B. 578)

Mo. Rev. Stat. § 515.645 Use, sale, or lease of estate property by receiver.

515.645. Use, sale, or lease of estate property by receiver. — 1. The receiver with the court's approval after notice and a hearing may use, sell, or lease estate property other than in the ordinary course of business. 2. The court may order that a general receiver's sale of estate property either under subsection 1 of this section, or consisting of real property that the debtor intended to sell in its ordinary course of business, be effected free and clear of liens, claims, and of all rights of redemption, whether or not the sale will generate proceeds sufficient to fully satisfy all claims secured by the property, unless either: (1) The property to be sold is real property used principally in the production of crops, livestock, or aquaculture, or the property is a homestead, and the owner of the property has not consented to the sale following the appointment of the receiver; or (2) A party in interest, including, but not limited to an owner of the property to be sold or a secured creditor as regards to the property to be sold serves and files a timely opposition to the receiver's sale, and the court determines that the amount likely to be realized by the receiver's sale is less than the amount that may be realized within a reasonable time in the absence of the receiver's sale. Upon any sale free and clear of liens authorized by this section, all liens encumbering the property sold shall transfer and attach to the proceeds of the sale, net of reasonable expenses incurred in the disposition of the property sold, in the same order, priority, and validity as the liens had with respect to the property sold immediately before the conveyance. The court may authorize the receiver at the time of sale to satisfy, in whole or in part, any lien on the property sold out of the proceeds of its sale if the interest of any other creditor having a lien against the proceeds of the sale would not thereby be impaired. 3. At a public sale of estate property under subsection 1 of this section, a creditor with a lien against the property to be sold may credit bid at the sale of the property. A creditor with a lien against the property to be sold who purchases the property from a receiver may offset against the purchase price its secured claim against the property, provided that such secured creditor tenders cash sufficient to satisfy in full all secured claims payable out of the proceeds of sale having priority over such secured creditor's secured claim. If the lien or the claim it secures is the subject of a bona fide dispute, the court may order the holder of the lien or claim to provide the receiver with adequate security to assure full payment of the purchase price in the event the lien, the claim, or any part thereof is determined to be invalid or unenforceable. 4. If estate property includes an interest as a co-owner of property, the receiver shall have the rights and powers of a co-owner afforded by applicable state or federal law, including but not limited to, any rights of partition. 5. The reversal or modification on appeal of an authorization to sell or lease estate property under this section does not affect the validity of a sale or lease under that authorization to any person that purchased or leased the property in good faith, whether or not the person knew of the pendency of the appeal, unless the authorization and sale or lease were stayed pending the appeal. 6. The notice of a proposed use, sale, or lease of estate property required by subsection 1 of this section shall include the time and place of any public sale, the terms and conditions of any private sale and the time fixed for filing objections, and shall be mailed to all parties in interest, and to such other persons as the court in the interests of justice may require. 7. In determining whether a sale free and clear of liens, claims, encumbrances, and of all rights of redemption is in the best interest of the estate, the court may consider, among such other factors as the court deems appropriate, the following: (1) Whether the sale shall be conducted in a commercially reasonable manner considering assets of a similar type or nature; (2) Whether an independent appraisal supports the purchase price to be paid; (3) Whether creditors and parties in interest received adequate notice of the sale, sale procedures, and details of the proposed sale; (4) Any relationship between the buyer and the debtor; (5) Whether the sale is an arm's length transaction; and (6) Whether parties asserting a lien as to the property to be sold consent to the proposed sale. (L. 2016 H.B. 1765 merged with S.B. 578)

Mo. Rev. Stat. § 515.650 Receiver may be appointed as a receiver by out-of-state court, when.

515.650. Receiver may be appointed as a receiver by out-of-state court, when. — 1. A receiver appointed in any action pending in the courts of this state, without first seeking approval of the court, may apply to any court outside of this state for appointment as receiver with respect to any property or business of the person over whose property the receiver is appointed constituting estate property which is located in any other jurisdiction, if the appointment is necessary to the receiver's possession, control, management, or disposition of property in accordance with orders of the court. 2. A receiver appointed by a court of another state, or by a federal court in any district outside of this state, or any other person having an interest in that proceeding, may obtain appointment by a court of this state of that same receiver with respect to any property or business of the person over whose property the receiver is appointed constituting property of the foreign receivership that is located in this jurisdiction if the person is eligible to serve as receiver and the appointment is necessary to the receiver's possession, control, or disposition of the property in accordance with orders of the court in the foreign proceeding. Upon the receiver's request, the court shall enter the orders not offensive to the laws and public policy of this state, necessary to effectuate orders entered by the court in the foreign receivership proceeding. A receiver appointed in an ancillary receivership in this state is required to comply with sections 515.500 to 515.665 requiring notice to creditors or other parties in interest only as may be required by the superior court in the ancillary receivership. (L. 2016 H.B. 1765 merged with S.B. 578)

Mo. Rev. Stat. § 515.655 Removal or replacement of receiver, procedure.

515.655. Removal or replacement of receiver, procedure. — 1. The court shall remove or replace the receiver on application of the debtor, the receiver, or any creditor, or any party or on the court's own motion if the receiver fails to perform the receiver's duties or obligations under sections 515.500 to 515.665 , as ordered by the court. 2. Upon removal, resignation, or death of the receiver the court shall appoint a successor receiver if the court determines that further administration of the estate is required. The successor receiver shall immediately take possession of the estate and assume the duties of receiver. 3. Whenever the court is satisfied that the receiver so removed or replaced has fully accounted for and turned over to the successor receiver appointed by the court all of the property of the estate and has filed a report of all receipts and disbursements during the person's tenure as receiver, the court shall enter an order discharging that person from all further duties and responsibilities as receiver after notice and a hearing. (L. 2016 H.B. 1765 merged with S.B. 578)

Mo. Rev. Stat. § 515.660 Discharge of receiver.

515.660. Discharge of receiver. — 1. Upon distribution or disposition of all property of the estate, or the completion of the receiver's duties with respect to estate property, the receiver shall move the court to be discharged upon notice and a hearing. 2. The receiver's final report and accounting setting forth all receipts and disbursements of the estate shall be included in the petition for discharge and filed with the court. 3. Upon approval of the final report, the court shall discharge the receiver. 4. The receiver's discharge releases the receiver from any further duties and responsibilities as receiver under sections 515.500 to 515.665 . 5. Upon motion of any party in interest, or upon the court's own motion, the court has the power to discharge the receiver and terminate the court's administration of the property over which the receiver was appointed. If the court determines that the appointment of the receiver was wrongfully procured or procured in bad faith, the court may assess against the person who procured the receiver's appointment all of the receiver's fees and other costs of the receivership and any other sanctions the court determines to be appropriate. 6. A certified copy of an order terminating the court's administration of the property over which the receiver was appointed shall operate as a release of any lis pendens notice recorded pursuant to section 515.545 and the same shall be recorded within the land records in any county in which such real property may be situated, together with a legal description of the real property if one is not included in that order. (L. 2016 H.B. 1765 merged with S.B. 578)

Mo. Rev. Stat. § 515.665 Orders subject to appeal.

515.665. Orders subject to appeal. — Orders of the court pursuant to sections 515.500 to 515.665 are appealable to the extent allowed under existing law, including subdivision (2) of section 512.020 . (L. 2016 H.B. 1765 merged with S.B. 578)
Source: Open US Law by Vaquill AI (CC BY 4.0)URL: https://revisor.mo.gov/main/OneChapter.aspx?chapter=515Fetched: 10/17/2026